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1. 小児における、放射線検査で異常がない脊髄損傷（SCIWORA） spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality sciwora in children
2. 新生児における機械的人工呼吸 neonatal birth injuries

English Journal

Fluoxetine inhibits transient global ischemia-induced hippocampal neuronal death and memory impairment by preventing blood-brain barrier disruption.

Lee JY1, Lee HE2, Kang SR3, Choi HY4, Ryu JH5, Yune TY6.Author information 1Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.2Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.3Graduate Program for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.4Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.5Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jhryu63@khu.ac.kr.6Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: tyune@khu.ac.kr.AbstractIschemia induces blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) activation, leading to neuronal cell death. Here, we show that fluoxetine inhibits apoptotic cell death of hippocampal neuron and memory impairment by blocking BBB disruption after transient global ischemia. Fluoxetine treatment (10 mg/kg) after global ischemia significantly inhibited mRNA expression of MMP-2 and -9 and reduced MMP-9 activity. By Evan blue assay, fluoxetine reduced ischemia-induced BBB permeability. In parallel, fluoxetine significantly attenuated the loss of occludin and laminin in the hippocampal area after ischemia. By immunostaining with occludin antibody, fluoxetine preserved the integrity of vascular networks, especially in hippocampal areas after injury. Fluoxetine also prevented the infiltration of macrophages and inhibited the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators after injury. In addition, the activation of microglia and astrocyte in hippocampal regions was significantly attenuated by fluoxetine. Finally, fluoxetine reduced apoptotic cell death of hippocampal neurons as well as vascular endothelial cell death and improved learning and memory. Thus, our study suggests that the neuroprotective effect of fluoxetine is likely mediated by blocking MMP activation followed BBB disruption after transient global ischemia, and the drug may represent a potential therapeutic agent for preserving BBB integrity following ischemic brain injury in humans.
Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2014 Apr;79:161-71. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.11.011. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
Ischemia induces blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) activation, leading to neuronal cell death. Here, we show that fluoxetine inhibits apoptotic cell death of hippocampal neuron and memory impairment by blocking BBB disruption after transient global ischemia. Fluo
PMID 24316161

Risk Factors of Hematomyelia Recurrence and Clinical Outcome in Children with Intradural Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformations.

Saliou G1, Tej A, Theaudin M, Tardieu M, Ozanne A, Sachet M, Ducreux D, Deiva K.Author information 1From the Service de Neuroradiologie (G.S., M.S., D.D., A.O.), Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (A.T., M. Tardieu, K.D.), and Service de Neurologie (M. Theaudin), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bicêtre, National Referral Center for Neurovascular Malformations in Children, Le Kremlin Bicêtre Cedex, France.AbstractBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Few published data are available concerning the risk of re-bleeding of spinal cord AVM after an hematomyelia and concerning the long-term clinical outcome. Our aim was to assess the risk of recurrence and long-term clinical outcome after hematomyelia in children with spinal cord AVMs.
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol.2014 Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Few published data are available concerning the risk of re-bleeding of spinal cord AVM after an hematomyelia and concerning the long-term clinical outcome. Our aim was to assess the risk of recurrence and long-term clinical outcome after hematomyelia in children with spinal c
PMID 24627450

High cervical arteriovenous fistulas fed by dural and spinal arteries and draining into a single medullary vein.

Onda K1, Yoshida Y, Watanabe K, Arai H, Okada H, Terada T.Author information 1Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata Neurosurgical Hospital, Yamada, Niigata; and.AbstractObject The authors previously reported a case of complex arteriovenous fistula (AVF) at C-1 with multiple dural and spinal feeders that were linked with a common medullary venous channel. The purpose of the present study was to collect similar cases and analyze their angioarchitecture to gain a better understanding of this malformation. Methods Three such cases, affecting 2 males and 1 female in their 60s who had presented with hematomyelia (2) or progressive myelopathy (1), were treated surgically, and the operative findings from all 3 cases were compared using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to determine the angioarchitecture. Results The C-1 and C-2 radicular arteries and anterior and posterior spinal arteries supplied feeders to a single medullary draining vein in various combinations and via various routes. The drainage veins ran along the affected ventral nerve roots and lay ventral to the spinal cord. The sites of shunting to the vein were multiple: dural, along the ventral nerve root in the subarachnoid space, and on the spinal cord, showing a vascular structure typical of dural AVF, that is, a direct arteriovenous shunt near the spinal root sleeve fed by one or more dural arteries and ending in a single draining vein, except for intradural shunts fed by feeders from the spinal arteries. In 2 cases with hemorrhagic onset the drainer flowed rostrally, and in 1 case associated with congestive myelopathy the drainer flowed both rostrally and caudally. Preoperative determination of the shunt sites and feeding arteries was difficult because of complex recruitment of the feeders and multiple shunt sites. The angioarchitecture in these cases was clarified postoperatively by meticulous comparison of the DSA images and operative video. Direct surgical intervention led to a favorable outcome in all 3 cases. Conclusions A high cervical complex AVF has unique angioarchitectural characteristics different from those seen in the other spinal regions.
Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.J Neurosurg Spine.2014 Mar;20(3):256-64. doi: 10.3171/2013.11.SPINE13402. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
Object The authors previously reported a case of complex arteriovenous fistula (AVF) at C-1 with multiple dural and spinal feeders that were linked with a common medullary venous channel. The purpose of the present study was to collect similar cases and analyze their angioarchitecture to gain a bett
PMID 24438426

Japanese Journal

Takayasu's Arteritis Complicated With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Hematomyelia : Case Report

HYUN Seung-Jae,HWANG Sung-Nam,NAM Taek-Kyun,PARK Seung-Won,BYUN Jun-Soo
Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 51(2), 119-122, 2011-02-15
… Spine magnetic resonance imaging was taken because of prominent right hand muscle atrophy on the 14th hospital day, which showed subacute stage of hematomyelia in the cervical cord and conus medullaris. … Aneurysmal or non-aneurysmal SAH is rare in patients with Takayasus arteritis but SAH with coincidental hematomyelia is even more unusual. … This case emphasizes the rarity of the coincidental spinal hematomyelia and its importance in the differential diagnosis. …
NAID 10028104907