チオシアン酸グアニジン

関: GTC

WordNet

a salt of thiocyanic acid; formed when alkaline cyanides are fused with sulfur

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/03 06:45:24」(JST)

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Guanidinium thiocyanate (GITC) is a chemical compound used as a general protein denaturant, being a chaotropic agent, although it is most commonly used in the extraction of DNA and RNA.^[1]

Note: this compound may also be recognized as guanidine thiocyanate. This is because guanidinium is the conjugate acid of guanidine and is called the guanidinium cation, [CH₆N₃]⁺.

Guanidinium thiocyanate can be used to deactivate a virus, such as the influenza virus that caused the 1918 "Spanish flu", so that it can be studied safely. This application is presumably based on its denaturation activity.

Guanidinium thiocyanate is also used to lyse cells and virus particles in RNA and DNA extractions, where its function, in addition to its lysing action, is to prevent activity of RNase enzymes and DNase enzymes by denaturing them. These enzymes would otherwise damage the extract.

A commonly used method is guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. It is not strictly necessary to use phenol or chloroform if extracting RNA for Northern blotting or DNA for Southern blot analysis because the gel electrophoresis followed by transfer to a membrane will separate the RNA/DNA from the proteins. Additionally, since these methods use probes to bind to their conjugates, peptides that get through the process don't generally matter unless a peptide is an RNase or DNase, and then only if the enzyme manages to renature, which should not occur if proper protocols are followed. A possible exception might be when working with temperature extremophiles because some enzymes of these organisms can remain stable under extraordinary circumstances.^[2]

References

^ "The hydration structure of guanidinium and thiocyanate ions: Implications for protein stability in aqueous solution".
^ "Properties and reaction mechanism of the bioluminescence system of the deep-sea shrimp Oplophorus gracilorostris.".

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English Journal

Impact of Milk Components on Recovery of Viral RNA from MS2 Bacteriophage.

Yavarmanesh M, Abbaszadegan M, Alum A, Mortazavi A, Habibi Najafi MB, Bassami MR, Nassiri MR.SourceDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, yavarmanesh@um.ac.ir.
Food and environmental virology.Food Environ Virol.2013 Feb 22. [Epub ahead of print]
Noroviruses are responsible for approximately 44 % of outbreaks involving dairy products for which causative agents are reported. Recovery of viruses from milk and dairy products is a difficult task. The role of different components of milk in the recovery of viral RNA was evaluated in this study.
PMID 23430411

Development of a rapid total nucleic acid extraction method for the isolation of hepatitis A virus from fresh produce.

Hida K, Kulka M, Papafragkou E.SourceDivision of Molecular Biology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
International journal of food microbiology.Int J Food Microbiol.2013 Feb 15;161(3):143-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.12.007. Epub 2012 Dec 28.
Recently, there have been increasing reports of foodborne illnesses associated with the consumption of fresh produce. Among these, hepatitis A virus (HAV) remains epidemiologically important and has been continually implicated in several outbreaks. We describe a rapid method (<8h) for the isolati
PMID 23334093

Methods of sperm DNA extraction for genetic and epigenetic studies.

Griffin J.SourceAndrology and IVF Laboratories, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. jeanine.griffin@hsc.utah.edu
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2013;927:379-84.
High quality DNA extractions developed for mammalian somatic cells are ineffective for sperm, due mainly to the high degree of nuclear compaction in sperm. The highly specialized nuclear proteins in sperm create a chromatin structure that is at least six times denser than histone bound DNA. Unlike s
PMID 22992929

Japanese Journal

〈Original Papers〉Eleocharis viviparaからの効率的RNA抽出法の検討

原田大士朗,泉井桂,秋田求
Memoirs of the Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology of Kinki University 30, 49-60, 2012-09
… For this plant conventional methods such as the guanidine thiocyanate method and SDS-phenol method which are applicable to large scale preparation were not successful. …
NAID 120004898789

N719色素増感太陽電池における色素/酸化チタン界面のその場観察(TFT(有機,酸化物),一般)

庄子優樹,伊藤瑛基,吉田知恵 [他],中嶋節男,鈴木貴彦,廣瀬文彦
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. ED, 電子デバイス 112(5), 41-45, 2012-04-11
… そこで電解液にNCSを過飽和にして、NCS脱離を抑制するためにGuanidine thiocyanateを添加し同様の評価を行ったところ、添加後では添加前と比べNCSの減少割合が小さくなる傾向があることが分かった。 …
NAID 110009564217

Effects of 1,3-Alkylimidazolium Iodide on Electrolytes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

松好弘明,冨田晴雄,西野仁,阪本浩規,真鍋享平,佐々木博一
Electrochemistry 79(12), 943-946, 2011
… The influence of guanidine thiocyanate was examined for the electrolyte of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide. …
NAID 130002150451

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「GTC」「チオシアン酸グアニジン」

「GTC」

Guanidinium thiocyanate
Identifiers
CAS Number	593-84-0
ChemSpider	58557
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	65046
	InChI InChI=1S/CH5N3.CHNS/c2-1(3)4;2-1-3/h(H5,2,3,4);3H Key: ZJYYHGLJYGJLLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/CH5N3.CHNS/c2-1(3)4;2-1-3/h(H5,2,3,4);3H Key: ZJYYHGLJYGJLLN-UHFFFAOYAS ;
	SMILES N#CS.[N@H]=C(N)N ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H6N4S
Molar mass	118.16084
Hazards
Safety data sheet	External MSDS
EU classification (DSD)	Xn N
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

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チオシアン酸グアニジン

関: guanidine thiocyanate

「チオシアン酸グアニジン」

　　[★]

英: guanidine thiocyanate、GTC

[1] "The hydration structure of guanidinium and thiocyanate ions: Implications for protein stability in aqueous solution".

[2] "Properties and reaction mechanism of the bioluminescence system of the deep-sea shrimp Oplophorus gracilorostris.".

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案内

guanidine thiocyanate