WordNet
- cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques; "The Bordeaux region produces great red wines"; "They produce good ham in Parma"; "We grow wheat here"; "We raise hogs here" (同)raise, farm, produce
- come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); "He grew a beard"; "The patient developed abdominal pains"; "I got funny spots all over my body"; "Well-developed breasts" (同)develop, produce, get, acquire
- become attached by or as if by the process of growth; "The tree trunks had grown together"
- become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; "The problem grew too large for me"; "Her business grew fast"
- cause to grow or develop; "He grows vegetables in his backyard"
- increase in size by natural process; "Corn doesnt grow here"; "In these forests, mushrooms grow under the trees"; "her hair doesnt grow much anymore"
- (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children" (同)growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis
- (pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
- a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture"
- something grown or growing; "a growth of hair"
- vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass"
- a component of a mixture that has been separated by a fractional process
- the quotient of two rational numbers
- a small part or item forming a piece of a whole
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『成長する』,育つ,〈植物が〉生える,茂る / (類・量・程などにおいて)『増大する』,大きくなる / 『しだいになる』 / …‘を'成長させる,大きくする,育てる / …から生じる(起こる)
- 〈U〉(…の)『成長』,発育;『発達』,発展《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(数・量,重要性・力などの)『増加』,増大,拡張《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《修飾語[句]を伴って》栽培,生産,…産 / 〈C〉成育した物,(草,木,髪,ひげなどの)生えたもの / 〈C〉腫瘍(しゅよう)
- 『破片』,断片;(…の)一部,わずか《+『of』+『名』》 / 『分数』
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The chronic toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnCl2 to Daphnia magna and the use of different methods to assess nanoparticle aggregation and dissolution.
- Adam N, Schmitt C, Galceran J, Companys E, Vakurov A, Wallace R, Knapen D, Blust R.Author information Department of Biology (Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research), University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium.AbstractAbstract In this study, the effect of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnCl2 on growth, reproduction and accumulation of zinc in Daphnia magna was determined in a 21-day chronic toxicity test. A variety of techniques were used to distinguish the free zinc ion, dissolved, nanoparticle and aggregated zinc fraction in the Daphnia test medium. The results showed similar chronic effects on growth, reproduction and accumulation for the ZnO nanoparticles (EC10, 20, 50 reproduction: 0.030, 0.049, 0.112 mg Zn/l) and the ZnCl2 (EC10, 20, 50 reproduction: 0.014, 0.027, 0.082 mg Zn/l). A large fraction of the nanoparticles rapidly dissolved after introduction in the exposure medium. Aggregation of nanoparticles was also observed but within 48 h of exposure most of these ZnO aggregates were dissolved. Based on the combined dissolution kinetics and toxicity results, it can be concluded that the toxicological effects of ZnO nanoparticles at the chronic level can be largely attributed to the dissolved fraction rather than the nanoparticles or initially formed aggregates.
- Nanotoxicology.Nanotoxicology.2014 Nov;8:709-17. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.822594. Epub 2013 Jul 29.
- Abstract In this study, the effect of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnCl2 on growth, reproduction and accumulation of zinc in Daphnia magna was determined in a 21-day chronic toxicity test. A variety of techniques were used to distinguish the free zinc ion, dissolved, nanoparticle and aggregated zinc fracti
- PMID 23837602
- microRNA-122 down-regulation may play a role in severe myocardial fibrosis in human aortic stenosis through TGF-β1 up-regulation.
- Beaumont J1, López B1, Hermida N1, Schroen B2, San José G1, Heymans S2, Valencia F3, Gómez-Doblas JJ3, De Teresa E3, Díez J, González A1.Author information 1*Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.2†Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.3‡Division of Cardiology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain.AbstractmiRNAs (microRNAs) have been shown to play a role in myocardial fibrosis. The present study was designed to analyse whether alterations in miRNA expression contribute to the progression of myocardial fibrosis in AS (aortic valve stenosis) patients through up-regulation of the pro-fibrotic factor TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β type 1). Endomyocardial biopsies were obtained from 28 patients with severe AS, and from the necropsies of 10 control subjects. AS patients presented increased myocardial CVF (collagen volume fraction) and TGF-β1 compared with the controls, these parameters being correlated in all patients. Patients were divided into two groups by cluster analysis according to their CVF: SF (severe fibrosis; CVF >15%; n=15) and non-SF (CVF ≤15%; n=13). TGF-β1 was increased in patients with SF compared with those with non-SF. To analyse the involvement of miRNAs in SF, the miRNA expression profile of 10 patients (four with non-SF and six with SF) was analysed showing that 99 miRNAs were down-regulated and 19 up-regulated in the SF patients compared with the non-SF patients. Those miRNAs potentially targeting TGF-β1 were validated by real-time RT (reverse transcription)-PCR in the whole test population, corroborating that miR-122 and miR-18b were down-regulated in patients with SF compared with those with non-SF and the control subjects. Additionally, miR-122 was inversely correlated with the CVF, TGF-β1 and the TGF-β1-regulated PCPE-1 (procollagen C-terminal proteinase enhancer-1) in all patients. Experiments in human fibroblasts demonstrated that miR-122 targets and inhibits TGF-β1. In conclusion, for the first time we show that myocardial down-regulation of miR-122 might be involved in myocardial fibrosis in AS patients, probably through TGF-β1 up-regulation.
- Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2014 Apr 11;126(7):497-506. doi: 10.1042/CS20130538.
- miRNAs (microRNAs) have been shown to play a role in myocardial fibrosis. The present study was designed to analyse whether alterations in miRNA expression contribute to the progression of myocardial fibrosis in AS (aortic valve stenosis) patients through up-regulation of the pro-fibrotic factor TGF
- PMID 24168656
Japanese Journal
- Preparation of hydrogenated diamond-like carbon films using high-density pulsed plasmas of Ar/C
- Copper excess promotes propagation and induces proteomic change in root cultures of Hyoscyamus albus L.
- Monitoring and analyses of substrate surface in first stages of graphene growth in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Related Links
- 1. Int J Cancer. 2010 Apr 1;126(7):1761-9. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24860. Growth fraction as a predictor of response to chemotherapy in node-negative breast cancer. Aleskandarany MA(1), Green AR, Rakha EA, Mohammed RA ...
- I was looking at Ki-67 on wikipedia, and it says, "Ki-67 is an excellent marker to determine the growth fraction of a given cell population. The fraction of Ki-67-positive tumor cells (the Ki-67 labeling index) is often ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- (数学)分数、(整数以外の)有理数。端数
- はした。断片、破片、小部分。ほんの少し
- (化学)留分。(化学)画分
- 分割
- 関
- fractional、fractionate、fractionation、percentage、proportion、rate、ratio
[★]
- (過去: grew-過去分詞: grown)
- 関
- extend、growth、outgrow、outgrowth、stretch
[★]