同: Myochrysine

WordNet

pass, fare, or elapse; of a certain state of affairs or action; "How is it going?"; "The day went well until I got your call"
a time for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else); "its my go"; "a spell of work" (同)spell, tour, turn
be abolished or discarded; "These ugly billboards have to go!"; "These luxuries all had to go under the Khmer Rouge"
a board game for two players who place counters on a grid; the object is to surround and so capture the opponents counters (同)go game
move away from a place into another direction; "Go away before I start to cry"; "The train departs at noon" (同)go away, depart
lead, extend, or afford access; "This door goes to the basement"; "The road runs South" (同)lead
follow a procedure or take a course; "We should go farther in this matter"; "She went through a lot of trouble"; "go about the world in a certain manner"; "Messages must go through diplomatic channels" (同)proceed, move
be awarded; be allotted; "The first prize goes to Mary"; "Her money went on clothes"
be contained in; "How many times does 18 go into 54?"
be or continue to be in a certain condition; "The children went hungry that day"
be ranked or compare; "This violinist is as good as Juilliard-trained violinists go"
be sounded, played, or expressed; "How does this song go again?"
be spent; "All my money went for food and rent"
functioning correctly and ready for action; "all systems are go"
made from or covered with gold; "gold coins"; "the gold dome of the Capitol"; "the golden calf"; "gilded icons" (同)golden, gilded
a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia (同)Au, atomic number 79
coins made of gold
great wealth; "Whilst that for which all virtue now is sold, and almost every vice--almighty gold"--Ben Jonson
something likened to the metal in brightness or preciousness or superiority etc.; "the child was as good as gold"; "she has a heart of gold"
a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) (同)Na, atomic number 11

PrepTutorEJDIC

《方向・場所を表す副詞[句]を伴って》『行く』,動く;(目的地に関係なく)進む,動く / (ある事をしに)『行く』: / 《副詞[句]を伴って》『立ち去る』,出かける,出発する / 〈機械などが〉(順調に)動く / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈事が〉『運ぶ』,進展する / (ある状態に)『なる』,変わる / 《『go』+『名』(『形,過分』)〈補〉》(ある状態の)『ままである』 / (…から…に)向かっている,延びている《+『from』+『名』+『to』+『名』》(進行形にできない) / 〈賞品・財産などが〉(…の)ものとなる,(…の手に)渡る《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈金などが〉(…に)使用される,充当される》+『for』(『on,to』)+『名』》 / 有郊である,役立つ / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈時間が〉過ぎる / 売られる,売れる / なくなる,つぶれる,死ぬ / 《must,can,have toと共に》捨てられる,無用にされる / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(あるべき場所に)位置する,納まる / 〈数量などが〉(…に)等しい《+『to』+『名』》;〈数が〉(…に)含まれる《+『into』+『名』》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》音を出す,鳴る / 始める,行動に移る / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈事が〉(…と)なっている(進行形にできない) / 《『as』+『名』+『go』の形で》普通…である,一般には…である / 《『go』『and』 do》《話》 / …しに行く / (愚かにも,不運にも)…をする / 《単なる強調で》…する / 《『go』『going』『to』 do》 / 《話している人の意志》(…する,させる)『つもりである』 / 《可能性・見込み》(…し)『そうである』 / 《近い未来》(…し)ようとしている / 《『go』 do『ing』》 / 《否定文・疑問文で》…するようなことをする / 《『go』+『名』》(…を,に) / 〈C〉行くこと,去ること,進行 / 〈U〉《話》活力,精力 / 〈C〉《話》試し,試み / 〈C〉《単数形で》(ゲームなどでの)番,順番
『金』,黄金(おうごん) / 《集合的に》『金貨』(gold coins) / 金銭,富,財宝 / 黄金色,金色 / 《しばしば…of goldの形で》(金のように)価値のあるもの;純真,親切 / 『金の』,金製の / 金色の
ソジウム,ナトリウム(金属元素;化学記号はNa)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/08/20 13:48:21」(JST)

wiki en

Sodium aurothiomalate (INN, known in the United States as gold sodium thiomalate) is a gold compound that is used for its immunosuppressive anti-rheumatic effects.^[2]^[3] Along with an orally-administered gold salt, auranofin, it is one of only two gold compounds currently employed in modern medicine.^[4]

Medical uses

It is primarily given once or twice weekly by intramuscular injection for moderate-severe rheumatoid arthritis although it has also proven itself effective in treating tuberculosis.^[5]

Adverse effects

Its most common side effects are digestive (mostly dyspepsia, mouth swelling, nausea, vomiting and taste disturbance), vasomotor (mostly flushing, fainting, dizziness, sweating, weakness, palpitations, shortness of breath and blurred vision) or dermatologic (usually itchiness, rash, local irritation near to the injection site and hair loss) in nature, although conjunctivitis, blood dyscrasias, kidney damage, joint pain, muscle aches/pains and liver dysfunction are also common.^[6] Less commonly, it can cause GI bleeds, dry mucous membranes and gingivitis.^[6] Rarely it can cause: aplastic anaemia, ulcerative enterocolitis, difficulty swallowing, angiooedema, pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, cholestatic jaundice, peripheral neuropathy, Guillain–Barré syndrome, encephalopathy, encephalitis and photosensitivity.^[6]

Pharmacology

Its precise mechanism of action is unknown but is known that it inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins.^[4] It also modulates phagocytic cells and inhibits class II major histocompatibility complex-peptide interactions.^[4] It is also known that it inhibits the following enzymes:^[4]^[7]

Acid phosphatase
Beta-glucuronidase
Elastase
Cathepsin G
Thrombin

History of use

Reports of favorable use of the compound were published in France in 1929 by Jacques Forestier.^[8] The use of gold salts was then a controversial treatment and was not immediately accepted by the international community. Success was found in the treatment of Raoul Dufy's joint pain by the use of gold salts in 1940; "(The treatment) brought in a few weeks such a spectacular sense of healing, that Dufy ... boasted of again having the ability to catch a tram on the move." ^[9]

In popular culture

The compound was used as a poison by a patient's wife in an episode of House ("Clueless", season 2 episode 15).

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "aurothiomalate, sodium, Myochrysine (gold sodium thiomalate) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
^ Jessop, J. D.; O'Sullivan, M. M.; Lewis, P. A.; Williams, L. A.; Camilleri, J. P.; Plant, M. J.; Coles, E. C. (1998). "A long-term five-year randomized controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine, sodium aurothiomalate, auranofin and penicillamine in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis". British journal of rheumatology. 37 (9): 992–1002. PMID 9783766. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/37.9.992.
^ Iqbal, M. S.; Saeed, M.; Taqi, S. G. (2008). "Erythrocyte Membrane Gold Levels After Treatment with Auranofin and Sodium Aurothiomalate". Biological Trace Element Research. 126 (1–3): 56–64. PMID 18649049. doi:10.1007/s12011-008-8184-x.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kean, WF; Kean, IRL (4 June 2008). "Clinical pharmacology of gold". Inflammopharmacology. 16 (3): 112–125. PMID 18523733. doi:10.1007/s10787-007-0021-x.
^ Benedek, TG (January 2004). "The history of gold therapy for tuberculosis.". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 59 (1): 50–89. PMID 15011812. doi:10.1093/jhmas/jrg042.
^ ^a ^b ^c Rossi, S, ed. (2013). Australian Medicines Handbook (2013 ed.). Adelaide: The Australian Medicines Handbook Unit Trust. ISBN 978-0-9805790-9-3.
^ Berners-Price, SJ; Filipovska, A (September 2011). "Gold compounds as therapeutic agents for human diseases.". Metallomics. 3 (9): 863–73. PMID 21755088. doi:10.1039/c1mt00062d.
^ Freyberg, R.H.; et al. (July 1941). "Metabolism, toxicity and manner of action of gold compounds used in the treatment of arthritis. I. Human plasma and synovial fluid concentration and urinary excretion of gold during and following treatment with gold sodium thiomalate, gold sodium thiosulfate, and colloidal gold sulfide". J Clin Invest. 20 (4): 401–412. PMC 435072 . PMID 16694848. doi:10.1172/jci101235.
^ Lamboley, Claude (December 6, 2010). "Deux rhumatisants au soleil du Midi : Renoir et Dufy" [Two rheumatic in the Midi sun: Renoir and Dufy] (PDF). Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier (in French). Montpellier. Retrieved July 7, 2015.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 金治療の主な副作用 major side effects of gold therapy
2. リウマチ性疾患への金化合物の使用 use of gold compounds in rheumatic diseases
3. 乾癬性関節炎の治療 treatment of psoriatic arthritis
4. 関節リウマチにおける薬剤誘発性肺疾患 drug induced lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis
5. 再生不良性貧血：発症機序、臨床症状、診断 aplastic anemia pathogenesis clinical manifestations and diagnosis

English Journal

Phase I dose escalation study of the PKCι inhibitor aurothiomalate for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer.

Mansfield AS1, Fields AP, Jatoi A, Qi Y, Adjei AA, Erlichman C, Molina JR.
Anti-cancer drugs.Anticancer Drugs.2013 Nov;24(10):1079-83. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000009.
Protein kinase C iota (PKCι) is overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers, where it plays a critical role in oncogenesis. The gold compound aurothiomalate (ATM) has been shown to inhibit PKCι signaling and exerts potent antitumor activity in preclinical models. W
PMID 23962904

Conditional pharmacology/toxicology V: ambivalent effects of thiocyanate upon the development and the inhibition of experimental arthritis in rats by aurothiomalate (Myocrysin®) and metallic silver.

Whitehouse M1, Butters D, Vernon-Roberts B.
Inflammopharmacology.Inflammopharmacology.2013 Aug;21(4):291-300. doi: 10.1007/s10787-013-0173-9. Epub 2013 May 19.
This article discusses the bizarre and contrary effects of thiocyanate, the major detoxication product of hydrogen cyanide inhaled from tobacco smoke or liberated from cyanogenic foods, e.g. cassava. Thiocyanate both (1) promotes inflammatory disease in rats and (2) facilitates the anti-inflammatory
PMID 23686086

Protein kinase C iota as a therapeutic target in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.

Kikuchi K1, Soundararajan A, Zarzabal LA, Weems CR, Nelon LD, Hampton ST, Michalek JE, Rubin BP, Fields AP, Keller C.
Oncogene.Oncogene.2013 Jan 17;32(3):286-95. doi: 10.1038/onc.2012.46. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive pediatric cancer exhibiting skeletal-muscle differentiation. New therapeutic targets are required to improve the dismal prognosis for invasive or metastatic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Protein kinase C iota (PKCι) has been shown to have an important role in
PMID 22349825

Japanese Journal

ブシラミンと金製剤

伊藤聡
日本内科学会雑誌 100(10), 2936-2941, 2011-10-10
ブシラミン（BUC）は，わが国の治療ガイドラインでAランクに位置づけられ，RA治療の第一選択薬として有用である．メトトレキサート（MTX）の使用法の改定により今後の動向は変化するだろうが，BUCはMTXとの併用で優れた効果を示すため，抗リウマチ薬として依然重要な位置を占めるであろう．金製剤はガイドラインBランクの薬剤であるが，ヨーロッパではMTXが使用できない場合に，注射用金剤が推奨されている．
NAID 10030390200

症例金チオリンゴ酸ナトリウムによる紅皮症型薬疹の1例

白石研,村上信司,佐山浩二 [他]
皮膚科の臨床 49(8), 927-931, 2007-08
NAID 40015596901

Sublethal concentrations of diverse gold compounds inhibit mammalian cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1)

Omata Yo,Folan Matt,Shaw Melissa,Messer Regina L.,Lockwood Petra E.,Hobbs David,Bouillaguet Serge,Sano Hidehiko,Lewis Jill B.,Wataha John C.
Toxicology in Vitro 20(6), 882-890, 2006-09
… Auranofin is a gold compound that potently inhibits TrxR. … The use of other gold compounds to treat cancer or inflammatory disease may rely on their ability to inhibit TrxR. …
NAID 120000957271

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「金チオリンゴ酸」「myochrysine」
関連記事	「go」「gold」

「金チオリンゴ酸」

Sodium aurothiomalate
Clinical data
Trade names	Myocrisin
AHFS/Drugs.com	Multum Consumer Information
License data	US FDA: Gold_sodium_thiomalate;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B2; US: C (Risk not ruled out); ;
Routes of; administration	Intramuscular
ATC code	M01CB01 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	High
Biological half-life	6-25 days
Excretion	Urine (60-90%), faeces (10-40%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name Sodium 2-(auriosulfanyl)-3-carboxypropanoate;
CAS Number	12244-57-4;
PubChem CID	16760302;
ChemSpider	7827788 ;
UNII	E4768ZY6GM;
ChEBI	CHEBI:35863 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C4H4AuNaO4S
Molar mass	367.939350590
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES [Au+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([S-])CC(=O)O ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H6O4S.Au.Na/c5-3(6)1-2(9)4(7)8;;/h2,9H,1H2,(H,5,6)(H,7,8);;/q;2*+1/p-2 ; Key:LTEMOXGFFHXNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L ;
(verify)

　　[★]

英: aurothiomalate
同: 金チオリンゴ酸ナトリウム sodium aurothiomalate, gold sodium thiomalate
商: シオゾール

副作用

重大な副作用：骨髄抑制(再生不良貧血)

「myochrysine」

　　[★]

同: gold sodium thiomalate

「go」

　　[★]

v.

(過去went-過去分詞gone)行く、進む、し始める、及ぶ、なる

関: advance、become、come、extend、get、navigate、proceed、range、reach、span、turn

「gold」

　　[★]

n.

(元素)金
関: Au、golden

[MSR-1] "aurothiomalate, sodium, Myochrysine (gold sodium thiomalate) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 13 March 2014.

[2] Jessop, J. D.; O'Sullivan, M. M.; Lewis, P. A.; Williams, L. A.; Camilleri, J. P.; Plant, M. J.; Coles, E. C. (1998). "A long-term five-year randomized controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine, sodium aurothiomalate, auranofin and penicillamine in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis". British journal of rheumatology. 37 (9): 992–1002. PMID 9783766. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/37.9.992.

[3] Iqbal, M. S.; Saeed, M.; Taqi, S. G. (2008). "Erythrocyte Membrane Gold Levels After Treatment with Auranofin and Sodium Aurothiomalate". Biological Trace Element Research. 126 (1–3): 56–64. PMID 18649049. doi:10.1007/s12011-008-8184-x.

[mech08-4] Kean, WF; Kean, IRL (4 June 2008). "Clinical pharmacology of gold". Inflammopharmacology. 16 (3): 112–125. PMID 18523733. doi:10.1007/s10787-007-0021-x.

[5] Benedek, TG (January 2004). "The history of gold therapy for tuberculosis.". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 59 (1): 50–89. PMID 15011812. doi:10.1093/jhmas/jrg042.

[AMH-6] Rossi, S, ed. (2013). Australian Medicines Handbook (2013 ed.). Adelaide: The Australian Medicines Handbook Unit Trust. ISBN 978-0-9805790-9-3.

[rsc-7] Berners-Price, SJ; Filipovska, A (September 2011). "Gold compounds as therapeutic agents for human diseases.". Metallomics. 3 (9): 863–73. PMID 21755088. doi:10.1039/c1mt00062d.

[freyberg-8] Freyberg, R.H.; et al. (July 1941). "Metabolism, toxicity and manner of action of gold compounds used in the treatment of arthritis. I. Human plasma and synovial fluid concentration and urinary excretion of gold during and following treatment with gold sodium thiomalate, gold sodium thiosulfate, and colloidal gold sulfide". J Clin Invest. 20 (4): 401–412. PMC 435072 . PMID 16694848. doi:10.1172/jci101235.

[9] Lamboley, Claude (December 6, 2010). "Deux rhumatisants au soleil du Midi : Renoir et Dufy" [Two rheumatic in the Midi sun: Renoir and Dufy] (PDF). Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier (in French). Montpellier. Retrieved July 7, 2015.

v t e Specific antirheumatic products / DMARDs (M01C)
Quinolines	Oxycinchophen
Gold preparations	Sodium aurothiomalate Sodium aurothiosulfate Auranofin Aurothioglucose Aurotioprol
Other	Penicillamine #/Bucillamine Chloroquine #/Hydroxychloroquine Leflunomide Sulfasalazine # antifolate (Methotrexate #) thiopurine (Azathioprine) #
^#WHO-EM ^‡Withdrawn from market Clinical trials: ^†Phase III ^§Never to phase III

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案内

gold sodium thiomalate