関: gliding bacterium

WordNet

(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants (同)bacterium

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グライダー競技

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/10/14 18:21:19」(JST)

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Bacterial gliding is a process whereby a bacterium can move under its own power. This process does not involve the use of flagella, which is a more common means of motility in bacteria.^[1] For many bacteria, the mechanism of gliding is unknown or only partially known, and it seems likely that in fact different bacteria use distinct mechanisms to achieve what is currently referred to as gliding. Gliding is prominent in cyanobacteria, myxobacteria, cytophaga, and flavobacteria.

One mechanism involves using type IV pili in such bacteria as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Myxococcus xanthus. In addition, for Myxococcus xanthus A-motility (one of the two motility mechanisms this bacterium has) two other mechanisms have been proposed, one involving ejection of a polysaccharide slime from nozzles at either end of the body^[2] and the other using "focal adhesion complexes" distributed along the cell body.^[3]^[4]

The gliding motility of Flavobacterium johnsoniae uses a helical track superficially similar to M. xanthus, but via a different mechanism. Here the adhesin SprB is propelled along the cell surface (spiraling from pole to pole), pulling the bacterium along 25 times faster than M. xanthus.^[5]

References

^ McBride, M. . (2001). "Bacterial gliding motility: multiple mechanisms for cell movement over surfaces". Annual Review of Microbiology. 55: 49–75. PMID 11544349. doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.49.
^ Merali, Zeeya (3 April 2006), "Bacteria use slime jets to get around", New Scientist, retrieved 17 January 2010
^ Mignot, T.; Shaevitz, J.; Hartzell, P.; Zusman, D. (2007). "Evidence that focal adhesion complexes power bacterial gliding motility". Science. 315 (5813): 853–856. Bibcode:2007Sci...315..853M. PMID 17289998. doi:10.1126/science.1137223.
^ Sibley, LDI (Oct 2010). "How apicomplexan parasites move in and out of cells". Curr Opin Biotechnol. 21 (5): 592–8. PMC 2947570 . PMID 20580218. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2010.05.009.
^ Nan, Beiyan (2015). "Bacteria that glide with helical tracks". Curr Biol. 24: R169–173. PMID 24556443. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.12.034.

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English Journal

The mercury resistance (mer) operon in a marine gliding flavobacterium, Tenacibaculum discolor 9A5.

Allen RC, Tu YK, Nevarez MJ, Bobbs AS, Friesen JW, Lorsch JR, McCauley JA, Voet JG, Hamlett NV.SourceProgram in Molecular Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA.
FEMS microbiology ecology.FEMS Microbiol Ecol.2013 Jan;83(1):135-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01460.x. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
Genes conferring mercury resistance have been investigated in a variety of bacteria and archaea but not in bacteria of the phylum Bacteroidetes, despite their importance in many environments. We found, however, that a marine gliding Bacteroidetes species, Tenacibaculum discolor, was the predominant
PMID 22816663

Analysis of energy sources for Mycoplasma penetrans gliding motility.

Jurkovic DA, Hughes MR, Balish MF.SourceDepartment of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
FEMS microbiology letters.FEMS Microbiol Lett.2013 Jan;338(1):39-45. doi: 10.1111/1574-6968.12026. Epub 2012 Nov 8.
Mycoplasma penetrans, a potential human pathogen found mainly in HIV-infected individuals, uses a tip structure for both adherence and gliding motility. To improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of M. penetrans gliding motility, we used chemical inhibitors of energy sources associated
PMID 23066969