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symptom consisting of a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
the tissue (covered by mucous membrane) of the jaws that surrounds the bases of the teeth (同)gum
of or relating to the gums
infected and filled with pus; "an abscessed tooth"

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/03/26 18:22:34」(JST)

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Abscesses of the periodontium are localized acute bacterial infections^[1] classified primarily based on location.^[2]

Types

There are four types of abscesses associated with the periodontal tissues:^[1]

gingival abscesses
periodontal abscesses
pericoronal abscesses
combined periodontal/endodontic abscesses

The fourth type will be dealt with in its own article because of its often distinct etiology.

Gingival abscess

A gingival abscess between the lower left canine and first premolar.

An abscess of the periodontal tissue is termed a gingival abscess when the localized, purulent infection involves only the soft gum tissue near the marginal gingiva or the interdental papilla.^[1]

Periodontal abscess

An abscess of the periodontal tissue is termed a periodontal abscess when the localized, purulent infection involves a greater dimension of the gum tissue, extending apically and adjacent to a periodontal pocket.^[1] Such a lesion may contribute to destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.^[2]

Pericoronal abscess

An abscess of the periodontal tissue is termed a pericoronal abscess when the localized, purulent infection exists within the gum tissue surrounding the crown of a partially or fully erupted tooth.^[1] This is also referred to as pericoronitis.

Clinical presentation

All three of these types of abscesses will present as red, swollen lesions that are painful to touch.^[1] They may possess a shiny surface representative of the stretching of the mucosa over the abscess. Pus may be present.

Treatment

Treatment for any of these lesions include incision and drainage, and perhaps inclusion of an antibiotic regimen.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g American Academy of Periodontology (May 2000). "Parameter on acute periodontal diseases. American Academy of Periodontology" (PDF). J. Periodontol. 71 (5 Suppl): 863–6. doi:10.1902/jop.2000.71.5-S.863. PMID 10875694.
^ ^a ^b American Academy of Periodontology (1999). "Consensus report: Abscesses of the Periodontium". Ann. Periodontol. 4 (1): 83. doi:10.1902/annals.1999.4.1.83.

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