WordNet
- pass through a cycle; "This machine automatically cycles"
- an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; "the never-ending cycle of the seasons" (同)rhythm, round
- recur in repeating sequences
- a single complete execution of a periodically repeated phenomenon; "a year constitutes a cycle of the seasons" (同)oscillation
- a periodically repeated sequence of events; "a cycle of reprisal and retaliation"
- a series of poems or songs on the same theme; "Schuberts song cycles"
- cause to go through a recurring sequence; "cycle the laundry in this washing program"
- a horses manner of moving
- a persons manner of walking
- the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『周期』,循環期;一巡り / 周波,サイクル / (英雄・伝説などを扱った)一連の詩(物語) / 『自転車』;三輪車;オートバイ / 自転車に乗る / 循環する,反復する
- 歩きぶり,足どり
- 自転車に乗ること,サイクリング
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/25 11:34:37」(JST)
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A (bipedal) gait cycle is the time period or sequence of events or movements during locomotion in which one foot contacts the ground to when that same foot again contacts the ground, and involves forward propulsion of the centre of gravity. A single gait cycle is also known as a stride.
Each gait cycle or stride has two phases:
- Stance Phase, the phase during which the foot remains in contact with the ground, and the
- Swing Phase, the phase during which the foot is not in contact with the ground.
Contents
- 1 Components of gait cycle
- 2 Terminology
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Components of gait cycle
Phases
Stance Phase :The stance phase is that part of a gait cycle during which the foot remains in contact with the ground. For analyzing gait cycle one foot is taken as reference and the movements of the reference foot are studied. It constitutes of 60 percent of the gait cycle. In stance phase the reference foot undergoes five movements:
- Initial Contact (Heel Strike ): In initial contact, the heel is the first bone of the reference foot to touch the ground.
- Loading Response (Foot Flat): In loading response phase, the weight is transferred onto the referenced leg. It is important for weight-bearing, shock-absorption and forward progression.
- Mid Stance: It involves alignment and balancing of body weight on the reference foot.
- Terminal Stance: In this phase the heel of reference foot rises while the its toe is still in contact with the ground.
- Toe Off (Pre Swing): In this phase, the toe of reference foot rises and swings in air. This is the beginning of the swing phase of the gait cycle.
Swing Phase :The swing phase is that part of the gait cycle during which the reference foot is not in contact with the ground and swings in the air. It constitutes about 40% of gait cycle. It has three parts:
- Initial Swing
- Mid Swing
- Terminal Swing
Support
- Single Support: In single support only one foot is in contact with the ground.
- Double Support: In double support both feet are in contact with the ground.
Terminology
- Step Length: It is defined as the distance between corresponding successive points of heel contact of the opposite feet. In a normal gait, the right step length is equal to left step length.
- Stride Length: It is defined as the distance between any two successive points of heel contact of the same foot. In a normal gait, the stride length is double the step length.
- Walking Base or Stride Width: It is defined as the side-to-side distance between the line of step of the two feet.
- Cadence: It is defined as the number of steps per unit time. In normal gait, cadence is about 100-115 steps per minute. Cadence of a person is subject to various factor.
- Comfortable Walking Speed: It is a characteristic speed at which there is least energy consumption per unit distance. It is about 80 metre per minute in a normal gait.
References
External links
- Medschool.lsuhsc.edu
- Kau.edu.sa
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Effects of heel base size, walking speed, and slope angle on center of pressure trajectory and plantar pressure when wearing high-heeled shoes.
- Luximon Y1, Cong Y2, Luximon A3, Zhang M4.
- Human movement science.Hum Mov Sci.2015 Jun;41:307-19. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2015.04.003. Epub 2015 Apr 21.
- High-heeled shoes are associated with instability and a high risk of fall, fracture, and ankle sprain. This study investigated the effects of heel base size (HBS) on walking stability under different walking speeds and slope angles. The trajectory of the center of pressure (COP), maximal peak pressu
- PMID 25910862
- High and low gamma EEG oscillations in central sensorimotor areas are conversely modulated during the human gait cycle.
- Seeber M1, Scherer R2, Wagner J1, Solis-Escalante T3, Müller-Putz GR4.
- NeuroImage.Neuroimage.2015 May 15;112:318-26. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.045. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
- Investigating human brain function is essential to develop models of cortical involvement during walking. Such models could advance the analysis of motor impairments following brain injuries (e.g., stroke) and may lead to novel rehabilitation approaches. In this work, we applied high-density EEG sou
- PMID 25818687
- A probabilistic approach to quantify the impact of uncertainty propagation in musculoskeletal simulations.
- Myers CA1, Laz PJ, Shelburne KB, Davidson BS.
- Annals of biomedical engineering.Ann Biomed Eng.2015 May;43(5):1098-111. doi: 10.1007/s10439-014-1181-7. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
- Uncertainty that arises from measurement error and parameter estimation can significantly affect the interpretation of musculoskeletal simulations; however, these effects are rarely addressed. The objective of this study was to develop an open-source probabilistic musculoskeletal modeling framework
- PMID 25404535
Japanese Journal
- Gait-based person identification robust against speed variation using CHLAC features and HMMs (パターン認識・メディア理解)
- RASYID AQMAR Muhammad,SHINODA Koichi,FURUI Sadaoki
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. PRMU, パターン認識・メディア理解 110(219), 23-28, 2010-10-01
- … The performance of gait-based person identification is strongly affected by the variations in walking speed. … In our previous study, we have proposed a new framework that is robust against speed variation across gait sequences, which combines the Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA)-based cubic higher-order local auto-correlation (CHLAC) features and the statistical framework provided by hidden Markov models (HMMs). …
- NAID 110008106613
Related Links
- gait cy·cle (gāt sīkĕl) The gait cycle starts when one foot makes contact with the ground and ends when that same foot contacts the ground again. The cycle can be broken down into various phases and periods to determine ...
- Introduction Bipedal walking is an important characteristic of humans.[1] This page will present information about the different phases of the gait cycle and important functions of the foot while walking. Definitions Sandra J. Shultz ...
- The gait cycle is used to describe the complex activity of walking. ... Updated December 15, 2014. Gait is the medical term to describe human locomotion, or the way that we walk. Interestingly, every individual has a unique gait ...
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