- 同
- FID
- 同
- FID
WordNet
- unconstrained or not chemically bound in a molecule or not fixed and capable of relatively unrestricted motion; "free expansion"; "free oxygen"; "a free electron"
- people who are free; "the home of the free and the brave" (同)free people
- free from obligations or duties (同)discharge
- free or remove obstruction from; "free a path across the cluttered floor" (同)disengage
- grant freedom to; free from confinement (同)liberate, release, unloose, unloosen, loose
- not literal; "a loose interpretation of what she had been told"; "a free translation of the poem" (同)loose, liberal
- make (information) available for publication; "release the list with the names of the prisoners" (同)release
- able to act at will; not hampered; not under compulsion or restraint; "free enterprise"; "a free port"; "a free country"; "I have an hour free"; "free will"; "free of racism"; "feel free to stay as long as you wish"; "a free choice"
- not held in servitude; "after the Civil War he was a free man"
- not occupied or in use; "a free locker"; "a free lane"
- undergo decay or decomposition; "The body started to decay and needed to be cremated"
- fall into decay or ruin; "The unoccupied house started to decay" (同)crumble, dilapidate
- a gradual decrease; as of stored charge or current (同)decline
- the organic phenomenon of rotting (同)decomposition
- the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance along with the emission of ionizing radiation (同)radioactive decay, disintegration
- an inferior state resulting from the process of decaying; "the corpse was in an advanced state of decay"; "the house had fallen into a serious state of decay and disrepair"
- the process of gradually becoming inferior
- an electrical phenomenon whereby an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in a closed circuit by a change in the flow of current (同)inductance
- the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time); "the induction of an anesthetic state"
- damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless; "rotten floor boards"; "rotted beams"; "a decayed foundation" (同)rotten, rotted
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (束縛された状態になく)『自由な』,自由の身の / (国家・国民などが)『独立している』 / (思想・行為などが)強制されない,自発的な / (動作が)拘束されない,無理のない / 《補語にのみ用いて》(苦痛・制約などを)『免れている』,(誤り・偏見などの)ない《+『from』(『of』)+『名』》 / 《補語にのみ用いて》《『be free to』do》『自由に』…『できる』 / (仕事から)解放された,暇になった;(部屋などが)使用されていない,空いた / 『無料の』;無税の / 出し惜しみしない / 遠慮のない,慎みがない / (道路などが)障害のない,自由に通れる / 固定していない,離れた / 無料で / 自由に,妨げられずに(freely) / (…から)〈人・国など〉‘を'『自由にする』,解放する《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / (困難などから)〈人〉‘を'救う《+『名』+『form』+『名』》 / (障害などを)〈人・物〉‘から'取り除く《+『名』+『of』(『from』)+『名』》 / (物を)…‘から'片付ける,外す《+『名』+『of』+『名』》
- 『腐る』,朽ちる / 〈繁栄・健康などが〉『衰える』,衰退する;〈活力などが〉低下する / 〈他〉 / …'を'『腐らせる』 / 『腐敗』;腐朽 / 『衰微』,衰え / (放射性物質の)自然崩壊
- 〈C〉《米》募兵 / 〈C〉(聖職・公職などへの)就任,就任式 / 〈U〉〈C〉(…を)引き起こすこと《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(電気の)誘導 / 〈U〉〈C〉(論理学・数学で)帰納,帰納法
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/12/05 04:20:34」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Free Induction Decay (FID) nuclear magnetic resonance signal seen from a well shimmed sample.
In Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, free induction decay (FID) is the observable NMR signal generated by non-equilibrium nuclear spin magnetization precessing about the magnetic field (conventionally along z). This non-equilibrium magnetization can be induced, generally by applying a pulse of resonant radio-frequency close to the Larmor frequency of the nuclear spins.[1]
If the magnetization vector has a non-zero component in the xy plane, then the precessing magnetisation will induce a corresponding oscillating voltage in a detection coil surrounding the sample.[2] This time-domain signal is typically digitised and then Fourier transformed in order to obtain a frequency spectrum of the NMR signal i.e. the NMR spectrum.[3]
The duration of the NMR signal is ultimately limited by T2 relaxation, but mutual interference of the different NMR frequencies present also causes the signal to be damped more quickly. When NMR frequencies are well-resolved, as is typically the case in the NMR of samples in solution, the overall decay of the FID is relaxation-limited and the FID is approximately exponential (with the time constant T2 changed, indicated by T2*).[4][5] FID durations will then be of the order of seconds for nuclei such as 1H. If NMR lineshapes are not relaxation-limited (as is commonly the case in solid-state NMR), then the NMR signal will generally decay much more quickly e.g. microseconds for 1H NMR.
Particularly if a limited number of frequency components are present, the FID may be analysed directly for quantitative determinations of physical properties, such as hydrogen content in aviation fuel, solid and liquid ratio in dairy products (time-domain NMR).
References
- ^ Hopf, Frederic A.; Shea, Robert F.; Scully, Marlan O. "Theory of Optical Free-Induction Decay and Two-Photon Superradiance". Physical Review A. 7 (6): 2105–2110. Bibcode:1973PhRvA...7.2105H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.7.2105.
- ^ Joseph P. Hornak. "The Basics of MRI". Rochester Institute of Technology. Chapter 4: NMR SPECTROSCOPY.
- ^ Duer, Melinda J. Introduction to Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Blackwell Publishing, 2004, p. 43-58.
- ^ Richard G. Brewer; R. L. Shoemaker (2001). "Optical Free Induction Decay". IBM Research Laboratory. 6: 2001–2007. Bibcode:1972PhRvA...6.2001B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.6.2001.
- ^ Abdelrahim A, Hassanein HR, Dahaba M (December 2013). "Effect Of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field On Healing: A Preliminary Clinical Study.". Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
- 1. 若年成人における急性骨髄性白血病に対する導入療法induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in younger adults [show details]
… [HR] 0.90) and disease-free survival (HR 0.88), increased the CR rate (relative risk [RR] 1.04) and reduced the relapse rate (RR 0.88), but increased the risk of death during induction (RR 1.18) and severe …
- 2. 多嚢胞性卵巣症候群における排卵誘発のための腹腔鏡下手術laparoscopic surgery for ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome [show details]
… ovulation induction with oral agents such as clomiphene or letrozole (off-label use for ovulation induction) is the first line of medical therapy.… non-responders. However, some studies found that LH/FSH ratio <2, testosterone levels >4.5 nmol/L, and free androgen index >15 were associated with a poorer response. Ultrasonographic appearance of the ovaries …
- 3. 成人におけるフィラデルフィア染色体陽性急性リンパ芽球性白血病に対する導入療法induction therapy for philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults [show details]
…and event-free survival (42 versus 32 percent) at five years ; Examples of TKI-containing induction regimens for Ph+ ALL include: The "EWALL backbone" of dasatinib plus low intensity induction with vincristine …
- 4. 成人への心臓移植後に行う免疫抑制療法の導入期と維持期induction and maintenance of immunosuppressive therapy in cardiac transplantation in adults [show details]
…transplantation . However, the overall utility of induction is uncertain and data comparing induction protocols are limited. The decreased early rejection observed with induction therapy may be negated by an increase …
- 5. 小細胞肺癌に対する集学的治療における外科手術の役割role of surgery in multimodality therapy for small cell lung cancer [show details]
…among uranium miners, probably due to exposure to radioactive radon, which is a byproduct of uranium decay . SCLC is distinguished from NSCLC by its rapid growth characteristics and the early development … The potential role of surgical resection following induction chemotherapy remains uncertain.… 12 of 23 remained disease and event-free with follow-up ranging from 34 to 75 months.…
English Journal
- Physical characterisation of high amylose maize starch and acylated high amylose maize starches.
- Lim YM1, Hoobin P2, Ying D3, Burgar I2, Gooley PR4, Augustin MA3.
- Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2015 Mar 6;117:279-85. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.068. Epub 2014 Oct 7.
- The particle size, water sorption properties and molecular mobility of high amylose maize starch (HAMS) and high amylose maize starch acylated with acetate (HAMSA), propionate (HAMSP) and butyrate (HAMSB) were investigated. Acylation increased the mean particle size (D4,3) and lowered the specific g
- PMID 25498636
- He-Ne laser preillumination improves the resistance of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) seedlings to high saline conditions.
- Gao LM1, Li YF, Han R.
- Protoplasma.Protoplasma.2014 Dec 30. [Epub ahead of print]
- In this paper, we explored the protective effect and physiochemical mechanism of He-Ne laser preillumination in enhancement of tall fescue seedlings tolerance to high salt stress. The results showed that salt stress greatly reduced plant growth, plant height, biomass, leaf development, ascorbate aci
- PMID 25547962
- Oxidative stress-dependent activation of the eIF2α-ATFr unfolded protein response branch by skin sensitizer 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene modulates dendritic-like cell maturation and inflammatory status in a biphasic manner.
- Luís A1, Martins JD2, Silva A3, Ferreira I3, Cruz MT2, Neves BM4.
- Free radical biology & medicine.Free Radic Biol Med.2014 Dec;77:217-29. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.09.008. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
- The pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis, the most common manifestation of immunotoxicity in humans, is intimately connected to hapten-induced maturation of dendritic cells (DC). The molecular mechanisms driving this maturational program are not completely known; however, initial danger signa
- PMID 25236743
Japanese Journal
- Coupled circuit numerical analysis of eddy currents in an open MRI system
- Akram Md. Shahadat Hossain,Terada Yasuhiko,Ishi Keiichiro,Kose Katsumi
- Journal of magnetic resonance 245, 1-11, 2014-08
- … We have also conducted free induction decay (FID) experiments of eddy fields using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe to verify our simulation results. …
- NAID 120005477930
- 光ポンピング原子磁気センサを用いた超低磁場MRIに向けた自由減衰振動MR信号計測
- 笈田 武範,小林 哲生
- 電気学会研究会資料. MAG, マグネティックス研究会 2012(160), 1-4, 2012-12-06
- NAID 10031142012
- Instantaneous vibrational frequencies of diffusing and desorbing adsorbates: CO/Pt(111).
- Inoue Ken-ichi,Watanabe Kazuya,Matsumoto Yoshiyasu
- The Journal of chemical physics 137(2), 2012-07
- … Without pump pulses at 400 nm, the inverse Fourier transformation of the vibrational response function reveals a free induction decay of vibrational polarization of C-O stretching created by a short infrared pulse. … The free induction decay is perturbed when an intense 400-nm pump pulse following the infrared pulse is irradiated, because diffusion and desorption of CO are induced by the pump pulse. …
- NAID 120004770241
Related Links
- ... (90 ) = 1.0) The signal unaffected by any gradient is known as a Free Induction Decay (FID). The time constant that determines the rate of decay is called T2. An FID has no positional information. FID: Free Induction Decay ...
- This page contains information, links to basics and news resources about Free Induction Decay, furthermore the related entries: SHORT Repetition Technique Based on Free Induction Decay, Contrast Enhanced Gradient Echo ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 腐食する
- 衰える、減衰する。(理)(放射性物質・素粒子・原子核が)(自然)崩壊する
- 腐食、腐朽、腐敗。(歯の)齲蝕、むしば。腐食部、腐敗した物質
- 減衰、衰弱、衰退、老朽化。(理)(放射性物質・素粒子・原子核の)崩壊。(電流の)減少、(磁束の)減衰、(電荷などの)消失。
[★]
- 遊離の、遊離型の、自由な、無料の、フリーの、取り除く、(接尾辞的に用いて;~を)含まない
- 関
- ad lib、ad libitum、deprive、disengage、free form、free of charge、freedom、freely、liberate、liberation、obviate、omit、release、remove、strip、withdraw
[★]
- 引き入れること、誘導、導入。(電)誘導。感応、誘発。(発)誘導。(生化)誘導。(医)陣痛/分娩誘発
- 関
- challenge、derivation、elicit、elicitation、guidance、induce、inductive、introduce、introduction、precipitate、provocation、provoke、spark