眼窩下孔
WordNet
- a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure (同)hiatus
- marine microorganism having a calcareous shell with openings where pseudopods protrude (同)foraminifer
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (骨・植物などの)孔(こう),開口
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/08/21 21:35:36」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Infraorbital foramen |
The skull from the front. (Infraorbital foramen labeled at center right, under the eye.)
|
Articulation of nasal and lacrimal bones with maxilla. (Infraorbital foramen labeled at left.)
|
Details |
Latin |
Foramen infraorbitale |
Identifiers |
Gray's |
p.158 |
TA |
A02.1.12.008 |
FMA |
57718 |
Anatomical terms of bone |
In human anatomy, the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an opening in the maxillary bone of the skull located below the infraorbital margin (IOM) of the orbit (eye socket). It allows passage for the infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve which are branches of the maxillary branch (V2) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The IOF-IOM distance varies between 6.10 to 10.9 mm (0.240 to 0.429 in).[1] Forming the exterior end of the infraorbital canal, the infraorbital foramen communicates with the infraorbital groove, the canal's opening on the interior side.
The ramifications of the three principal branches of the trigeminal nerve — at the supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental foramina — are distributed on a vertical line (in anterior view) passing through the middle of the pupil. The infraorbital foramina is used as a pressure point to test the sensitivity of the infraorbital nerve.[2] Palpation of the infraorbital foramen during an extraoral examination or an administration of a local anesthetic agent will cause soreness to the area.[3]
Contents
- 1 See also
- 2 Additional images
- 3 References
- 4 External links
See also
Additional images
|
A Grizzly bear's skull with the left infraorbital foramina clearly visible
|
|
1 Foramen ethmoidale, 2 Canalis opticus, 3 Fissura orbitalis superior, 4 Fossa sacci lacrimalis, 5 Sulcus infraorbitalis, 6 Fissura orbitalis inferior, 7 Foramen infraorbitale
|
|
References
- ^ Macedo, VC; Cabrini, RR; Faig-Leite, H (2009). "Infraorbital foramen location in dry human skulls" (PDF). Braz. J. Morphol. Sci. 26 (1): 35–38.
- ^ Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. p. 336. ISBN 3-13-533305-1.
- ^ Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 55
External links
- cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
- Anatomy photo:29:os-0506 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center (closeup)
- Anatomy figure: 22:02-08 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center (distance)
- Upstate.edu
- Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier
The facial skeleton of the skull
|
|
Maxilla |
Surfaces |
- Anterior: fossae (Incisive fossa, Canine fossa)
- Infraorbital foramen
- Anterior nasal spine
- Infratemporal: Alveolar canals
- Maxillary tuberosity
- Orbital: Infraorbital groove
- Infraorbital canal
- Nasal: Greater palatine canal
|
|
Processes |
- Zygomatic process
- Frontal process (Agger nasi, Anterior lacrimal crest)
- Alveolar process
- Palatine process (Incisive foramen, Incisive canals, Foramina of Scarpa, Incisive bone, Anterior nasal spine)
|
|
Other |
- Body of maxilla
- Maxillary sinus
|
|
|
Zygomatic |
- Orbital process (Zygomatico-orbital)
- Temporal process (Zygomaticotemporal)
- Lateral process (Zygomaticofacial)
|
|
Palatine |
Fossae |
- Pterygopalatine fossa
- Pterygoid fossa
|
|
Plates |
- Horizontal plate (Posterior nasal spine)
- Perpendicular plate (Greater palatine canal, Sphenopalatine foramen)
|
|
Processes |
- Pyramidal
- Orbital
- Sphenoidal
|
|
|
Mandible |
Body |
- external surface (Mandibular symphysis, Lingual foramen, Mental protuberance, Mental foramen, Mandibular incisive canal)
- internal surface (Mental spine, Mylohyoid line, Sublingual fovea, Submandibular fovea)
- Alveolar part of mandible
|
|
Ramus |
- Mylohyoid groove (Mandibular canal, Lingula)
- Mandibular foramen
- Angle
- Coronoid process
- Mandibular notch
- Condyloid process
- Pterygoid fovea
|
|
|
Nose |
- Nasal bone
- Nasal foramina
- Inferior nasal concha
- Maxillary process
- Vomer
|
|
Other |
- Lacrimal
- Posterior lacrimal crest
- Lacrimal groove
- Lacrimal hamulus
|
|
Index of bones and cartilage
|
|
Description |
- Anatomy
- bones
- skull
- face
- neurocranium
- compound structures
- foramina
- upper extremity
- torso
- pelvis
- lower extremity
- Physiology
- Development
- Cells
|
|
Disease |
- Congenital
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Trauma
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
|
|
Foramina of the skull (and canals, fissures, meatus, and hiatus)
|
|
Anterior cranial fossa |
to Orbit: |
|
|
to Nasal cavity: |
- olfactory foramina (CN-I)
- foramen cecum
|
|
|
Middle cranial fossa |
to Orbit: |
- optic canal (CN-II)
- superior orbital fissure (CN-III,IV,V1,VI)
|
|
to Pterygopalatine fossa: |
- foramen rotundum (CN-V2)
- pterygoid canal
|
|
to Infratemporal fossa: |
- foramen ovale (CN-V3)
- foramen spinosum/carotid canal
|
|
other: |
- foramen lacerum
- hiatus for greater petrosal nerve
- hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve
- sphenoidal emissary foramen
|
|
|
Posterior cranial fossa |
- internal auditory meatus/facial canal/stylomastoid foramen (CN-VII,VIII)
- jugular foramen (CN-IX,X,XI)
- foramen magnum (CN-XI)
- hypoglossal canal (CN-XII)
- condylar canal
- mastoid foramen
|
|
Orbit |
to Nasal cavity: |
|
|
to face: |
- supraorbital
- infraorbital
- zygomatic foramen
|
|
to Pterygopalatine fossa: |
|
|
other: |
- Inferior orbital fissure
- Fossa for lacrimal sac
|
|
|
Pterygopalatine fossa |
to Nasal cavity: |
|
|
to Oral cavity: |
- greater palatine canal
- lesser palatine canals
|
|
to Infratemporal fossa: |
|
|
to Nasopharynx: |
|
|
|
to oral cavity: |
- incisive canals
- incisive foramen
|
|
to nasal cavity: |
- Foramen vomerinum
- Meatus vomerinus
- Fissura vomerina
- Hiatus vomerinus
|
|
|
Other |
- external acoustic meatus
- mandibular foramen
- mental foramen
- parietal foramen
- petrotympanic fissure
- semilunar hiatus
|
|
Index of bones and cartilage
|
|
Description |
- Anatomy
- bones
- skull
- face
- neurocranium
- compound structures
- foramina
- upper extremity
- torso
- pelvis
- lower extremity
- Physiology
- Development
- Cells
|
|
Disease |
- Congenital
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Trauma
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- [Treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia with radiofrequency thermocoagulation: report of 648 consecutive cases].
- Liu C1, Zhou ZG, Yuan CY.Author information 1Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China. liuchao2299@163.comAbstractPURPOSE: To analyze the clinical efficacy of radiofrequency thermocoagulation in the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, and discuss the method, skill of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and complications.
- Shanghai kou qiang yi xue = Shanghai journal of stomatology.Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue.2012 Aug;21(4):466-9.
- PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical efficacy of radiofrequency thermocoagulation in the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, and discuss the method, skill of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and complications.METHODS: 648 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia , who were treated by rad
- PMID 23135127
- Anatomy of the cranial nerve foramina in the Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus).
- Yamagiwa D1, Endo H, Nakanishi I, Kusanagi A, Kurohmaru M, Hayashi Y.Author information 1Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan.AbstractIn the present study, we examined the cranial nerve foramina of Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus). There were two distinguishable characters in the cranial nerve foramina compared with terrestrial mammals. One was that the foramen infraorbitale was composed of several holes, but not a single hole. They should therefore be termed foramina infraorbitales. The infraorbital nerves ran through these foramina, went into the 'melon' and then branched in a complicated fashion. The facial nerve innervated the muscles surrounding the melon. A well-developed infraorbital and facial nerve complex may control the melon. Another was the presence of a porus acusticus internus and independent tympano-periotic bone. The separate ear bone forced the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves to exit from the cranial cavity through the porus acusticus internus. The independent ear bone structure may shut off the noise from the cranial bone to the periotic bone with a true receptor of hearing. It may be an adaptation for an acute sense of hearing. Compared with other dolphins, the cranial foramina of Risso's dolphin are definitely separate. The structure of the foramina is similar to that of pilot whales, but not to dolphins, so that Grampus may be closely allied to pilot whales.
- Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft.Ann Anat.1999 May;181(3):293-7.
- In the present study, we examined the cranial nerve foramina of Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus). There were two distinguishable characters in the cranial nerve foramina compared with terrestrial mammals. One was that the foramen infraorbitale was composed of several holes, but not a single hole. T
- PMID 10363112
- Macro-anatomical investigations on the skeletons of porcupine (Hystrix cristata). Part III: skeleton axiale.
- Yilmaz S.Author information Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elaziğ, Turkey.AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the axial skeleton of two porcupines (Hystrix cristata). The important features of the skull, observed in this study are as follows: The zygomatic process of frontal bone (os frontal) was found to be rudimentary, and the infraorbital foramen (for. infraorbitale) was very large. The zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum) has two processes (frontal and temporal) and the zygomatic arch (arcus zygomaticum) was composed of three bones. The dental formulae were 2 (I 1/1, C 0/0, P 1/1, M 3/3) = 20. The angular process (Proc. angularis) of mandible is well developed. The vertebral formula was found as C7, T15, L4, S4, Ca12. All of cervical vertebrae had the transverse foramen (for. transversarium). The first eleven spinous processes (proc. spinosus) of thoracic vertebrae were caudally-sloped, the twelfth as the anticlin vertebrae and the last three were directed cranially. Hemal arches (or ossa arcus hemalis) were presented as separate bones which articulate with the ventral surfaces of the caudal ends of the bodies of the second, third and fourth caudal vertebrae.
- Anatomia, histologia, embryologia.Anat Histol Embryol.1998 Oct;27(5):293-6.
- The aim of this study was to investigate the axial skeleton of two porcupines (Hystrix cristata). The important features of the skull, observed in this study are as follows: The zygomatic process of frontal bone (os frontal) was found to be rudimentary, and the infraorbital foramen (for. infraorbita
- PMID 9818446
Japanese Journal
- ニホンカモシカ(Capricornis crispus)の骨格に関する研究-4-頭蓋(頭蓋骨・顔面骨)について
Related Links
- in·fra·or·bit·al fo·ra·men [TA] the external opening of the infraorbital canal, on the anterior surface of the body of the maxilla. Synonym(s): foramen infraorbitale [TA] infraorbital foramen Etymology: L, infra, below, orbita, wheeltrack, foramen, ...
- foramen [fo-ra´men] (pl. fora´mina) (L.) a natural opening or passage, especially one into or through a bone. aortic foramen aortic hiatus. apical foramen an opening at or near the apex of the root of a tooth. auditory foramen, external the external acoustic meatus.
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- infraorbital foramen
- ラ
- foramen infraorbitale
[★]
孔
- 関
- foramina、hole、vent