出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/12 04:29:15」(JST)
| Flexor pollicis longus muscle | |
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Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles. (Flexor pollicis longus is shown in blue)
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| Details | |
| Origin | The middle 2/4 of the anterior surface of the radius and the adjacent interosseus membrane. |
| Insertion | The base of the distal phalanx of the thumb |
| Artery | Anterior interosseus artery |
| Nerve | Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve) (C8, T1) |
| Actions | Flexion of the thumb. |
| Antagonist | Extensor pollicis longus muscle, Extensor pollicis brevis muscle |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | Musculus flexor pollicis longus |
| Dorlands /Elsevier |
m_22/12549138 |
| TA | A04.6.02.037 |
| FMA | 38481 |
| Anatomical terms of muscle
[edit on Wikidata]
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The flexor pollicis longus (FPL, Latin flexor, bender; pollicis, of the thumb; longus, long) (/ˈflɛksər ˈpɒlᵻsᵻs ˈlɒŋɡəs/)) is a muscle in the forearm and hand that flexes the thumb. It lies in the same plane as the flexor digitorum profundus.
This muscle is unique to humans, being "either rudimentary or absent" in other primates.[1]
It arises from the grooved anterior (side of palm) surface of the body of the radius, extending from immediately below the radial tuberosity and oblique line to within a short distance of the pronator quadratus muscle.[2] An occasionally present accessory long head of the flexor pollicis longus muscle is called 'Gantzer's muscle'. It may cause compression of the anterior interosseous nerve.
It arises also from the adjacent part of the interosseous membrane of the forearm, and generally by a fleshy slip from the medial border of the coronoid process of the ulna.[2] In 40 per cent of cases, it is also inserted from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and in those cases a tendinous connection with the humeral head of the flexor digitorum superficialis is present.[3]
The fibers end in a flattened tendon, which passes beneath the flexor retinaculum of the hand through the carpal tunnel. It is then lodged between the lateral head of the flexor pollicis brevis and the oblique part of the adductor pollicis, and, entering an osseoaponeurotic canal similar to those for the flexor tendons of the fingers, is inserted into the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb.[2]
The anterior interosseous nerve (a branch of the median nerve) and the anterior interosseous artery and vein pass downward on the front of the interosseous membrane between the flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus.[2]
Injuries to tendons are particularly difficult to recover from due to the limited blood supply they receive.
The flexor pollicis longus is a flexor of the phalanges of the thumb; when the thumb is fixed, it assists by flexing the wrist.[2]
The flexor pollicis longus is supplied by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve (C5-T1).[4]
Slips may connect with flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, flexor digitorum profundus muscle (resulting in the syndrome of Linburg-Comstock),[5] or the pronator teres muscle. An additional tendon to the index finger is sometimes found.[2]
Modern humans are unique among hominids in having a flexor pollicis longus (FPL) muscle belly that is separate from that of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP). While the FPL is not a separate muscle belly in extant great apes, a distinct tendon from the FDP belly might be present. In some individuals this tendon tend to act more like a ligament which restricts extension of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb. In orangutans there is a tendon similar in insertion and function to the FPL in humans, but which has an intrinsic origin on the oblique head of the adductor pollicis. [6]
Lesser apes (i.e. gibbons) and Old World monkeys (e.g. baboons) share an extrinsic FPL muscle tendon with humans. In most lesser apes the FPL belly is separate from the FDP belly, but in baboons the FPL tendon bifurcates from the FDP tendon at the wrist within the carpal tunnel and, because of the lack of differentiation in both the FDP and FPL musculature, it is unlikely that baboons can control individual digits independently. [6]
| This section contains a gallery of images. Galleries containing indiscriminate images of the article subject are discouraged; please improve or remove the section accordingly, moving freely licensed images to Wikimedia Commons if not already hosted there. (May 2015) |
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This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
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| リンク元 | 「長母指屈筋」 |
| 関連記事 | 「flex」「long」「flexor」「longus」「muscle」 |
浅指屈筋、深指屈筋、長母指屈筋