WordNet

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified; "a long life"; "a long boring speech"; "a long time"; "a long friendship"; "a long game"; "long ago"; "an hour long"
(of speech sounds or syllables) of relatively long duration; "the English vowel sounds in `bate, `beat, `bite, `boat, `boot are long"
for an extended distance
for an extended time or at a distant time; "a promotion long overdue"; "something long hoped for"; "his name has long been forgotten"; "talked all night long"; "how long will you be gone?"; "arrived long before he was expected"; "it is long after your bedtime"
having or being more than normal or necessary:"long on brains"; "in long supply"
holding securities or commodities in expectation of a rise in prices; "is long on coffee"; "a long position in gold"
involving substantial risk; "long odds"
of relatively great height; "a race of long gaunt men"- Sherwood Anderson; "looked out the long French windows"
primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified; "a long road"; "a long distance"; "contained many long words"; "ten miles long"
make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(距離・物の長さが)『長い』 / (時間が)『長い』,長く続く / 《時間・距離などを表離などを表す語を伴って》長さが…の / 『長々しい』,あきあきする / (数量が標準よりも)『多い』,長い / (人が)やせてひょろ長い / 長く,長い間,久しく / …じゅう / ずっと(前に,後に) / 長い間
『熱望する』
〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/30 23:56:26」(JST)

wiki en

In human anatomy, the peroneus longus (also known as fibularis longus) is a superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg, and acts to evert and plantar flex the ankle.

The muscle, the longest and most superficial of the three fibularis muscles, is attached proximally to the head of the fibula and its 'belly' runs down most of this bone. It becomes a tendon that goes posteriorly around the lateral malleolus of the ankle, then continues under the foot to attach to the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal.

Etymology

The terms Peroneus (i.e., Longus and Brevis) and Peroneal (i.e., Artery, Retinaculum) are derived from the Greek word Perone (pronounced Pair-uh-knee) meaning pin of a brooch or a buckle. In medical terminology, both terms refer to being of or relating to the fibula or to the outer portion of the leg.

Origin and insertion

It arises from the head and upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the body of the fibula, from the deep surface of the fascia, and from the intermuscular septa between it and the muscles on the front and back of the leg; occasionally also by a few fibers from the lateral condyle of the tibia. Between its attachments to the head and to the body of the fibula there is a gap through which the common fibular nerve passes to the front of the leg.^[2]

It ends in a long tendon, which runs behind the lateral malleolus, in a groove common to it and the tendon of the fibularis brevis; the groove is converted into a canal by the superior fibular retinaculum, and the tendons in it are contained in a common mucous sheath.^[2]

The tendon then extends obliquely forward across the lateral side of the calcaneus, below the trochlear process, and the tendon of the fibularis brevis, and under cover of the inferior fibular retinaculum.^[2]

It crosses the lateral side of the cuboid, and then runs on the under surface of that bone in a groove which is converted into the peroneal canal by the long plantar ligament; the tendon then crosses the sole of the foot obliquely, and is inserted into the lateral side of the base of the first metatarsal bone and the lateral side of the medial cuneiform.^[2]

Occasionally it sends a slip to the base of the second metatarsal bone.^[2]

The tendon changes its direction at two points: first, behind the lateral malleolus; secondly, on the cuboid bone; in both of these situations the tendon is thickened, and, in the latter, a sesamoid fibrocartilage (sometimes a bone), is usually developed in its substance.^[2]

Functions

The fibularis longus and brevis muscles plantar-flex the foot, in conjunction with the tibialis posterior, antagonizing the tibialis anterior and fibularis tertius, which are dorsi-flexors of the foot.^[2]

The fibularis longus also everts the sole of the foot, and from the oblique direction of the tendon across the sole of the foot is an important agent in the maintenance of the transverse arch.^[2]

Taking their fixed points below, the fibularis muscles serve to steady the leg upon the foot.^[2]

This is especially the case in standing upon one leg, when the tendency of the superincumbent weight is to throw the leg medialward; the fibularis longus overcomes this tendency by drawing on the lateral side of the leg.^[2]

Additional images

Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface.

Left calcaneus, inferior surface.

Left calcaneus, lateral surface.

Coronal section through right talocrural and talocalcaneal joints.

Cross-section through middle of leg.

The popliteal, posterior tibial, and fibular arteries.

Deep nerves of the front of the leg.

Back of left lower extremity.

Musclea of Leg. Lateral view. Deep dissection

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Peroneus longus". Layola University Chicago. Retrieved September 2012. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Gray's Anatomy (1918), see infobox

External links

-1294991280 at GPnotebook

UpToDate Contents

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1. 足首および後足部の運動器超音波 musculoskeletal ultrasound of the ankle and hindfoot
2. 外傷性単神経障害 traumatic mononeuropathies
3. 膝の身体診察 physical examination of the knee
4. 下肢の筋膜切開法 lower extremity fasciotomy techniques
5. アキレス腱以外の足首の腱障害 non achilles ankle tendinopathy

English Journal

Modulation of the Fibularis Longus Hoffmann Reflex and Postural Instability Associated With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Kim KM1, Hart JM2, Saliba S2, Hertel J2.
Journal of athletic training.J Athl Train.2016 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
CONTEXT: Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) present with decreased modulation of the Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) from a simple to a more challenging task. The neural alteration is associated with impaired postural control, but the relationship has not been investigated in individuals
PMID 27583692

Potential Corticomotor Plasticity in those with and without Chronic Ankle Instability.

Kosik KB1, Terada M, Drinkard CP, McCann RS, Gribble PA.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise.Med Sci Sports Exerc.2016 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Quantifying corticomotor alterations is important to understand the neurophysiological mechanisms that likely contribute to the neuromuscular control deficits observed in patients with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI). Corticomotor output mapping provides further insight into the change
PMID 27501358

Intramuscular innervations of lower leg skeletal muscles: applications in their clinical use in functional muscular transfer.

Yu D1,2,3, Yin H4, Han T3, Jiang H5, Cao X6.
Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA.Surg Radiol Anat.2016 Aug;38(6):675-85. doi: 10.1007/s00276-015-1601-x. Epub 2015 Dec 26.
PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate nerve distribution patterns of human lower leg skeletal muscles using a modified Sihler's staining method.METHODS: Sixteen lower leg from eight fresh adult cadavers were used in this study and all the skeletal muscles were dissected. The muscle specimens were
PMID 26707590

Japanese Journal

足部アーチに荷重負荷した際の下腿・足部の筋活動の変化

中尾英俊,橋本雅至,宮本靖 [他],桝田康彦,高藤裕美,伊佐地弘基
理学療法科学 24(3), 423-426, 2009-06-20
〔目的〕足部内側縦アーチの荷重負荷に対する反応を検討した。〔対象〕健康成人女性10人とした。〔方法〕足関節背屈角度を0°位と10°位の2条件とし椅座位にて体重の50％，100％，150％，200％の順に荷重負荷を加え，各荷重時の4つの筋（下腿三頭筋，長腓骨筋，前脛骨筋，母趾外転筋）の筋活動と足部アーチ高率を計測した。〔結果〕背屈0°位では荷重量の増加に伴う筋活動の増加は認められず，背屈10°位では …
NAID 10025403713

ニワトリにおける骨格筋疲労の筋電図学的検討

田場典治
神戸大学農学部研究報告 15(2), 411-418, 1983-01-30
… fibularis longusを疲労させ, これらの筋から筋電図を経時的に記録し, その放電パターンの変化を検討した。 …
NAID 110000410381

Dance運動の筋電図学的研究第1篇 Walking Stepにおける下肢筋の活動について

土谷澄
関西医科大学雑誌 13(2), 306-337, 1961
… fibularis longus, m. … flexor digitorum longus and m. … flexor digitorum longus, and the lowest in m. … flexor digitorum longus and m. … For the trained girls the total electric output of each muscle holds the mean value, but no so for the untrained, taking higher or lower value. …
NAID 130004625022

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「長腓骨筋」
関連記事	「long」「fibular」「longus」「muscle」

「長腓骨筋」

Peroneus longus
	Lateral aspect of right leg.
	Peroneus longus labeled at right
Details
Origin	Upper lateral shaft of fibula
Insertion	first metatarsal, medial cuneiform[same insertion as Tibialis Anterior]
Artery	fibular (peroneal) artery
Nerve	Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
Actions	plantarflexion, eversion, support arches
Antagonist	Tibialis anterior muscle, T.A. does Inversion and Dorsiflexion
Identifiers
Latin	Musculus peronaeus longus, musculus fibularis longus
TA	A04.7.02.041
FMA	22539
	Anatomical terms of muscle [edit on Wikidata]