WordNet

cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques; "The Bordeaux region produces great red wines"; "They produce good ham in Parma"; "We grow wheat here"; "We raise hogs here" (同)raise, farm, produce
come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); "He grew a beard"; "The patient developed abdominal pains"; "I got funny spots all over my body"; "Well-developed breasts" (同)develop, produce, get, acquire
become attached by or as if by the process of growth; "The tree trunks had grown together"
become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; "The problem grew too large for me"; "Her business grew fast"
cause to grow or develop; "He grows vegetables in his backyard"
increase in size by natural process; "Corn doesnt grow here"; "In these forests, mushrooms grow under the trees"; "her hair doesnt grow much anymore"
(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children" (同)growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis
(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture"
something grown or growing; "a growth of hair"
vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass"
be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response

PrepTutorEJDIC

『成長する』,育つ,〈植物が〉生える,茂る / (類・量・程などにおいて)『増大する』,大きくなる / 『しだいになる』 / …‘を'成長させる,大きくする,育てる / …から生じる(起こる)
〈U〉(…の)『成長』,発育;『発達』,発展《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(数・量,重要性・力などの)『増加』,増大,拡張《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《修飾語[句]を伴って》栽培,生産,…産 / 〈C〉成育した物,(草,木,髪,ひげなどの)生えたもの / 〈C〉腫瘍(しゅよう)
(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
〈C〉『事実』,実際にある(あった)事 / 〈U〉真相,真実(truth) / 《the~》(法律用語で)犯行
=sense organ / 受信装置

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/02/18 18:47:41」(JST)

wiki en

The fibroblast growth factor receptors are, as their name implies, receptors that bind to members of the fibroblast growth factor family of proteins. Some of these receptors are involved in pathological conditions. For example, a point mutation in FGFR3 can lead to achondroplasia.

Structure

The fibroblast growth factor receptors consist of a cellular ligand domain composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single transmembrane helix domain, and an intracellular domain with tyrosine kinase activity. These receptors bind fibroblast growth factors, members of the largest family of growth factor ligands, comprising 22 members.^[1]^[2]

The natural alternate splicing of four fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes results in the production of over 48 different isoforms of FGFR.^[3] These isoforms vary in their ligand-binding properties and kinase domains, however all share the common extracellular region composed of three immunoglobulin(Ig)-like domains (D1-D3), and thus belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily.^[4]

The three immunoglobin(Ig)-like domains - D1, D2, and D3 - present a stretch of acidic amino acids ("the acid box") between D1 and D2.^[5] This "acid box" can participate in the regulation of FGF binding to the FGFR. Immunoglobulin-like domains D2 and D3 are sufficient for FGF binding. Each receptor can be activated by several FGFs. In many cases, the FGFs themselves can also activate more than one receptor (i.e., FGF1, which binds all seven principal FGFRs^[6]). FGF7, however, can only activate FGFR2b,^[3] and FGF18 was recently shown to activate FGFR3.^[7]

A gene for a fifth FGFR protein, FGFR5, has also been identified. In contrast to FGFRs 1-4, it lacks a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain and one isoform, FGFR5γ, and only contains the extracellular domains D1 and D2.^[8] The FGFRs are known to dimerize as heterodimers and homodimers.

Genes

So far, five distinct membrane FGFR have been identified in vertebrates and all of them belong to the tyrosine kinase superfamily (FGFR1 to FGFR4).

FGFR1 (see also Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) (= CD331)
FGFR2 (see also Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) (= CD332)
FGFR3 (see also Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) (= CD333)
FGFR4 (see also Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4) (= CD334)
FGFRL1 (see also Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1)
FGFR6

References

^ Ornitz DM. and Itoh, N. (2001). "Fibroblast growth factors". Genome Biol. 2 (3): REVIEWS 3005. doi:10.1186/gb-2001-2-3-reviews3005. PMC 138918. PMID 11276432.
^ Belov AA, Mohammadi M (June 2013). "Molecular mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor signaling in physiology and pathology". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 5 (6). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a015958. PMID 23732477.
^ ^a ^b Duchesne L, Tissot B. et al. (2006). "N-glycosylation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 regulates ligand and heparan sulfate co-receptor binding". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (37): 27178–27189. doi:10.1074/jbc.M601248200. PMID 16829530.
^ Coutts JC, and Gallagher JT. (1995). "Receptors for fibroblast growth factors". Immunol. Cell. Biol. 73 (6): 584–589. doi:10.1038/icb.1995.92. PMID 8713482.
^ Kalinina J, Dutta K, Ilghari D, Beenken A, Goetz R, Eliseenkova AV, Cowburn D, Mohammadi M (January 2012). "The alternatively spliced acid box region plays a key role in FGF receptor autoinhibition". Structure (London, England : 1993) 20 (1): 77–88. doi:10.1016/j.str.2011.10.022. PMC 3378326. PMID 22244757.
^ Ornitz DM, et al. (1996). "Receptor Specificity of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Family". JBC 271 (25): 15292–15297. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.25.15292. PMID 8663044.
^ Davidson, D.; Blanc, A.; Filion, D.; Wang, H.; Plut, P.; Pfeffer, G.; Buschmann, M. D.; Henderson, J. E. (2005). "Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) 18 Signals through FGF Receptor 3 to Promote Chondrogenesis". Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 (21): 20509–20515. doi:10.1074/jbc.M410148200. PMID 15781473. edit
^ Sleeman M, Fraser J. et al. (2001). "Identification of a new fibroblast growth factor receptor, FGFR5". Gene 271 (2): 171–182. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00518-2. PMID 11418238.

External links

GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on FGFR-Related Craniosynostosis Syndromes
FGF signaling (with refs)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 頭蓋骨縫合早期癒合症候群 craniosynostosis syndromes
2. 進行非小細胞肺癌に対する遺伝子型による個別治療 personalized genotype directed therapy for advanced non small cell lung cancer
3. 表皮母斑および表皮母斑症候群 epidermal nevus and epidermal nevus syndrome
4. 上皮性卵巣癌、卵管癌、または腹膜癌における血管新生阻害剤の作用 the role of angiogenesis inhibitors in epithelial carcinoma of the ovary fallopian tube or peritoneum
5. 先天性性腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン欠乏症（特発性低ゴナドトロピン性性腺機能低下） congenital gonadotropin releasing hormone deficiency idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

English Journal

The vitamin D analog ZK191784 normalizes decreased bone matrix mineralization in mice lacking the calcium channel TRPV5.

van der Eerden BC, Fratzl-Zelman N, Nijenhuis T, Roschger P, Zügel U, Steinmeyer A, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ, Klaushofer K, van Leeuwen JP.SourceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. b.vandereerden@erasmusmc.nl.
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2013 Feb;228(2):402-7. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24144.
Mice lacking the renal epithelial Ca(2+) channel TRPV5 (TRPV5(-/-) ) display impaired renal Ca(2+) reabsorption, hypercalciuria, and intestinal Ca(2+) hyperabsorption, due to secondary hypervitaminosis D. Using these mice, we previously demonstrated that ZK191784 acts as an intestine-specific 1,2
PMID 22740316

Japanese Journal

腎臓がんに対する新規分子標的薬の開発 (特集婦人科がん・泌尿器がん)

三浦裕司,高野利実
腫瘍内科 = Clinical oncology 16(2), 137-142, 2015-08
NAID 40020571487

Functional Differences between GDNF-Dependent and FGF2-Dependent Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell Self-Renewal

Takashima Seiji,Kanatsu-Shinohara Mito,Tanaka Takashi,Morimoto Hiroko,Inoue Kimiko,Ogonuki Narumi,Jijiwa Mayumi,Takahashi Masahide,Ogura Atsuo,Shinohara Takashi
Stem Cell Reports 4(3), 489-502, 2015-02
… Earlier studies showed that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was indispensable for SSC self-renewal by binding to the GFRA1/RET receptor. … Moreover, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) supplementation enabled in vitro SSC expansion without GDNF. …
NAID 120005540400

Modulation of inflammatory response of wounds by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

Sahu Khageswar,Sharma Mrinalini,Kumar Gupta Pradeep
LASER THERAPY 24(3), 201-208, 2015
… In this study we report results of our investigations on the effect of poly-L-lysine conjugate of chlorine p6 (pl-cp6) mediated APDT on the healing of P.aeruginosa infected wounds and the role of Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kB) induced inflammatory response in this process.Material and methods: Excisional wounds created in Swiss albino mice were infected with ~10(7) colony forming units of P.aeruginosa. …
NAID 130005101611

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「線維芽細胞成長因子受容体」「FGF receptor」「線維芽細胞増殖因子レセプター」「線維芽細胞成長因子レセプター」
拡張検索	「type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor」「type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor」「type 3 fibroblast growth factor receptor」「type 4 fibroblast growth factor receptor」
関連記事	「grow」「fact」「factor」「fibroblast」「growth」