WordNet

turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction; "Turn and face your partner now"
a vertical surface of a building or cliff
the general outward appearance of something; "the face of the city is changing"
the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object); "he dealt the cards face down"
the striking or working surface of an implement
the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear; "he washed his face"; "I wish I had seen the look on his face when he got the news" (同)human face
a part of a person that is used to refer to a person; "he looked out at a roomful of faces"; "when he returned to work he met many new faces"
status in the eyes of others; "he lost face"
the part of an animal corresponding to the human face
be opposite; "the facing page"; "the two sofas face each other"
cover the front or surface of; "The building was faced with beautiful stones"
line the edge (of a garment) with a different material; "face the lapels of the jacket"
turn so as to expose the face; "face a playing card"
come into the company of; "She joined him for a drink"
cause to become joined or linked; "join these two parts so that they fit together" (同)bring together
make contact or come together; "The two roads join here" (同)conjoin
become part of; become a member of a group or organization; "He joined the Communist Party as a young man" (同)fall_in, get together
united or combined; "a joint session of Congress"; "joint owners"
marijuana leaves rolled into a cigarette for smoking (同)marijuana cigarette, reefer, stick, spliff
a disreputable place of entertainment
junction by which parts or objects are joined together
(anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if it allows motion) (同)articulation, articulatio
provide with a joint; "the carpenter jointed two pieces of wood" (同)articulate
affecting or involving two or more; "joint income-tax return"; "joint ownership"
fasten with a joint
fit as if by joints; "The boards fit neatly"
involving both houses of a legislature; "a joint session of Congress"
separate (meat) at the joint
a smooth surface (as of a bone or cut gemstone)
a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『顔』 / 〈C〉表情,顔つき / 〈C〉(物の)『表面』(surface),(建物の)正面(front),(貨幣・カードなどの)表《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)外観,様子《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉面目,面子(めんつ) / 〈C〉(多角面体の)面 / 〈C〉(活字・版の)面(印刷する部分);(活字の)書体 / 〈C〉(鉱山の)採掘現場 / …‘に'『面する』,‘の'ほうを向く / (…のほうに)…‘を'向ける《+『名』+『toward』+『名』》 / 〈人が〉〈危険など〉‘に'直面する,立ち向かう,対抗する;〈危険などが〉〈人〉‘に'迫る / 〈事実・現実など〉‘を'直視する,認める / (…で)〈壁など〉‘に'上塗り(上張り)をする《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / (ある場所・方角に)面する,向く《+『on』(『to』,『toward』)+『名』》
〈二つ以上のもの〉‘を'『つなぐ』,結合する《+『名』+『together』(『up』)》;(…に)…‘を'つなぐ《+『名』+『to』(『onto』)+『名』》 / (線などで)〈二つ以上のもの〉‘の'間を結ぶ(つなぐ)《+『名』+『by』(『with』)+『名』》 / (友情・結婚などで)〈人〉‘を'結びつける《+『名』+『in』+『名』》 / 〈川・道などが〉…‘と'いっしょになる,合流する / 〈会など〉‘に'『加入する』 / (…で)〈人〉‘の'『仲間に入る』,‘と'いっしょになる《+『名』〈人〉+『in』(『for』)+『名』,+『名』〈人〉+『in』do『ing』》 / (…に)『加わる』《+『in』+『名』〈事〉/+『in』『with』+『名』〈人〉》 / (人と…を)『ともにする』《+『with』+『名』〈人〉+『in』+『名』(doing)》 / 〈川・道などが〉『いっしょになる』,合流する / 接合箇所(点,面,線);継ぎ目
『関節』 / 『継ぎ目』,接合箇所,合わせ目 / 継ぎ目と継ぎ目の間の部分,節 / (二つの部分を継いだり支えたりするのに用いる)継ぎ手,ジョイント / (枝や葉の)つけ根,節 / (骨付きの)肉の大切り身 / 《俗》安酒場,とばく宿,アヘン窟(くつ) / 『共同の』,共有の;連帯の,連合の / 両院合同の;二院制議会の両院の / …‘を'継ぎ合わせる;…‘を'継ぎ目(関節)でつなぐ / …‘を'継ぎ目で分ける;〈鳥・肉など〉‘を'関節で切り分ける
(宝石・結晶などのなめらかな)面,切り子面 / (物事の)面(aspect)
(疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/11 21:49:49」(JST)

wiki en

Facet syndrome is a syndrome in which the zygapophysial joints (synovial diarthroses, from C2 to S1) cause back pain.^[1] 55% of facet syndrome cases occur in cervical vertebrae, and 31% in lumbar. Facet syndrome can progress to spinal osteoarthritis, which is known as spondylosis.^{[Needs reference, none found]} Pathology of the C1-C2 (atlantoaxial) joint, the most mobile of all vertebral segments, accounts for 4% of all spondylosis.^[2]

The facet joints are formed by the superior and inferior processes of each vertebra. The first cervical vertebra has an inferior articulating surface but, as it does not restrict lateral or posterior translation, is not always considered a proper zygoma^[3]^[4] (zygoma is Greek for "yoke," i.e. something that restrains movement). In the lumbar spine, facets provide about 20 percent of the twisting stability in the low back. Each facet joint is positioned at each level of the spine to provide the needed support especially with rotation. Facet joints also prevent each vertebra from slipping over the one below. A small capsule surrounds each facet joint providing a nourishing lubricant for the joint. Also, each joint has a rich supply of tiny nerve fibers that provide a painful stimulus when the joint is injured or irritated. Inflamed facets can cause a powerful muscle spasm.

References

^ Emedicine article on Lumbosacral Facet Syndrome
^ James Halla. "Atlantoaxial (C1-C2) facet joint osteoarthritis".
^ Frank Netter. "Atlas of Human Anatomy".
^ Van de Graaff (2002). Human Anatomy. New York: McGraw Hill, p. 160.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 亜急性および慢性腰痛：非外科的介入治療 subacute and chronic low back pain nonsurgical interventional treatment
2. 成人における腰痛の診断および評価のアプローチ approach to the diagnosis and evaluation of low back pain in adults
3. 妊娠中および産後の筋骨格系の変化および疼痛 musculoskeletal changes and pain during pregnancy and postpartum
4. 成人における脊髄損傷：定義、機序、および放射線学的所見 spinal column injuries in adults definitions mechanisms and radiographs
5. 腰痛の診断的検査 diagnostic testing for low back pain

English Journal

Effect of adding cervical facet joint injections in a multimodal treatment program for long-standing cervical myofascial pain syndrome with referral pain patterns of cervical facet joint syndrome.

Park SC, Kim KH.SourceDepartment of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Bumeuri, Mulgeumup, Yangsan, Kyungsangnamdo, 626-770, Korea.
Journal of anesthesia.J Anesth.2012 May 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: Cervical facet joint (CFJ) syndrome is a common disorder observed in chronic pain of the cervical region, especially in long-standing myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). This study aimed to investigate the effects of therapeutic CFJ injections on patients with long-standing cervical MPS with re
PMID 22648287

Osteoarthritis of the zygapophysial joints: efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy in the treatment of lumbar facet joint syndrome.

Marcia S, Masala S, Marini S, Piras E, Marras M, Mallarini G, Mathieu A, Cauli A.SourceRadiology Unit, University of Cagliari, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Cagliari, Italy. stemarcia@gmail.com.
Clinical and experimental rheumatology.Clin Exp Rheumatol.2012 Mar;30(2):314. Epub 2012 Apr 15.
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PMID 22409995