WordNet

place signs, as along a road; "sign an intersection"; "This road has been signed"
(medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease; "there were no signs of asphyxiation"
a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened); "he showed signs of strain"; "they welcomed the signs of spring" (同)mark
a character indicating a relation between quantities; "dont forget the minus sign"
a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified; "The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary"--de Saussure
a gesture that is part of a sign language
a public display of a message; "he posted signs in all the shop windows"
engage by written agreement; "They signed two new pitchers for the next season" (同)contract, sign on, sign_up
approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation; "All parties ratified the peace treaty"; "Have you signed your contract yet?" (同)ratify
communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs; "He signed his disapproval with a dismissive hand gesture"; "The diner signaled the waiters to bring the menu" (同)signal, signalize, signalise
mark with ones signature; write ones name (on); "She signed the letter and sent it off"; "Please sign here" (同)subscribe
be engaged by a written agreement; "He signed to play the casino on Dec. 18"; "The soprano signed to sing the new opera"
communicate in sign language; "I dont know how to sign, so I could not communicate with my deaf cousin"
notably out of the ordinary; "the year saw one signal triumph for the Labour party"
an electric quantity (voltage or current or field strength) whose modulation represents coded information about the source from which it comes
any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message; "signals from the boat suddenly stopped" (同)signaling, sign
any incitement to action; "he awaited the signal to start"; "the victory was a signal for wild celebration"
arrange (open windows) on a computer desktop so that they overlap each other, with the title bars visible
a small waterfall or series of small waterfalls
a succession of stages or operations or processes or units; "progressing in severity as though a cascade of genetic damage was occurring"; "separation of isotopes by a cascade of processes"
rush down in big quantities, like a cascade (同)cascade down
bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations; "We cannot regulate the way people dress"; "This town likes to regulate" (同)regularize, regularise, order, govern
fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of; "regulate the temperature"; "modulate the pitch" (同)modulate
an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme

PrepTutorEJDIC

(ある事実・状態・感情などの)『表れ』,印,気配,徴侯(indication);(…の)こん跡,計跡《+『of』+『名』》・『身ぶり』,手まね,合図 / 『標識』,看板 / (数学・音楽などの)記号 / (…の)『象徴』,シンボル(symbol)《+『of』+『名』》・《文》(…の)『前兆』,きざし《+『of』+『名』》・宮(きゅう)(黄道12区分の一つ) ・〈手紙・書類・作品など〉‘に'『署名する』・(…に)〈名前など〉‘を'書く《+『名』+『on』(『to』)+『名』》 / …‘を'雇う契約に署名する・…‘を'合図する,知らせる;…に合図する・署名する・契約書に署名して雇われる
(警告・指示・情報などを伝える)『信号』,合図 / (…の)きっかけ,動機,導火線《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈人・車など〉‘に'『合図する』,信号を送る / …‘を'『合図』(信号)『で知らせる』 / 『合図する』,信号する / 合図の,信号の / めざましい,顕著な
(いく筋にもなって落ちる)小滝,(庭園などの)人工滝 / 滝状になった物 / 小滝となって(小滝のように)落ちる
(規則などで)…‘を'『規制する』,『統制する』 / 〈機械など〉‘を'『調整する』 / 〈量や率など〉‘を'ある限度内におさえる

UpToDate Contents

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1. 黒色腫（メラノーマ）の分子生物学 the molecular biology of melanoma
2. T細胞受容体シグナル伝達 t cell receptor signaling
3. 薬物誘発性ループス drug induced lupus
4. 進行性肝細胞癌に対する全身治療 systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
5. 前立腺癌の分子生物学 molecular biology of prostate cancer

English Journal

An alternative mode of CD43 signal transduction activates pro-survival pathways of T lymphocytes.

Bravo-Adame ME1,2, Vera-Estrella R3, Barkla BJ4, Martínez-Campos C1,2, Flores-Alcantar A1, Ocelotl-Oviedo JP1, Pedraza-Alva G1, Rosenstein Y1.
Immunology.Immunology.2017 Jan;150(1):87-99. doi: 10.1111/imm.12670. Epub 2016 Oct 12.
CD43 is one of the most abundant co-stimulatory molecules on a T-cell surface; it transduces activation signals through its cytoplasmic domain, contributing to modulation of the outcome of T-cell responses. The aim of this study was to uncover new signalling pathways regulated by this sialomucin. An
PMID 27606486

Discovering Functional ERK Substrates Regulating Caenorhabditis elegans Germline Development.

Chen JJ1, Arur S2,3.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2017;1487:317-335.
The Rat Sarcoma (RAS) GTPAse-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway regulates multiple biological processes across metazoans. In particular during Caenorhabditis elegans oogenesis, ERK signaling has been shown to regulate over seven distinct biological processes in a temporal a
PMID 27924578

Cigarette smoke extract induces placental growth factor release from human bronchial epithelial cells via ROS/MAPK (ERK-1/2)/Egr-1 axis.

Wu D1, Yuan Y1, Lin Z2, Lai T1, Chen M1, Li W1, Lv Q1, Yuan B1, Li D1, Wu B1.
International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis.2016 Dec 2;11:3031-3042. eCollection 2016.
Etiological evidence demonstrates that there is a significant association between cigarette smoking and chronic airway inflammatory disease. Abnormal expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) has been reported in COPD, and its downstream signaling molecules have been reported to contribute to the
PMID 27980400