WordNet

purely outward or superficial; "external composure"; "an external concern for reputation"- A.R.Gurney,Jr.
outward features; "he enjoyed the solemn externals of religion"
coming from the outside; "extraneous light in the camera spoiled the photograph"; "relying upon an extraneous income"; "disdaining outside pressure groups" (同)extraneous, outside
from or between other countries; "external commerce"; "international trade"; "developing nations need outside help" (同)international, outside
happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface; "the external auditory canal"; "external pressures"
a ring of muscle that contracts to close an opening (同)anatomical sphincter, sphincter_muscle
a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there (同)medical extern

PrepTutorEJDIC

『外側の』,外部の / (作用・動作などが)『外側からの』,外部からの / 表面上の,見せかけの / 体外の;体外用の / 外国の(foreign) / (…の)外観,外形《+『of』+『名』》
括約筋(かつやくきん)

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 成人における便失禁：疫学および評価 fecal incontinence in adults etiology and evaluation
2. 肛門括約筋断裂の待機手術によるマネージメント delayed surgical management of the disrupted anal sphincter
3. 妊娠および経膣分娩が肛門括約筋および便失禁に及ぼす影響 effect of pregnancy and childbirth on anal sphincter function and fecal incontinence
4. 成人における慢性便秘の病因および評価 etiology and evaluation of chronic constipation in adults
5. 便失禁の評価における直腸超音波内視鏡検査 endorectal endoscopic ultrasound in the evaluation of fecal incontinence

Pudendal nerve injury in men with fecal incontinence after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Loganathan A1, Schloithe AC, Hutton J, Yeoh EK, Fraser R, Dinning PG, Wattchow D.
Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden).Acta Oncol.2015 Jun;54(6):882-8. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1010693. Epub 2015 Mar 3.
BACKGROUND: The precise etiology of fecal incontinence (FI), which occurs frequently following external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate carcinoma is unknown. It is possibly related to pelvic nerve injury. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of pudendal nerve dysfunction in men wi
PMID 25734401

Myogenic stem cell-laden hydrogel scaffold in wound healing of the disrupted external anal sphincter.

Montoya TI1, Acevedo JF, Smith B, Keller PW, Sailors JL, Tang L, Word RA, Wai CY.
International urogynecology journal.Int Urogynecol J.2015 Jun;26(6):893-904. doi: 10.1007/s00192-014-2620-6. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of myogenic stem cell-laden hydrogel scaffold on contractile function and histomorphology of the external anal sphincter (EAS) after transection without repair.METHODS: Eighty female rats underwent anal sphincter transection without repair. After 2 weeks, animals w
PMID 25644049

Contribution of the external urethral sphincter to urinary void size in unanesthetized unrestrained rats.

LaPallo BK1, Wolpaw JR1,2, Chen XY1,2, Carp JS1,2.
Neurourology and urodynamics.Neurourol Urodyn.2015 May 20. doi: 10.1002/nau.22789. [Epub ahead of print]
AIMS: In anesthetized rats, voiding is typically associated with phasic activation (bursting) of the external urethral sphincter (EUS). During spontaneous voiding in unanesthetized, unrestrained rats, EUS bursting is the most common form of EUS activity exhibited, but it is not necessary for product
PMID 25995074

Yamaguchi Izumi,Fujita Fumihiko,Yamanouchi Kosho,Mishima Takehiro,Kawahara Daisuke,Sakai Yusuke,Ito Shinichiro,Kanetaka Kengo,Takatsuki Mitsuhisa,Kuroki Tamotsu,Eguchi Susumu
Journal of Surgical Research 184(2), 813-818, 2013-10-00
… Background: Although intersphincteric resection can avoid the need for permanent colostomy in patients with lower rectal cancer, it sometimes causes anal sphincter dysfunction, thus resulting in a lifelong, debilitating disorder due to incontinence of solid and liquid stool. … The purpose of this study was to establish a novel animal model with long-term sustainable anal sphincter dysfunction. …
NAID 120005343840

増田憲彦,三品睦輝,北村悠樹 [他],眞鍋由美,佐倉雄馬,伊東晴喜,奥野博
泌尿器科紀要 58(7), 355-359, 2012-07-00
… Urethroscopy demonstrated a thin membrane with a small orifice on the ventral aspect distal to the external sphincter. …
NAID 40019362573