WordNet

relating to the etiology of a disease; "etiological agent" (同)etiologic, aetiological, aetiologic
of or relating to the philosophical study of causation (同)etiologic, aetiological, aetiologic
the cause of a disease (同)aetiology
the philosophical study of causation (同)aetiology

PrepTutorEJDIC

病原学[上]の
〈U〉病原学 / 〈C〉〈U〉病気の原因,病因
《英》=etiology

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/19 04:29:59」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Etiology (/iːtiˈɒlədʒi/; alternatively aetiology or ætiology) is the study of causation, or origination. The word is derived from the Greek αἰτιολογία, aitiologia, "giving a reason for" (αἰτία, aitia, "cause"; and -λογία, -logia).^[1] The word is most commonly used in medical and philosophical theories, where it is used to refer to the study of why things occur, or even the reasons behind the way that things act, and is used in philosophy, physics, psychology, government, geography, spatial analysis, medicine, theology, and biology in reference to the causes of various phenomena. An etiological myth is a myth intended to explain a name or create a mythic history for a place or family.

Mythology

An etiological myth, or origin myth, is a myth intended to explain the origins of cult practices, natural phenomena, proper names and the like. For example, the name Delphi and its associated deity, Apollon Delphinios, are explained in the Homeric Hymn which tells of how Apollo, in the shape of a dolphin (delphis), propelled Cretans over the seas to make them his priests. While Delphi is actually related to the word delphus ("womb"), many etiological myths are similarly based on folk etymology (the term "Amazon", for example). In the Aeneid (published circa 17 BC), Virgil claims the descent of Augustus Caesar's Julian clan from the hero Aeneas through his son Ascanius, also called Iulus. The story of Prometheus' sacrifice trick at Mecone in Hesiod's Theogony relates how Prometheus tricked Zeus into choosing the bones and fat of the first sacrificial animal rather than the meat to justify why, after a sacrifice, the Greeks offered the bones wrapped in fat to the gods while keeping the meat for themselves. In Ovid's Pyramus and Thisbe, the origin of the color of mulberries is explained, as the black berries become stained red from their forbidden love.

Medicine

In medicine, etiology refers to the many factors coming together to cause an illness. It is normally the focus of epidemiological studies. The etiology of scurvy is a good example. With scurvy, sailors going to sea often lacked fresh vegetables. Without knowing the precise cause, Captain James Cook suspected scurvy was caused by the lack of vegetables in the diet. Based on his suspicion, he forced his crew to eat sauerkraut, a cabbage preparation, every day, and based upon the positive outcomes, he inferred that it prevented scurvy, without being able to say precisely how it might have worked. It was only about two centuries later, in 1926, that it was discovered that it was the lack of vitamin C in a sailor's diet that was the basic cause of scurvy. From modern knowledge we can see that the sauerkraut was probably much less effective than Cook supposed (see scurvy in the 18th century).

References

^ Aetiology. Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed. ed.) (Oxford University Press). 2002. ISBN 0-19-521942-2.

External links

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 遠位（I型）および近位（II型）尿細管性アシドーシスの病因および診断 etiology and diagnosis of distal type 1 and proximal type 2 renal tubular acidosis
2. Overview of sexual dysfunction in female cancer survivors
3. 味覚および嗅覚障害の解剖学および病因 anatomy and etiology of taste and smell disorders
4. 成人における二次性および三次性副腎不全の原因 causes of secondary and tertiary adrenal insufficiency in adults
5. 低アルドステロン症（4型RTA）の病因、診断、および治療 etiology diagnosis and treatment of hypoaldosteronism type 4 rta

English Journal

Impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia on mortality and epidemiological features of patients with secondary peritonitis.

Heredia-Rodríguez M1,2, Peláez MT3, Fierro I4, Gómez-Sánchez E5,6, Gómez-Pesquera E5,6, Lorenzo M5,6, Álvarez-González FJ4, Bustamante-Munguira J7, Eiros JM6,8, Bermejo-Martin JF6,9, Gómez-Herreras JI5,6, Tamayo E5,6.
Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0137-5. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
BACKGROUND: Despite the significant impact of nosocomial infections on the morbidity and mortality of patients staying in the intensive care unit (ICU), no study over the past 20 years has focused specifically on VAP following secondary peritonitis. The objective of the present study was to determi
PMID 27090531

Laboratory diagnosis of Ebola virus disease and corresponding biosafety considerations in the China Ebola Treatment Center.

Huang Q1,2, Fu WL1, You JP2,3, Mao Q2,3.
Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences.Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci.2016 Oct;53(5):326-40. doi: 10.3109/10408363.2016.1160866. Epub 2016 Apr 12.
Ebola virus disease (EVD), caused by Ebola virus (EBOV), is a potent acute infectious disease with a high case-fatality rate. Etiological and serological EBOV detection methods, including techniques that involve the detection of the viral genome, virus-specific antigens and anti-virus antibodies, ar
PMID 26952811

Borderline personality disorder and compulsive buying: A multivariate etiological model.

Maraz A1, Urbán R2, Demetrovics Z2.
Addictive behaviors.Addict Behav.2016 Sep;60:117-23. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
PMID 27124503

Etiology of bone and joint infections: a case series of 363 consecutive patients from an orthopaedic infection unit.

Wallander K1, Jorup-Rönström C2, Ullberg M3, Törnblom I3, Ottosson C2, Giske CG3,4.
Infectious diseases (London, England).Infect Dis (Lond).2016 Aug;48(8):618-25. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2016.1183814. Epub 2016 May 17.
BACKGROUND: Bone and joint infections remain a clinical challenge with potentially serious consequences. Nevertheless there is a lack of studies with strict criteria for diagnosis and etiology. The primary aim of this study was to determine the causative agents in orthopaedic infections using strict
PMID 27187631

Japanese Journal

統合失調症 (特集近年における精神医学の進歩 : 生物学的な側面から)

高橋栄
日大医学雑誌 = Journal of Nihon University Medical Association 71(6), 369-674, 2012-12-00
NAID 40019546975

北部九州における内因性ぶどう膜炎の統計 : 1996年-2001年と2003年-2008年の比較

疋田伸一,園田康平,肱岡邦明,藤本武,伊東崇子,石橋達朗
日本眼科學会雜誌 116(9), 847-855, 2012-09-10
NAID 10031040047

In Silico Analyses of Primers Used to Detect the Pathogenicity Genes of Vibrio cholerae

GARDES JULIEN,CROCE OLIVIER,CHRISTEN RICHARD
Microbes and environments 27(3), 250-256, 2012-09-01
… In Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, most of the virulence genes are located in two pathogenicity islands, named TCP (Toxin-Co-regulated Pilus) and CTX (Cholera ToXins). …
NAID 10030869228

北部九州における内因性ぶどう膜炎の統計 : 1996年~2001年と2003年~2008年の比較

疋田伸一,園田康平,肱岡邦明 [他]
日本眼科学会雑誌 116(9), 847-855, 2012-09-00
NAID 40019433010

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「etiology」「病原学的」「病因学」「aetiology」
拡張検索	「aetiological」「etiologically」「aetiologically」
関連記事	「etiologic」