WordNet

coat with a layer of metal; "plate spoons with silver"
the quantity contained in a plate (同)plateful
a shallow receptacle for collection in church (同)collection plate
a flat sheet of metal or glass on which a photographic image can be recorded (同)photographic plate
a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners) (同)scale, shell
a full-page illustration (usually on slick paper)
a sheet of metal or wood or glass or plastic
dish on which food is served or from which food is eaten
structural member consisting of a horizontal beam that provides bearing and anchorage
the positively charged electrode in a vacuum tube
a rigid layer of the Earths crust that is believed to drift slowly (同)crustal plate
a main course served on a plate; "a vegetable plate"; "the blue plate special"
any flat platelike body structure or part
the thin under portion of the forequarter
a thin coating of metal deposited on a surface (同)metal_plating
the application of a thin coat of metal (as by electrolysis)
make a plat of; "Plat the town" (同)plot
a map showing planned or actual features of an area (streets and building lots etc.)
relating to the epiphysis of a bone (同)epiphysial

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(通例各人用の丸い)『平皿』 / 〈C〉(料理の)『1皿』[『分』]《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉料理の1人前 / 〈C〉(教会などの)献金皿 / 〈U〉《集合的に》(スプーン・皿など)金(銀)製の食器類 / 〈C〉(金属・ガラス・プラスチックなどの)平板,板金 / 〈C〉(金属・木などの)標札,ナンバープレート / 〈C〉金属(石,木)版画;(本文と別刷りの)図版 / 〈C〉(印刷方法の)電気版,ステロ版 / 〈C〉(写真の)感光板 / 〈C〉《the~》(野球の)本塁(home plate) / (…を)…‘に'めっきする《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / (保護のために)…‘を'板金で覆う / (印刷で)…‘を'電気版(ステロ版)にする
(金・銀などの)めっき / (船・乗物などの鋼鉄板の)被復,装甲
小さな地面(地所) / (土地などの)図面,地図
編んだもの, 弁髪; 組みひも・= plait

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/26 20:03:06」(JST)

wiki en

The epiphyseal plate (or epiphysial plate, physis, or growth plate) is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. The plate is found in children and adolescents; in adults, who have stopped growing, the plate is replaced by an epiphyseal line.

Role in bone elongation

Endochondral ossification is responsible for the initial bone development from cartilage in utero and infants and the longitudinal growth of long bones in the epiphyseal plate. The plate's chondrocytes are under constant division by mitosis. These daughter cells stack facing the epiphysis while the older cells are pushed towards the diaphysis. As the older chondrocytes degenerate, osteoblasts ossify the remains to form new bone. In puberty increasing levels of estrogen, in both females and males, leads to increased apoptosis of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate.^[1] Depletion of chondrocytes due to apoptosis leads to less ossification and growth slows down and later stops when the entire cartilage have become replaced by bone, leaving only a thin epiphyseal scar which later disappears.^[2] Once the adult stage is reached, the only way to manipulate height is modifying bone length via distraction osteogenesis.

Histological organization

The growth plate has a very specific morphology in having a zonal arrangement.

Epiphyseal plate zone (from epiphysis to diaphysis	Description
Zone of reserve	Quiescent chondrocytes are found at the epiphyseal end
Zone of proliferation	Chondrocytes undergo rapid mitosis under influence of growth hormone
Zone of maturation and hypertrophy	Chondrocytes stop mitosis, and begin to hypertrophy by accumulating glycogen, lipids, and alkaline phosphatase
Zone of calcification	Chondrocytes undergo apoptosis. Cartilagenous matrix begins to calcify.
Zone of ossification	Osteoclasts and osteoblasts from the diaphyseal side break down the calcified cartilage and replace with mineralized bone tissue.

^[3]

A mnemonic for remembering the names of the epiphyseal plate growth zones is " Real People Have Career Options," standing for: Resting zone, Proliferative zone, Hypertrophic cartilage zone, Calcified cartilage zone, Ossification zone.^[4] The growth plate is clinically relevant in that it is often the primary site for infection, metastasis, fractures and the effects of endocrine bone disorders.^{[citation needed]}

Pathology

Defects in the development and continued division of epiphyseal plates can lead to growth disorders. The most common defect is achondroplasia, where there is a defect in cartilage formation. Achondroplasia is the most common cause of dwarfism.

Salter–Harris fractures are fractures involving epiphyseal plates and hence tend to interfere with growth and height.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease results from stress on the Epiphyseal plate in the tibia, leading to excess bone growth and a painful lump at the knee.

Studies in animals

John Hunter studied growing chickens. He observed bones grew at the ends and thus demonstrated the existence of the epiphyseal plates. Hunter is considered the "father of the growth plate".^[5]

References

^ Zhong, M; Carney, DH; Boyan, BD; Schwartz, Z (January 2011). "17β-Estradiol regulates rat growth plate chondrocyte apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway not involving nitric oxide or MAPKs.". Endocrinology 152 (1): 82–92. doi:10.1210/en.2010-0509. PMID 21068162.
^ "Skeletal System / Bone Development and Growth". Archived from the original on 2008-07-09. Retrieved 2008-07-10.
^ Ovalle, William K.; Nahirney, Patrick C. (2007). Netter's essential histology : with Student consult online access (1st ed. ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 9781929007868.
^ "Medical Mnemonics".
^ "Growth Plate (Physeal) Fractures". EMedicine.com. Retrieved 2008-01-15.

UpToDate Contents

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4. 細菌性関節炎：幼児および小児における疫学、病因、および微生物学 bacterial arthritis epidemiology pathogenesis and microbiology in infants and children
5. 小児における血行性骨髄炎：疫学、病因、および微生物学 hematogenous osteomyelitis in children epidemiology pathogenesis and microbiology

English Journal

Synthesis of bone-like micro-porous calcium phosphate/iota-carrageenan composites by gel diffusion.

Gashti MP, Stir M, Hulliger J.SourceDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland; Department of Textile, Islamic Azad University, Shahre Rey Branch, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mparvinzadeh@gmail.com.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces.2013 Oct 1;110:426-33. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.04.051. Epub 2013 May 13.
Brushite and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) crystals are well-known precursors of hydroxylapatite (HAp), the main mineral found in bone. In this report, we present a new method for biomimicking brushite and OCP using single and double diffusion techniques. Brushite and OCP crystals were grown in an iot
PMID 23759383

Influence of meat exudates on the quality characteristics of fresh and freeze-thawed pork.

Kim GD, Jung EY, Lim HJ, Yang HS, Joo ST, Jeong JY.SourceDivision of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, 66 Jejudaehakro, Jeju 690-756, South Korea.
Meat science.Meat Sci.2013 Oct;95(2):323-9. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.05.007. Epub 2013 May 16.
The influence of the accumulated exudates released from pork loin of itself on the quality characteristics of fresh and freeze-thawed pork during cold storage was investigated. Pork loins were divided into four groups (fresh pork with exudates, fresh pork without exudates, freeze-thawed pork with ex
PMID 23747625

Toward the understanding of the interfacial dairy fouling deposition and growth mechanisms at a stainless steel surface: A multiscale approach.

Jimenez M, Delaplace G, Nuns N, Bellayer S, Deresmes D, Ronse G, Alogaili G, Collinet-Fressancourt M, Traisnel M.SourceUnité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET), équipe Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP), CNRS-UMR 8207, ENSCL, Université Lille Nord de France, 59652 F-Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France. Electronic address: maude.jimenez@univ-lille1.fr.
Journal of colloid and interface science.J Colloid Interface Sci.2013 Aug 15;404:192-200. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.04.021. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
The microstructures of two dairy fouling deposits obtained at a stainless steel surface after different processing times in a pilot plate heat exchanger were investigated at different scales. Electron-Probe Micro Analysis, Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Atomic Force Microscopy, and
PMID 23684222

Japanese Journal

温故知新,はじめ真実のように思えても(基礎研究・実例編) : 骨端軟骨板の肥大軟骨細胞の運命とそれに続く研究

花岡英彌
整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 65(7), 647-651, 2014-07
NAID 40020134019

脛骨遠位端triplane fractureの2例

廣田高志,尾上英俊,金澤和貴,木下浩一,亀川史武,瀬尾哉,石松哲郎
整形外科と災害外科 63(2), 239-241, 2014
【はじめに】triplane fractureは脛骨遠位骨端線離開の特殊型であり，骨折面が矢状面，水平面，前額面の3平面を有するもので比較的稀な骨折である．今回我々はその2症例を経験したので報告する．【症例1】15歳男子，サッカー中に右足関節を外反強制し受傷．単純X線にてlateral triplane fractureを認めた．受傷翌日に手術を行った．術後は3週間の外固定を行い，術後3ケ月から荷 …
NAID 130004910523

開放性脛骨遠位骨端線離開の1例

廣田高志,尾上英俊,中村厚彦,森俊,大久保昭史郎,植木貴之
整形外科と災害外科 63(4), 822-824, 2014
【はじめに】今回我々は比較的稀と思われる開放性脛骨遠位骨端線離開の1例を経験したので報告する．【症例】11歳男子，自動車にはねられ受傷，当院へ救急搬送された．下腿遠位内側から足関節前面にかけて広範な開放創を認め，脛骨遠位断端が露出していた．単純X線でSalter-Harris分類II型の脛骨遠位骨端線離開を認め腓骨遠位骨幹部骨折も合併していた．受傷当日に緊急手術で十分なデブリドマンと洗浄を行い，脛 …
NAID 130004704806

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「骨端板」「骨端軟骨板」「epiphyseal cartilage」
関連記事	「plate」「plating」「epiphyseal」

「骨端板」

Epiphyseal plate
	Radiogram of distal fibula and tibia showing two epiphyseal plates.
	Light micrograph of epiphyseal plate showing chondrocytes and matrix.
Details
Latin	lamina epiphysialis
Identifiers
TA	A02.0.00.020
FMA	FMA:75427
	Anatomical terminology