関: latex tube、laticifer

WordNet

a plant duct containing latex
a continuous tube formed by a row of elongated cells lacking intervening end walls
an enclosed conduit for a fluid
a bodily passage or tube lined with epithelial cells and conveying a secretion or other substance; "the tear duct was obstructed"; "the alimentary canal"; "poison is released through a channel in the snakes fangs" (同)epithelial duct, canal, channel

PrepTutorEJDIC

送水管;(建物・船などの)通気管;(地下ケーブルなどの)ダクト / (体液を運ぶ)導管,(植物が水・空気を運ぶ)導管

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/29 17:09:40」(JST)

wiki en

Lactiferous ducts form a tree branched system connecting the lobules of the mammary gland to the tip of the nipple. They are also referred to as galactophores, galactophorous ducts, mammary ducts, mamillary ducts and milk ducts. They are the structures which carry milk toward the nipple in a lactating female.

Structure

Lactiferous ducts are lined by a columnar epithelium supported by myoepithelial cells. When a woman is not lactating, the lactiferous duct is frequently blocked by a keratin plug. This plug prevents bacteria from entering the duct in non-lactating women. Prior to 2005, it was thought within the areola the lactiferous duct would dilate to form the lactiferous sinus in which milk supposedly accumulates between breastfeeding sessions. However new research suggests that lactiferous sinus does not exist.^[1]

Function

The columnar epithelium plays a key role in balancing milk production, milk stasis and resorption. The cells of the columnar epithelium form tight junctions which are regulated by hormones and local factors like pressure and casein content. Prolactin and/or placental lactogen are required for tight junction closure while progesterone is the main hormone preventing closure before birth.^[2]^[3]

Clinical significance

The majority of breast diseases either originate from lactiferous ducts or are closely related. The high susceptibility to benign and malignant diseases is in part a consequence of the cycling hormonal growth stimulation resulting in a high cell turnover and accumulation of defects and complicated hormonal equilibrium which is highly sensible to disturbance.^{[citation needed]}

most breast cancers arise from the ductal epithelium (see ductal carcinoma in situ)
phyllodes tumor and intraductal papilloma of the breast
mastalgia is frequently caused by an imbalance of breast secretion in the lobules and resorption in the ducts
nonpuerperal mastitis is frequently caused by a similar mechanism in combination with an infection
duct ectasia is similar and overlapping with the above mentioned
subareolar abscess and squamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts
most forms of fibrocystic breast changes and cysts are thought to originate from lactiferous ducts

References

^ Ramsay, D. T.; Kent, J. C.; Hartmann, R. A.; Hartmann, P. E. (2005). "Anatomy of the lactating human breast redefined with ultrasound imaging". Journal of Anatomy 206 (6): 525–534. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00417.x. PMC 1571528. PMID 15960763.
^ Nguyen, D. A.; Parlow, A. F.; Neville, M. C. (2001). "Hormonal regulation of tight junction closure in the mouse mammary epithelium during the transition from pregnancy to lactation". The Journal of endocrinology 170 (2): 347–356. doi:10.1677/joe.0.1700347. PMID 11479131.
^ Nguyen, D. A.; Neville, M. C. (1998). "Tight junction regulation in the mammary gland". Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 3 (3): 233–246. doi:10.1023/A:1018707309361. PMID 10819511.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 乳児、小児および成人における動脈管開存症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus in term infants children and adults
2. 動脈管開存症のマネージメント management of patent ductus arteriosus
3. 早産児における動脈管開存症の病態生理、臨床症状、および診断 pathophysiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants
4. 血管輪と肺動脈スリング vascular rings and slings
5. 胎児の発育遅延：評価およびマネージメント fetal growth restriction evaluation and management

English Journal

Refraction-based 2D, 2.5D and 3D medical imaging: stepping forward to a clinical trial.

Ando M, Bando H, Endo T, Ichihara S, Hashimoto E, Hyodo K, Kunisada T, Li G, Maksimenko A, Mori K, Shimao D, Sugiyama H, Yuasa T, Ueno E.SourceTokyo University of Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan. msm-ando@rs.noda.tus.ac.jp
European journal of radiology.Eur J Radiol.2008 Dec;68(3 Suppl):S32-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.04.033. Epub 2008 Jul 11.
An attempt at refraction-based 2D, 2.5D and 3D X-ray imaging of articular cartilage and breast carcinoma is reported. We are developing very high contrast X-ray 2D imaging with XDFI (X-ray dark-field imaging), X-ray CT whose data are acquired by DEI (diffraction-enhanced imaging) and tomosynthesis d
PMID 18620829

Japanese Journal

2D and 3D Visualization of Ductal Carcinoma in situ (DCIS) using X-Ray Refraction Contrast

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
bioimages 14, 1-8, 2006
… A large area involving a distorted linear structure and ductus lactiferi has been visualized by 2D XDFI (X-ray dark-field imaging) and furthermore a rod measuring 3.6 mm in diameter and 4.7 mm in height excised from the tissue was observed by 3D X-ray CT. … As a result the ductus lactiferi and microcalcification in a 3D form were all clearly visible. …
NAID 130004479911

Attempt at Visualizing Breast Cancer with X-ray Dark Field Imaging

Ando Masami,Yamasaki Katsuhito,Toyofuku Fukai,Sugiyama Hiroshi,Ohbayashi Chiho,Li Gang,Pan Lin,Jiang Xiaoming,Pattanasiriwisawa Wanwisa,Shimao Daisuke,Hashimoto Eiko,Kimura Tatsuro,Tsuneyoshi Masazumi,Ueno Ei,Tokumori Kenji,Maksimenko Anton,Higashida Yoshiharu,Hirano Masatsugu
Jpn J Appl Phys 44(17), L528-L531, 2005-04-10
… X-ray dark-field imaging (DFI) can clearly visualize breast cancer phantoms and cancer cell nests, stroma, fat tissue, ductus lactiferi, muscle, collagen fibers at stroma and calcification in a 2.8-mm-thick breast cancer pathological specimen. …
NAID 150000013554

Attempt at Visualizing Breast Cancer with X-ray Dark Field Imaging

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 44(16-19), L528-L531, 2005
… X-ray dark-field imaging (DFI) can clearly visualize breast cancer phantoms and cancer cell nests, stroma, fat tissue, ductus lactiferi, muscle, collagen fibers at stroma and calcification in a 2.8-mm-thick breast cancer pathological specimen. …
NAID 130004533030

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「乳管」「laticifer」「latex tube」
関連記事	「duct」「ductus」

「乳管」

Lactiferous duct
	The Breast: cross-section scheme of the mammary gland.; 1. Chest wall; 2. Pectoralis muscles; 3. Lobules; 4. Nipple; 5. Areola; 6. Milk duct; 7. Fatty tissue; 8. Skin
Details
Identifiers
Latin	ductus lactiferi, tubulus lactiferi
Dorlands; /Elsevier	d_29/12314912
TA	A16.0.02.010
FMA	58006
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

英: lactiferous duct, galactophorous duct, mammary duct
ラ: ductus lactiferi
関: 乳房

「laticifer」

　　[★]

乳管

関: ductus lactiferi、latex tube

「latex tube」

　　[★]

乳管

関: ductus lactiferi、laticifer

「duct」

　　[★]

n.

管、(植物)導管

関: canal、conduit、ductal、ductus、meatus、pipe、tubal、tube、vas、vessel

「ductus」

　　[★]

管

関: canal、duct、ductal、meatus、pipe、tubal、tube、vas

[1] Ramsay, D. T.; Kent, J. C.; Hartmann, R. A.; Hartmann, P. E. (2005). "Anatomy of the lactating human breast redefined with ultrasound imaging". Journal of Anatomy 206 (6): 525–534. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00417.x. PMC 1571528. PMID 15960763.

[Nguyen_2001-2] Nguyen, D. A.; Parlow, A. F.; Neville, M. C. (2001). "Hormonal regulation of tight junction closure in the mouse mammary epithelium during the transition from pregnancy to lactation". The Journal of endocrinology 170 (2): 347–356. doi:10.1677/joe.0.1700347. PMID 11479131.

[Nguyen_1998-3] Nguyen, D. A.; Neville, M. C. (1998). "Tight junction regulation in the mammary gland". Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 3 (3): 233–246. doi:10.1023/A:1018707309361. PMID 10819511.

匿名

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案内

案内

ductus lactiferi