WordNet

undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
of nerves and nerve impulses; conveying information away from the CNS; "efferent nerves and impulses" (同)motorial
one of the two male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens; "she kicked him in the balls and got away" (同)testicle, orchis, ball, ballock, bollock, nut, egg

PrepTutorEJDIC

(人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
(血管・導管が)輸出性の,導出性の;(神経が)遠心性の
=testicle

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/28 08:11:56」(JST)

wiki en

The efferent ducts (or efferent ductules or ductuli efferentes or ductus efferentes) connect the rete testis with the initial section of the epididymis.

There are two basic designs for efferent ductule structure:

a) multiple entries into the epididymis, as seen in most large mammals. In humans and other large mammals, there are approximately 15–20 efferent ducts, which also occupy nearly one third of the head of the epididymis.
b) single entry, as seen in most small animals such as rodents, whereby the 3–6 ductules merge into a single small ductule prior to entering the epididymis.

The ductuli are unilaminar and composed of columnar ciliated and non-ciliated (absorptive) cells. The ciliated cells serve to stir the luminal fluids, possibly to help ensure homogeneous absorption of water from the fluid produced by the testis, which results in an increase in the concentration of luminal sperm. The epithelium is surrounded by a band of smooth muscle that helps to propel the sperm toward the epididymis.

Additional images

External links

Organology at UC Davis Reproductive/mammal/testis0/testis4 – "Mammal, testis overview"
Anatomy photo:36:10-0100 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Inguinal Region, Scrotum and Testes: Reflection of the Head of the Epididymis"
Histology image: 16903loa - Histology Learning System at Boston University
Diagram/Quiz (cancer.gov)

This article related to the genitourinary system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児における停留精巣：臨床的特徴および評価 undescended testes cryptorchidism in children clinical features and evaluation
2. 成人における急性陰嚢症の評価 evaluation of the acute scrotum in adults
3. 小児および思春期における陰嚢痛の原因 causes of scrotal pain in children and adolescents
4. 小児における停留精巣：マネージメントの概要 undescended testes cryptorchidism in children overview of management
5. 精細管内胚細胞腫瘍、未分類（精巣上皮内癌、精巣上皮内腫瘍） testicular intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified testicular carcinoma in situ testicular intraepithelial neoplasia

English Journal

Ductuli efferentes of the male Golden Syrian hamster reproductive tract.

Ford J Jr1, Carnes K, Hess RA.
Andrology.Andrology.2014 Mar 28. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00194.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Efferent ductules are responsible for the transportation of spermatozoa from the testis to the epididymis and their epithelium is responsible for the reabsorption of over 90% of the luminal fluid. The purpose of this research was to characterize the gross morphology and histology of efferent ductule
PMID 24677666

Neonatal estrogen treatment with β-estradiol 17-cypionate induces in post-pubertal mice inflammation in the ductuli efferentes, epididymis, and vas deferens, but not in the testis, provoking obstructive azoospermia.

Naito M1, Hirai S, Terayama H, Qu N, Hayashi S, Hatayama N, Kawamura H, Nakano T, Itoh M.
Medical molecular morphology.Med Mol Morphol.2014 Mar;47(1):21-30. doi: 10.1007/s00795-013-0034-z. Epub 2013 Mar 20.
Neonatal estrogen treatment (NET) induces morphological changes in male reproductive organs. NET with β-estradiol 17-cypionate is reported to induce inflammation with stromal-epithelial abnormalities in the prostate and seminal vesicles in post-pubertal mice. The aim of this study was to investigat
PMID 23512148

Observations on variation in the ultrastructure of the proximal testicular ducts of the Ground Skink, Scincella lateralis (Reptilia: Squamata).

Sever DM1, Rheubert JL, Hill TA, Siegel DS.
Journal of morphology.J Morphol.2013 Apr;274(4):429-46. doi: 10.1002/jmor.20104. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
The North American Ground Skink, Scincella lateralis, is a member of the most speciose family of lizards, the Scincidae. The only descriptions of the testicular ducts of skinks concern the light microscopy of 13 species in eight other genera. We combine histological observations with results from tr
PMID 23192894

Japanese Journal

Need Based Structural Changes in the Ductulus Efferentis During Sperm Movements in the Human Epididymis

YASUZUMI Fumioki
Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 84(1), 25-34, 2007
… The dynamic structures of the human ductuli efferentes, which connect between the rete testis and the ductulus epididymidis, are described in the present paper. … All ductuli do not show the same histological contents. …
NAID 130004495028

[原著］Emergence of Spermatogenic Cells and Macrophages in Ductuli Efferentes Testis of Juvenile Rats

Huang Ji-Qian,Kurihara Kazushige,Okura Nobuhiko,Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan
琉球医学会誌 = Ryukyu Medical Journal 20(2), 53-59, 2001
… In order to understand the postnatal developmental events of ductuli efferentes testis, the testis and ductus epididymidis of male Wistar rats in different developmental stages (1-9 weeks) were investigated by histological and immunohistological methods. … A large number of cells appeared in the lumen of ductuli efferentes testis during the juvenile period (3-4 weeks). …
NAID 120002231292

Alanyl Aminopeptidase from Human Seminal Plasma:Purification Characterization, and Immunohistochemical Localization in the Male Genital Tract.

Huang Kai,Takahara Shuji,Kinouchi Toshiaki,Takeyama Masami,Ishida Tetsuo,Ueyama Hisao,Nishi Katsuji,Ohkubo Iwao
The Journal of Biochemistry 122(4), 779-787, 1997
… AAP was immunohistochemically stained in the luminal site-cell membrane of epithelial cells in the prostatic gland and ductuli efferentes of the testis. …
NAID 130003417747

「精巣輸出管」

Efferent ducts
	The location of the efferent ducts within an adult human testicle
	Vertical section of the testis, to show the arrangement of the ducts. (Labeled as vasa efferentia as top center.)
Latin	Ductus efferentes testis
Gray's	p.1244
Precursor	Wolffian duct