WordNet
- without a mucous or watery discharge; "a dry cough"; "that rare thing in the wintertime; a small child with a dry nose"
- become dry or drier; "The laundry dries in the sun" (同)dry out
- remove the moisture from and make dry; "dry clothes"; "dry hair" (同)dry out
- a reformer who opposes the use of intoxicating beverages (同)prohibitionist
- humorously sarcastic or mocking; "dry humor"; "an ironic remark often conveys an intended meaning obliquely"; "an ironic novel"; "an ironical smile"; "with a wry Scottish wit" (同)ironic, ironical, wry
- lacking interest or stimulation; dull and lifeless; "a dry book"; "a dry lecture filled with trivial details"; "dull and juiceless as only book knowledge can be when it is unrelated to...life"- John Mason Brown (同)juiceless
- practicing complete abstinence from alcoholic beverages; "hes been dry for ten years"; "no thank you; I happen to be teetotal" (同)teetotal
- (of food) eaten without a spread or sauce or other garnish; "dry toast"; "dry meat"
- (of liquor) having a low residual sugar content because of decomposition of sugar during fermentation; "a dry white burgundy"; "a dry Bordeaux"
- free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet; "dry land"; "dry clothes"; "a dry climate"; "dry splintery boards"; "a dry river bed"; "the paint is dry"
- having a large proportion of strong liquor; "a very dry martini is almost straight gin"
- having no adornment or coloration; "dry facts"; "rattled off the facts in a dry mechanical manner"
- lacking moisture or volatile components; "dry paint"
- lacking warmth or emotional involvement; "a dry greeting"; "a dry reading of the lines"; "a dry critique"
- not producing milk; "a dry cow"
- not shedding tears; "dry sobs"; "with dry eyes"
- opposed to or prohibiting the production and sale of alcoholic beverages; "the dry vote led by preachers and bootleggers"; "a dry state"
- unproductive especially of the expected results; "a dry run"; "a mind dry of new ideas"
- used of solid substances in contrast with liquid ones; "dry weight"
- a solid substance in the form of tiny loose particles; a solid that has been pulverized (同)pulverization, pulverisation
- apply powder to; "She powdered her nose"; "The King wears a powdered wig"
- any of various cosmetic or medical preparations dispensed in the form of a pulverized powder
- draw deep into the lungs in by breathing; "Clinton smoked marijuana but never inhaled"
- draw in (air); "Inhale deeply"; "inhale the fresh mountain air"; "The patient has trouble inspiring"; "The lung cancer patient cannot inspire air very well" (同)inspire, breathe in
- a dispenser that produces a chemical vapor to be inhaled in order to relieve nasal congestion (同)inhalator
- consisting of fine particles; "powdered cellulose"; "powdery snow"; "pulverized sugar is prepared from granulated sugar by grinding" (同)powdery, pulverized, pulverised, small-grained, fine-grained
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『乾いた』,乾燥した / 『雨の降らない』,日照り続きの / 水のかれた,干上がった / (家畜などが)乳の出ない / 涙の出ない / 液状でない,固形の / のどが乾く,のどが乾いた / (パンが)バター(ジャム)などのついていない;(パン・ケーキが)古い,固くなった / ありのままの,飾りけのない,そっけない / (ユーモア・皮肉などが)さりげない / (ぶどう酒などが)辛口の / 禁酒の,禁酒法実施の / …‘を'『乾かす』《+『名』+『up,』+『up』+『名』》 / (手ぬぐい・ハンカチなどで)〈手・足など〉‘を'ぬぐう,ふく《+『名』+『with』(『on』)+『名』》 / (保存のために)〈食物〉‘を'乾燥させる / 『乾く』,〈水が〉かれる《+『up』(『out』)》
- 〈U〉〈C〉『粉』,粉末 / 〈U〉おしろい / 〈U〉〈C〉粉薬 / 〈U〉火薬,爆薬(gunpowder) / 〈U〉粉雪 / …‘を'粉にする / (粉などを)…‘に'ふりかける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈顔など〉‘に'おしろいをつける / 粉になる / おしろいをつける
- 〈空気など〉‘を'吸い込む / 息(たばこの煙)を吸い込む
- (薬などの)吸入器 / [人工]呼吸器 / 吸入する人
- 粉に覆われた / 粉末状の
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Development of high efficiency ventilation bag actuated dry powder inhalers.
- Behara SR1, Longest PW2, Farkas DR3, Hindle M4.Author information 1Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.2Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States. Electronic address: pwlongest@vcu.edu.3Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.4Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.AbstractNew active dry powder inhaler systems were developed and tested to efficiently aerosolize a carrier-free formulation. To assess inhaler performance, a challenging case study of aerosol lung delivery during high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy was selected. The active delivery system consisted of a ventilation bag for actuating the device, the DPI containing a flow control orifice and 3D rod array, and streamlined nasal cannula with separate inlets for the aerosol and HFNC therapy gas. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess deposition in the device, emitted dose (ED) from the nasal cannula, and powder deaggregation. The best performing systems achieved EDs of 70-80% with fine particle fractions <5μm of 65-85% and mass median aerodynamic diameters of 1.5μm, which were target conditions for controlled condensational growth aerosol delivery. Decreasing the size of the flow control orifice from 3.6 to 2.3mm reduced the flow rate through the system with manual bag actuations from an average of 35 to 15LPM, while improving ED and aerosolization performance. The new devices can be applied to improve aerosol delivery during mechanical ventilation, nose-to-lung aerosol administration, and to assist patients that cannot reproducibly use passive DPIs.
- International journal of pharmaceutics.Int J Pharm.2014 Apr 25;465(1-2):52-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.01.043. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
- New active dry powder inhaler systems were developed and tested to efficiently aerosolize a carrier-free formulation. To assess inhaler performance, a challenging case study of aerosol lung delivery during high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy was selected. The active delivery system consisted of a
- PMID 24508552
- Design, characterization, and aerosol dispersion performance modeling of advanced spray-dried microparticulate/nanoparticulate mannitol powders for targeted pulmonary delivery as dry powder inhalers.
- Li X1, Vogt FG, Hayes D Jr, Mansour HM.Author information 11 University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Drug Development Division, Lexington, KY 40536-0596.AbstractAbstract Background: The purpose was to design and characterize inhalable microparticulate/nanoparticulate dry powders of mannitol with essential particle properties for targeted dry powder delivery for cystic fibrosis mucolytic treatment by dilute organic solution spray drying, and, in addition, to tailor and correlate aerosol dispersion performance delivered as dry powder inhalers based on spray-drying conditions and solid-state physicochemical properties. Methods: Organic solution advanced spray drying from dilute solution followed by comprehensive solid-state physicochemical characterization and in vitro dry powder aerosolization were used. Results: The particle size distribution of the spray-dried (SD) powders was narrow, unimodal, and in the range of ∼500 nm to 2.0 μm. The particles possessed spherical particle morphology, relatively smooth surface morphology, low water content and vapor sorption (crystallization occurred at exposure above 65% relative humidity), and retention of crystallinity by polymorphic interconversion. The emitted dose, fine particle fraction (FPF), and respirable fraction (RF) were all relatively high. The mass median aerodynamic diameters were below 4 μm for all SD mannitol aerosols. Conclusion: The in vitro aerosol deposition stage patterns could be tailored based on spray-drying pump rate. Positive linear correlation was observed between both FPF and RF values with spray-drying pump rates. The interplay between various spray-drying conditions, particle physicochemical properties, and aerosol dispersion performance was observed and examined, which enabled tailoring and modeling of high aerosol deposition patterns.
- Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery.J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv.2014 Apr;27(2):81-93. doi: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1078. Epub 2014 Feb 6.
- Abstract Background: The purpose was to design and characterize inhalable microparticulate/nanoparticulate dry powders of mannitol with essential particle properties for targeted dry powder delivery for cystic fibrosis mucolytic treatment by dilute organic solution spray drying, and, in addition, to
- PMID 24502451
Japanese Journal
- イナビル®添加乳糖中のβ-ラクトグロブリンおよびその糖鎖付加体が原因と推察されたアナフィラキシーの1例
- Safety Evaluation of Dry Powder Formulations by Direct Dispersion onto Air–Liquid Interface Cultured Cell Layer
Related Links
- UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology ...
- The Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) group offers a place to network and share ideas with regards powder inhalers. Connects professionals working with all aspects ... The Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) group offers a place to network ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- aspirate、aspiration、inhalation、inhalational、inhaling、inspiration、inspiratory、suck、suction、suctorial、vacuum
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- 関
- arid、desiccate、desiccation、drought、drying、exsiccation
[★]
- 関
- atomizer、inhalator、nebulizer、vaporizer
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- 関
- arid、desiccate、desiccation、drought、dry、exsiccation、moisture absorption