同: 迷走神経背側核

WordNet

a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
(astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
the positively charged dense center of an atom
belonging to or on or near the back or upper surface of an animal or organ or part; "the dorsal fin is the vertical fin on the back of a fish and certain marine mammals"
of or relating to the vagus nerve (同)pneumogastric

PrepTutorEJDIC

中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核
(植物の)背部の,背の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/13 07:13:08」(JST)

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The dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve (or posterior motor nucleus of vagus) is a cranial nerve nucleus for the vagus nerve in the medulla that lies under the floor of the fourth ventricle. It mostly serves parasympathetic vagal functions in the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and other thoracic and abdominal vagal innervations. The cell bodies for the preganglionic parasympathetic vagal neurons that innervate the heart reside in the nucleus ambiguus.

Additional cell bodies are found in the nucleus ambiguus, which give rise to the branchial efferent motor fibers of the vagus nerve (CN X) terminating in the laryngeal, pharyngeal muscles, and musculus uvulae.

Additional images

Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive.
The cranial nerve nuclei schematically represented; dorsal view. Motor nuclei in red; sensory in blue.
Dorsal motor nucleus of Vagus with Lewy body pathology

External links

Illustration and text: 08CNX at the University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical school
MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cn10.htm
Overview at mcgill.ca
NIF Search - Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve via the Neuroscience Information Framework

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 迷走神経刺激法 vagal maneuvers
2. 胃排出遅延の原因 pathogenesis of delayed gastric emptying
3. レビー小体型認知症の疫学、病理学、および病因 epidemiology pathology and pathogenesis of dementia with lewy bodies
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5. 気道の神経制御 neuronal control of the airways

English Journal

Ghrelin increases vagally mediated gastric activity by central sites of action.

Swartz EM, Browning KN, A Travagli R, Holmes GM.Author information Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.AbstractBACKGROUND: Vagally dependent gastric reflexes are mediated through vagal afferent fibers synapsing upon neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) which, in turn modulate the preganglionic parasympathetic dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) neurons within the medullary dorsal vagal complex (DVC). The expression and transport of ghrelin receptors has been documented for the afferent vagus nerve, and functional studies have confirmed that vagal pathways are integral to ghrelin-induced stimulation of gastric motility. However, the central actions of ghrelin within the DVC have not been explored fully.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society.Neurogastroenterol Motil.2014 Feb;26(2):272-82. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12261. Epub 2013 Nov 22.
BACKGROUND: Vagally dependent gastric reflexes are mediated through vagal afferent fibers synapsing upon neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) which, in turn modulate the preganglionic parasympathetic dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) neurons within the medullary dorsal vagal complex
PMID 24261332

Mechanisms underlying the neuronal-based symptoms of allergy.

Undem BJ1, Taylor-Clark T2.Author information 1Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore. Electronic address: bundem@jhmi.edu.2Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa.AbstractPersons with allergies present with symptoms that often are the result of alterations in the nervous system. Neuronally based symptoms depend on the organ in which the allergic reaction occurs but can include red itchy eyes, sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, coughing, bronchoconstriction, airway mucus secretion, dysphagia, altered gastrointestinal motility, and itchy swollen skin. These symptoms occur because mediators released during an allergic reaction can interact with sensory nerves, change processing in the central nervous system, and alter transmission in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric autonomic nerves. In addition, evidence supports the idea that in some subjects this neuromodulation is, for reasons poorly understood, upregulated such that the same degree of nerve stimulus causes a larger effect than seen in healthy subjects. There are distinctions in the mechanisms and nerve types involved in allergen-induced neuromodulation among different organ systems, but general principles have emerged. The products of activated mast cells, other inflammatory cells, and resident cells can overtly stimulate nerve endings, cause long-lasting changes in neuronal excitability, increase synaptic efficacy, and also change gene expression in nerves, resulting in phenotypically altered neurons. A better understanding of these processes might lead to novel therapeutic strategies aimed at limiting the suffering of those with allergies.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.J Allergy Clin Immunol.2014 Jan 13. pii: S0091-6749(13)01847-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.027. [Epub ahead of print]
Persons with allergies present with symptoms that often are the result of alterations in the nervous system. Neuronally based symptoms depend on the organ in which the allergic reaction occurs but can include red itchy eyes, sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, coughing, bronchoconstriction, airw
PMID 24433703

Title: Sexually-dimorphic expression of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the brain of a vocal teleost fish (Porichthys notatus).

Goebrecht GK1, Kowtoniuk RA2, Kelly BG3, Kittelberger JM4.Author information 1Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, 300N. Washington St., Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA; Present address: University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr., MC 0661, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: gkegoebrecht@gmail.com.2Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, 300N. Washington St., Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA; Present address: Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA. Electronic address: robert_kowtoniuk@merck.com.3Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, 300N. Washington St., Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA; Present address: Millipore Corporation, 11 Prescott Rd., Jaffrey, NH 03452, USA. Electronic address: kellbr08@gmail.com.4Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, 300N. Washington St., Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA. Electronic address: mkittelb@gettysburg.edu.AbstractVocal communication has emerged as a powerful model for the study of neural mechanisms of social behavior. Modulatory neurochemicals postulated to play a central role in social behavior, related to motivation, arousal, incentive and reward, include the catecholamines, particularly dopamine and noradrenaline. Many questions remain regarding the functional mechanisms by which these modulators interact with sensory and motor systems. Here, we begin to address these questions in a model system for vocal and social behavior, the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus). We mapped the distribution of immunoreactivity for the catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the midshipman brain. The general pattern of TH+ cell groups in midshipman appears to be highly conserved with other teleost fish, with a few exceptions, including the apparent absence of pretectal catecholamine cells. Many components of the midshipman vocal and auditory systems were innervated by TH+ fibers and terminals, including portions of the subpallial area ventralis, the preoptic complex, and the anterior hypothalamus, the midbrain periaqueductal gray and torus semicircularis, several hindbrain auditory nuclei, and parts of the hindbrain vocal pattern generator. These areas thus represent potential sites for catecholamine modulation of vocal and/or auditory behavior. To begin to test functionally whether catecholamines modulate vocal social behaviors, we hypothesized that male and female midshipman, which are sexually dimorphic in both their vocal-motor repertoires and in their responses to hearing conspecific vocalizations, should exhibit sexually dimorphic expression of TH immunoreactivity in their vocal and/or auditory systems. We used quantitative immunohistochemical techniques to test this hypothesis across a number of brain areas. We found significantly higher levels of TH expression in male midshipman relative to females in the TH cell population in the paraventricular organ of the diencephalon and in the TH-innervated torus semicircularis, the main teleost midbrain auditory structure. The torus semicircularis has been implicated in sexually dimorphic behavioral responses to conspecific vocalizations. Our data thus support the general idea that catecholamines modulate vocal and auditory processing in midshipman, and the specific hypothesis that they shape sexually dimorphic auditory responses in the auditory midbrain.
Journal of chemical neuroanatomy.J Chem Neuroanat.2014 Jan 10. pii: S0891-0618(14)00003-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2014.01.001. [Epub ahead of print]
Vocal communication has emerged as a powerful model for the study of neural mechanisms of social behavior. Modulatory neurochemicals postulated to play a central role in social behavior, related to motivation, arousal, incentive and reward, include the catecholamines, particularly dopamine and norad
PMID 24418093

Japanese Journal

Neuronal differentiation of EGF-propagated neurosphere cells after engraftment to the nucleus of the solitary tract

Mitome Masato,Low Hoi Pang,Rodriguez Karen M. Lora,Kitamoto Masafumi,Kitamura Takamasa,Schwartz William J.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS 444(3), 250-253, 2008
NAID 120004687740

Emetic Responses and Neural Activity in Young Musk Shrews during the Breast-Feeding/Weaning Period : Comparison between the High and Low Emetic Response Strains Using a Shaking Stimulus

ITO Hisao,NISHIBAYASHI Mitsuru,MAEDA Seishi,SEKI Makoto,EBUKURO Susumu
Experimental animals 54(4), 301-307, 2005-07
… After stimulation, activated neurons of the dorsal vagal complex and the dorsal reticular formation of the nucleus ambiguus (Amb) were examined by Fos immunohistochemistry. …
NAID 10016627486

「迷走神経背側核」

Posterior nucleus of vagus nerve
	Nuclei of origin of cranial motor nerves schematically represented; lateral view. ("X" visible at bottom center.)
	#9 is vagus nerve and nucleus
Details
Latin	nucleus posterior nervi vagi
Identifiers
NeuroNames	hier-752
NeuroLex ID	Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_11/12582533
TA	A14.1.04.229
FMA	54585
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy