弁別学習
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/05/02 10:28:53」(JST)
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In psychology, discrimination learning is the process by which animals or people learn to make different responses to different stimuli.[1] It was a classic topic in the psychology of learning from the 1920s to the 1970s, and was particularly investigated within:
- comparative psychology, where a key issue was whether continuous or discontinuous learning processes were concerned in the acquisition of discriminations
- human cognitive psychology
- the experimental analysis of behaviour, where a key issue was whether discriminations could be trained without the necessity for the subject to make errors
- developmental psychology, where a key issue was the changes that occur in the process of discrimination as a function of age
- cross-cultural psychology, where a key issue was the role that the cultural appropriateness of the stimuli to be discriminated played in the rate of acquisition of effective discrimination
- mathematical psychology, where attempts were made to formalise the distinctions being drawn in other branches of psychology.
While interest in the learning of discriminations has continued in all those fields, from about 1980 onwards the phrase "discrimination learning" was used less often as the main description either of individual studies or of a field of investigation. Instead, investigations of the learning of discriminations have tended to be described in other terms such as pattern recognition or concept discrimination. This change partly reflects the increasing diversity of studies of discrimination, and partly the general expansion of the topic of cognition within psychology, so that learning is not now the central organizing topic that it was in the mid-20th century.
References
- ^ Discrimination Learning at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Learning
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Simple non-associative learning |
- Habituation
- Sensitization
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Associative learning |
- Operant conditioning
- Classical conditioning
- Imprinting
- Observational learning
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Positive and negative feedback learning and associated dopamine and serotonin transporter binding after methamphetamine.
- Stolyarova A1, O'Dell SJ2, Marshall JF2, Izquierdo A3.
- Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2014 Sep 1;271:195-202. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.06.031. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
- Learning from mistakes and prospectively adjusting behavior in response to reward feedback is an important facet of performance monitoring. Dopamine (DA) pathways play an important role in feedback learning and a growing literature has also emerged on the importance of serotonin (5HT) in reward lear
- PMID 24959862
- The impact of context relevance during extinction learning.
- Lucke S1, Lachnit H, Stüttgen MC, Uengoer M.
- Learning & behavior.Learn Behav.2014 Sep;42(3):256-69. doi: 10.3758/s13420-014-0143-0.
- In two predictive-learning experiments, we investigated the role of the informational value of contexts for the formation of context-specific extinction learning. The contexts were each composed of two elements from two dimensions, A and B. In Phase 1 of each experiment, participants received acquis
- PMID 24934214
- An easy-to-hard effect after nonreinforced preexposure in a sweetness discrimination.
- Sanjuán Mdel C1, Nelson JB, Alonso G.
- Learning & behavior.Learn Behav.2014 Sep;42(3):209-14. doi: 10.3758/s13420-014-0139-9.
- Experiments 1A and 1B used a taste-aversion procedure with rats to demonstrate that exposure to easily discriminated flavors along a dimension (1 % and 10 % sucrose) can facilitate learning a subsequent hard discrimination (4 % and 7 % sucrose) when one of those flavors is paired with illness. E
- PMID 24853379
Japanese Journal
- 坂上 貴之
- 哲學 (130), 1-40, 2013-03-00
- … Although RNS provides compactdescriptions for the complex structures of reinforcement contingencies and many ideas for concrete operations of reinforcement schedules,it has several weak points, such as no elegant descriptive devicesfor dealing with serial responses (e.g., double alternate learning)and complex configurations of discriminative stimuli (e.g., higherconditional discrimination). …
- NAID 120005255749
- 主観的に判別された画像領域情報を用いた画像判別法 (イメージ・メディア・クオリティ)
- 深田 和也,稲積 泰宏,堀田 裕弘
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 : 信学技報 112(316), 17-20, 2012-11-23
- NAID 40019523145
- Rapid Feature Selection Based on Random Forests for High-Dimensional Data
- Hideko Kawakubo,Hiroaki Yoshida
- 情報処理学会研究報告. MPS, 数理モデル化と問題解決研究報告 2012-MPS-89(3), 1-7, 2012-07-09
- … One of the important issues of machine learning is obtaining essential information from high-dimensional data for discrimination. …
- NAID 110009421219
Related Links
- World English Dictionary discrimination learning —n psychol Compare generalization a learning process in which an organism learns to react differently to different stimuli Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th ...
- 世界大百科事典 第2版 discrimination learningの用語解説 - レバーを押せば食餌が与えられる装置(スキナー箱S.kinner box)によって,レバー押しを学習する場合や,迷路学習maze learningのように,迷路のなかで正しい道を通ったときに餌が ...
Related Pictures
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- 英
- discrimination learning
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