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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/27 05:08:18」(JST)

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Diloxanide furoate is a luminal amebicide used in the treatment of amebiasis.^[1] It is considered the luminal agent of choice for mild intestinal amebiasis or asymptomatic cyst carriers. It can also be added to metronidazole (active drug in luminal and extraintestinal amebiasis) in acute amebic dysentery as well as hepatic abscess(In hepatic abscess it is for the control of cysts in the lumen which may cause relapse). The drug was discovered by The Boots Company Plc in 1956 and introduced as Furamide. The Furamide brand is now owned by Abbott Laboratories. It is not available in the US. In India it is available as Amicline by Franco-Indian.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system.^[2]

Safety and effectiveness

A 13-year study conducted by the United States Center for Disease Control between 1977 and 1990 found that this drug had a low incidence of side effects and was successful in treatment of 86% of asymptomatic carriers of Entamoeba histolytica.^[3]

References

^ Fernandes H, D'Souza CR, Swethadri GK, Naik CN (2009). "Ameboma of the colon with amebic liver abscess mimicking metastatic colon cancer". Indian J Pathol Microbiol 52 (2): 228–30. doi:10.4103/0377-4929.48927. PMID 19332922.
^ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^ McAuley JB, Herwaldt BL, Stokes SL; et al. (1992). "Diloxanide furoate for treating asymptomatic Entamoeba histolytica cyst passers: 14 years' experience in the United States". Clin. Infect. Dis. 15 (3): 464–8. doi:10.1093/clind/15.3.464. PMID 1520794.

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 赤痢アメーバによる腸菅アメーバ症 intestinal entamoeba histolytica amebiasis
2. 赤痢アメーバによる腸菅外アメーバ症 extraintestinal entamoeba histolytica amebiasis
3. 抗原虫治療 antiprotozoal therapies
4. ブラストシスチス種 blastocystis species
5. 二核アメーバ dientamoeba fragilis

English Journal

Development of particulate drug formulation against C. parvum: Formulation, characterization and in vivo efficacy.

Blanco-García E1, Guerrero-Callejas F2, Blanco-Méndez J1, Gómez-Couso H3, Luzardo-Álvarez A4.
European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.Eur J Pharm Sci.2016 Sep 20;92:74-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.06.023. Epub 2016 Jul 2.
This research aims towards developing an alternative therapy against Cryptosporidium parvum using bioadhesive paromomycin and diloxanide furoate-loaded microspheres. Microspheres were prepared using chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) and two types of cyclodextrins (β-CD and DM-β-CD) for the potentia
PMID 27381880

Enhancement of site specific delivery of diloxanide furoate as an antiamoebic drug.

Tiwari V1, Verma S2, Verma SK3, Dangi JS1.
European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.Eur J Pharm Sci.2016 Apr 30;86:50-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.03.001. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
The basic aim of the present research work is to deliver the diloxanide furoate (DF) at specific area using pectin microspheres. The microspheres were prepared by spray drying method and cross-linked by zinc acetate. Different concentrations of polymer (pectin 0.5-3%) and cross-linking agent (0-3% w
PMID 26952868

Japanese Journal

赤痢アメーバ症

源河いくみ
日本化学療法学会雜誌 = Japanese journal of chemotherapy 54(5), 435-439, 2006-09-10
… Metronidazole therapy is followed by paromomycin, or diloxanide furoate, which are non absorbed luminal agents that prevent relapse by eradicating residual cysts in the colon. …
NAID 10018040925

シスト排出が遅延した赤痢アメーバ症の1例

外江由希子,東克彦,山根広志,岡田和久,中村嘉典,雑賀明宏,谷本聡,辻内和司,高辻幹雄,岡久渡,伊藤秀一,西岡新吾
日本消化器内視鏡学会雑誌 = Gastroenterological endoscopy 39(7), 1260-1264, 1997-07-20
… Ulcerative lesions were cured with metronidazole and the cysts of amoeba also disappeared in the stool with diloxanide furoate. …
NAID 10006816058

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「furoate」

Diloxanide
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	4-[(dichloroacetyl)(methyl)amino]phenyl furan-2-carboxylate
Clinical data
Trade names	Furamide
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy; category	No available data;
Routes of; administration	Oral
Legal status	Not approved (US, CA);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	90% (diloxanide)
Metabolism	Hydrolyzed to furoic acid and diloxanide, which undergoes extensive glucuronidation
Biological half-life	3 hours
Excretion	Renal (90%), fecal (10%)
Identifiers
CAS Number	3736-81-0
ATC code	P01AC01 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 19529
DrugBank	DB08792
ChemSpider	18400
KEGG	D02480
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1334860
Chemical data
Formula	C14H11Cl2NO4
Molar mass	328.147 g/mol
	SMILES O=C(Oc1ccc(N(C(=O)C(Cl)Cl)C)cc1)c2occc2 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H11Cl2NO4/c1-17(13(18)12(15)16)9-4-6-10(7-5-9)21-14(19)11-3-2-8-20-11/h2-8,12H,1H3 ; Key:BDYYDXJSHYEDGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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フロ酸、フロ酸塩

[pmid19332922-1] Fernandes H, D'Souza CR, Swethadri GK, Naik CN (2009). "Ameboma of the colon with amebic liver abscess mimicking metastatic colon cancer". Indian J Pathol Microbiol 52 (2): 228–30. doi:10.4103/0377-4929.48927. PMID 19332922.

[2] "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

[pmid1520794-3] McAuley JB, Herwaldt BL, Stokes SL; et al. (1992). "Diloxanide furoate for treating asymptomatic Entamoeba histolytica cyst passers: 14 years' experience in the United States". Clin. Infect. Dis. 15 (3): 464–8. doi:10.1093/clind/15.3.464. PMID 1520794.

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diloxanide furoate