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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/21 22:26:32」(JST)

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Dianthovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Dianthoviruses are plant viruses. There are currently three species in this genus including the type species Carnation ringspot virus. The virus probably has a worldwide distribution, and can be transmitted via nematodes, by mechanical inoculation, by grafting of plants and by contact between infected hosts with previously uninfected host.^[1]^[2]

Taxonomy

Group: ssRNA(+)

Order: Unassigned

Family: Tombusviridae
- Genus: Dianthovirus
  Carnation ringspot virus
  
  Red clover necrotic mosaic virus
  
  Sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus

^[2]

Structure

Viruses in Dianthovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, a “hexagonal” appearance, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 28-34 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, bipartite, around 11.3-1.4kb in length. The buoyant density in CsCl of virions is between 1.363-1.366 g cm-3. They have a sedimentation coefficient of 126-132-135 S20w. The pH of their isoelectric point is 4.5. The virions become inactive from about 80-90 °C and are inactive above those temperatures. They are viable in vitro for about 50–70 days. Treatment with ether either decreases or does not alter their infectivity. No lipids have so far been reported.^[1]

Genus	Structure	Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic Arrangement	Genomic Segmentation
Dianthovirus	Icosahedral	T=3	Non-Enveloped	Linear	Monopartite

Life Cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded rna virus transcription, using the premature termination model of subgenomic rna transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by -1 ribosomal frameshifting. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical, seed borne, and contact.^[1]

Genus	Host Details	Tissue Tropism	Entry Details	Release Details	Replication Site	Assembly Site	Transmission
Dianthovirus	Plants	None	Viral movement; mechanical innoculation	Viral movement	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Mechanical: contact; seed

Genome

These viruses have segmented, bipartite genomes that are linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA (1). These genomes are about 5300 nucleotides in length (1). They have a methylated cap at the 5'-end whose sequence type is m7GpppA (1). The genome also codes for non-structural proteins as well as structural proteins (1). Three non-structural proteins have been found (1).

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.

External Links

Viralzone: Dianthovirus
ICTV

English Journal

An inhibitory function of WW domain-containing host proteins in RNA virus replication.

Qin J, Barajas D, Nagy PD.SourceCollege of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
Virology.Virology.2012 May 10;426(2):106-19. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
To identify new genes affecting Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) replication in yeast model host, we are studying protein families, whose members have been identified during previous high throughput screening. In this paper, we have characterized the WW domain-containing protein family from yeast and
PMID 22341780

Experimental infection of the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) with the chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV): infectivity of naked CBPV RNAs.

Chevin A, Schurr F, Blanchard P, Thiéry R, Ribière M.SourceANSES, Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory, Bee Diseases Unit, BP 111, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
Virus research.Virus Res.2012 May 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Chronic paralysis is an infectious and contagious disease of the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) and is caused by the chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV). This disease leads to death in adult bees and is therefore a serious threat for colony health. CBPV is a positive single-stranded RNA virus and its g
PMID 22583665

Japanese Journal

Viral cell-to-cell movement requires formation of cortical punctate structures containing Red clover necrotic mosaic virus movement protein.

Kaido Masanori,Funatsu Naoko,Tsuno Yasuko,Mise Kazuyuki,Okuno Tetsuro
Virology 413(2), 205-215, 2011-05-10
Movement protein (MP) of Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) forms punctate structures on the cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of Nicotiana benthamiana cells, which are associated with viral R …
NAID 120003018213

A Y-shaped RNA structure in the 3' untranslated region together with the trans-activator and core promoter of Red clover necrotic mosaic virus RNA2 is required for its negative-strand RNA synthesis.

An Mengnan,Iwakawa Hiro-oki,Mine Akira,Kaido Masanori,Mise Kazuyuki,Okuno Tetsuro
Virology 405(1), 100-109, 2010-09-15
Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) is a positive-strand RNA virus with a bipartite genome. RNA1 encodes N-terminally overlapping replication proteins, p27 and p88. RNA2 is replicated efficiently …
NAID 120002511243