diacylglycerol kinase

ジアシルグリセロールキナーゼ

WordNet

1. an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme
2. the basic unit of money in Papua New Guinea

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/04 02:46:03」(JST)

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Diacylglycerol kinase
DgkB, soluble DAGK from Staphylococcus aureus. α-helices in red, β-strands in yellow, coils in green.
Identifiers
EC number	2.7.1.107
CAS number	60382-71-0
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

Prokaryotic diacylglycerol kinase
Identifiers
Symbol	DAGK_prokar
Pfam	PF01219
InterPro	IPR000829
PROSITE	PDOC00820
OPM superfamily	217
OPM protein	2kdc
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Diacylglycerol kinase catalytic domain
Identifiers
Symbol	DAGK_cat
Pfam	PF00781
Pfam clan	CL0240
InterPro	IPR001206
SMART	DAGKc
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Diacylglycerol kinase accessory domain
Identifiers
Symbol	DAGK_acc
Pfam	PF00609
InterPro	IPR000756
SMART	DAGKa
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK or DAGK) is a family of enzymes that catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA) utilizing ATP as a source of the phosphate. In non-stimulated cells, DGK activity is low allowing DAG to be used for glycerophospholipid biosynthesis but on receptor activation of the phosphoinositide pathway, DGK activity increases driving the conversion of DAG to PA. As both lipids are thought to function as bioactive lipid signaling molecules with distinct cellular targets, DGK therefore occupies an important position, effectively serving as a switch by terminating the signalling of one lipid while simultaneously activating signalling by another.

In bacteria, DGK is very small (13 to 15 kD) membrane protein which seems to contain three transmembrane domains. The best conserved region is a stretch of 12 residues which are located in a cytoplasmic loop between the second and third transmembrane domains. Some Gram-positive bacteria also encode a soluble diacylglycerol kinase capable of reintroducing DAG into the phospholipid biosynthesis pathway. DAG accumulates in Gram-positive bacteria as a result of the transfer of glycerol-1-phosphate moieties from phosphatidylglycerol to lipotechoic acid.

Mammalian DGK Isoforms

Currently, nine members of the DGK family have been cloned and identified. Although all family members have conserved catalytic domains and two cysteine rich domains, they are further classified into five groups according to the presence of additional functional domains and substrate specificity. These are as follows:

• Type 1 - DGK-α, DGK-β, DGK-γ - contain EF-hand motifs and a recoverin homology domain
• Type 2 - DGK-δ, DGK-η - contain a pleckstrin homology domain
• Type 3 - DGK-ε - has specificity for arachidonate-containing DAG
• Type 4 - DGK-ζ, DGK-ι - contain a MARCKS homology domain, ankyrin repeats, a C-terminal nuclear localisation signal, and a PDZ-binding motif.
• Type 5 - DGK-θ - contains a third cysteine-rich domain, a pleckstrin homology domain and a proline rich region

External links

• Diacylglycerol Kinase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• EC 2.7.1.107

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. Chapter 6A：ホルモンの作用機序 chapter 6a mechanisms of hormone action
• 2. プロテインキナーゼCと糖尿病の血管合併症 protein kinase c and the vascular complications of diabetes mellitus
• 3. 糖尿病性多発性神経障害の病因および予防 pathogenesis and prevention of diabetic polyneuropathy
• 4. T細胞受容体シグナル伝達 t cell receptor signaling
• 5. 血小板機能に対する心臓病剤の影響 effect of cardiac drugs on platelet function

English Journal

• Comparative analysis of the hepatopancreas transcriptome of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fed with lard oil and fish oil diets.

• Tian JJ1, Lu RH2, Ji H3, Sun J1, Li C1, Liu P1, Lei CX1, Chen LQ4, Du ZY4.
• Gene.Gene.2015 Jul 10;565(2):192-200. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
• n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFAs) have been shown to suppress lipid accumulation and improve protein utilization in grass carp; however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism. Hence, we analyzed the hepatopancreas transcriptome of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)
• PMID 25865300

• Protein kinase D1/2 is involved in the maturation of multivesicular bodies and secretion of exosomes in T and B lymphocytes.

• Mazzeo C1, Calvo V1, Alonso R1, Mérida I2, Izquierdo M1.
• Cell death and differentiation.Cell Death Differ.2015 Jun 5. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2015.72. [Epub ahead of print]
• Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are endocytic compartments that enclose intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) formed by inward budding from the limiting membrane of endosomes. In T lymphocytes, these ILV contain Fas ligand (FasL) and are secreted as 'lethal exosomes' following activation-induced fusion of the M
• PMID 26045048

• Characterization of a New DGKE Intronic Mutation in Genetically Unsolved Cases of Familial Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.

• Mele C1, Lemaire M1, Iatropoulos P1, Piras R1, Bresin E1, Bettoni S1, Bick D1, Helbling D1, Veith R1, Valoti E1, Donadelli R1, Murer L1, Neunhäuserer M1, Breno M1, Frémeaux-Bacchi V1, Lifton R1, Remuzzi G2, Noris M1.
• Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN.Clin J Am Soc Nephrol.2015 Jun 5;10(6):1011-9. doi: 10.2215/CJN.08520814. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Genetic and acquired abnormalities causing dysregulation of the complement alternative pathway contribute to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), a rare disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, nonimmune microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute kidney failure.
• PMID 25854283

Japanese Journal

• Diacylglycerol Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic β-Cells : An Essential Role of Diacylglycerol Kinase in the Regulation of Insulin Secretion (Recent Progress in the Research of Insulin Secretion)

• Kaneko Yukiko K.,Ishikawa Tomohisa
• Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 38(5), 669-673, 2015-05
• NAID 40020440656

• Diacylglycerol Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic β-Cells: An Essential Role of Diacylglycerol Kinase in the Regulation of Insulin Secretion

• Kaneko Yukiko K.,Ishikawa Tomohisa
• Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 38(5), 669-673, 2015
• … Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a lipid signal messenger and plays a physiological role in β-cells. … Although the primary function of DAG is to activate protein kinase C (PKC), the role of PKC in insulin secretion is controversial: PKC has been reported to act as both a positive and negative regulator of insulin secretion. … The intracellular levels of DAG are strictly regulated by diacylglycerol kinase (DGK); …
• NAID 130005068090

• 補体関連因子の異常によるaHUS

• 吉田 瑶子,松本 雅則
• 臨床血液 56(2), 185-193, 2015
• 非典型溶血性尿毒症症候群(aHUS)は，微小血管症性溶血性貧血，血小板減少，急性腎障害の3徴候で知られている希少疾患である。aHUSという病名は，志賀毒素産生大腸菌(STEC)感染HUSと区別するために使用されてきた。aHUSの多くの症例（約70%）で，補体活性化第二経路に属する因子の遺伝子異常が報告されている。また，最近では凝固関連因子異常がaHUSの病因であることも示されたが，本稿では補体関連 …
• NAID 130004920707

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関連記事	「kinase」「diacylglycerol」

「kinase」

　　[★] キナーゼ カイネース リン酸化酵素 phosphoenzyme phosphotransferase 　

「diacylglycerol」

　　[★] ジアシルグリセロール。DG DAG