関: colcemid

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/04 02:11:37」(JST)

wiki en

Demecolcine, also known as Colcemid, is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is closely related to the natural alkaloid colchicine with the replacement of the acetyl group on the amino moiety with methyl, but it is less toxic. It depolymerises microtubules and limits microtubule formation (inactivates spindle fibre formation), thus arresting cells in metaphase and allowing cell harvest and karyotyping to be performed.

During cell division, demecolcine inhibits mitosis at metaphase by inhibiting spindle formation. Medically, demecolcine has been used to improve the results of cancer radiotherapy by synchronising tumour cells at metaphase, the radiosensitive stage of the cell cycle.^[1]

In animal cloning procedures, demecolcine makes an ovum eject its nucleus, creating space for insertion of a new nucleus.^[2]

Mechanism of action

Demecolcine is a microtubule-depolymerizing drug like vinblastine. It acts by two distinct mechanisms. At very low concentration it binds to microtubule plus end to suppress microtubule dynamics.^[3] Recent study has found at higher concentration Colcemid can promote microtubule detachment from microtubule organizing center. Detached microtubules with unprotected minus end depolymerizes with time. Cytotoxicity of the cells seems to correlate better with microtubule detachment.^[4] Lower concentration affects microtubule dynamics and cell migration.^[4]

References

^ Brit med J., 1965, 1, 495 – 496
^ Reprod Nutr Dev. 2006 Mar-Apr;46(2):219-26
^ Jordan, Mary Ann; Wilson, Leslie (2004). "Microtubules as a target for anticancer drugs". Nature reviews. Cancer. 4 (4): 253–65. doi:10.1038/nrc1317. PMID 15057285.
^ ^a ^b Yang, Hailing; Ganguly, Anutosh; Cabral, Fernando (2010). "Inhibition of cell migration and cell division correlate with distinct effects of microtubule inhibiting drugs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285 (42): 32242–50. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.160820. PMC 2952225. PMID 20696757.

This antineoplastic or immunomodulatory drug article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

English Journal

Chemically induced enucleation of activated bovine oocytes: chromatin and microtubule organization and production of viable cytoplasts.

Saraiva NZ1, Oliveira CS2, Leal CL3, de Lima MR4, Del Collado M4, Vantini R4, Monteiro FM5, Niciura SC6, Garcia JM4.
Zygote (Cambridge, England).Zygote.2015 Dec;23(6):852-62. doi: 10.1017/S0967199414000537. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
As the standard enucleation method in mammalian nuclear transfer is invasive and damaging to cytoplast spatial organization, alternative procedures have been developed over recent years. Among these techniques, chemically induced enucleation (IE) is especially interesting because it does not employ
PMID 25318529

Chemically assisted somatic cell nuclear transfer without micromanipulator in the goat: effects of demecolcine, cytochalasin-B, and MG-132 on the efficiency of a manual method of oocyte enucleation using a pulled Pasteur pipette.

Hosseini SM1, Hajian M2, Forouzanfar M2, Ostadhosseini S2, Moulavi F2, Ghanaei HR2, Gourbai H3, Shahverdi AH4, Vosough AD5, Nasr-Esfahani MH6.
Animal reproduction science.Anim Reprod Sci.2015 Jul;158:11-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.04.002. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
The present study aimed to facilitate widespread application of a previously described manual method of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) by investigating the effects of demecolcine (a microtubule-depolymerizing chemical), cytochalasin-B (a microfilament-depolymerizing chemical: 2.5μg/ml for 15m
PMID 25956201

Recurrent micronucleation through cell cycle progression in the presence of microtubule inhibitors.

Nakayama Y1, Uno N, Uno K, Mizoguchi Y, Komoto S, Kazuki Y, Nanba E, Inoue T, Oshimura M.
Cell structure and function.Cell Struct Funct.2015;40(1):51-9. doi: 10.1247/csf.14005. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
Although most cell lines undergo mitotic arrest after prolonged exposure to microtubule inhibitors, some cells subsequently exit this state and become tetraploid. Among these cells, limited numbers of rodent cells are known to undergo multinucleation to generate multiple small independent nuclei, or
PMID 25736016

Japanese Journal

Unstable Chromosome Aberrations Do Not Accumulate in Normal Human Fibroblast after Fractionated X-Irradiation

PLOS ONE 10(2), e0116645, 2015-02-27
NAID 120005602580

The Establishment of Tetraploid Human Embryonic Cells Using Demecolcine

CYTOLOGIA 78(4), 417-423, 2013
NAID 130004448257

Effects of Demecolcine and Sucrose on the Incidence of Cytoplasmic Protrusions Containing Chromosomes in Pig Oocytes Matured In Vitro

The Journal of reproduction and development 54(2), 117-121, 2008-04-01
NAID 10021218892

「デメコルチン」

Demecolcine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(S)-1,2,3,10-Tetramethoxy-7-methylamino-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]heptalen-9-one
Identifiers
CAS Number	477-30-5
ATC code	L01CC01 (WHO)
PubChem	CID 2832
ChemSpider	191135
UNII	Z01IVE25KI
ChEMBL	CHEMBL312862
Chemical data
Formula	C21H25NO5
Molar mass	371.43 g/mol
	SMILES O=C/1C(\OC)=C/C=C2\C(=C\1)[C@@H](NC)CCc3c2c(OC)c(OC)c(OC)c3 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C21H25NO5/c1-22-15-8-6-12-10-18(25-3)20(26-4)21(27-5)19(12)13-7-9-17(24-2)16(23)11-14(13)15/h7,9-11,15,22H,6,8H2,1-5H3/t15-/m0/s1 ; Key:NNJPGOLRFBJNIW-HNNXBMFYSA-N ;
(verify)