WordNet
- reduction or removal by the government of restrictions on a classified document or weapon
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈書類などを〉機密情報のリストから落とすこと,機密指定から解くこと
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/09/20 15:15:39」(JST)
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Declassification is the process of documents that formerly were classified as secret ceasing to be so restricted, often under the principle of freedom of information. Procedures for declassification vary by country. Papers may be withheld without being classified as secret, and eventually made available.
Contents
- 1 United Kingdom
- 2 United States
- 3 See also
- 4 References
United Kingdom
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This section requires expansion. (November 2010) |
See also: Freedom of information in the United Kingdom
Classified information has been governed by various Official Secrets Acts, the latest being the Official Secrets Act 1989. Until 1989 requested information was routinely kept secret invoking the public interest defence; this was largely removed by the 1989 Act. The Freedom of Information Act 2000 largely requires information to be disclosed unless there are good reasons for secrecy.
Confidential government papers such as the yearly cabinet papers used routinely to be withheld formally, although not necessarily classified as secret, for 30 years under the thirty year rule, and released usually on a New Year's Day; freedom of information legislation has relaxed this rigid approach.
United States
Main article: Classified information in the United States
Executive Order 13526 establishes the mechanisms for most declassifications, within the laws passed by Congress. The originating agency assigns a declassification date, by default 10 years. After 25 years declassification review is automatic, with nine narrow exceptions that allow information to continue to be classified. At 50 years there are two exceptions, and classifications beyond 75 years require special permission. Because of changes in policy and circumstances, agencies are expected to actively review documents that have been classified for fewer than 25 years. They must also respond to Mandatory Declassification Review and Freedom of Information Act requests. The National Archives and Records Administration houses the National Declassification Center to coordinate reviews and Information Security Oversight Office to promulgate rules and enforce quality measures across all agencies. NARA reviews documents on behalf of defunct agencies and permanently stores declassified documents for public inspection. The Interagency Security Classification Appeals Panel has representatives from several agencies.
See also
- Freedom of information
- Freedom of information legislation
- United States v. Reynolds
References
English Journal
- The definition of mental disorder: evolving but dysfunctional?
- Bingham R1, Banner N.
- Journal of medical ethics.J Med Ethics.2014 Feb 7. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2013-101661. [Epub ahead of print]
- Extensive and diverse conceptual work towards developing a definition of 'mental disorder' was motivated by the declassification of homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual in 1973. This highly politicised event was understood as a call for psychiatry to provide assurances against fu
- PMID 24509359
- Are there financial savings associated with supplementing current diagnostic practice for preeclampsia with a novel test? Learnings from a modeling analysis from a German payer perspective.
- Hadker N1, Garg S, Costanzo C, van der Helm W, Creeden J.
- Hypertension in pregnancy : official journal of the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy.Hypertens Pregnancy.2013 May;32(2):105-19. doi: 10.3109/10641955.2011.638958.
- OBJECTIVE: To quantify the financial impact of adding a novel serum test to the current diagnostic toolkit for preeclampsia (PE) detection in Germany.METHODS: A decision-analytic model was created to quantify the economic impact of adding a recently developed novel diagnostic test for PE (Roche Diag
- PMID 23725076
- Unethical research and the C.I.A. Inspector General Report of 2004: observations implicit in terms of the common rule.
- Llanusa-Cestero R.
- Accountability in research.Account Res.2010 Mar;17(2):96-113. doi: 10.1080/08989621003708493.
- Declassification of documents has given rise to the allegation that the Central Intelligence Agency may have conducted unethical research targeting detainee subjects. That allegation is examined using document analysis and the development of research goals and roles as defined in the Common Rule. Th
- PMID 20306352
Japanese Journal
- 米国における国家機密の指定と解除 : わが国における秘密保全法制の検討材料として
- 三権分立における米副大統領の地位と役割 : 行政府及び立法府との関係 (北川紀男教授退任記念号)
- 松村 昌廣
- 桃山学院大学社会学論集 44(2), 95-110, 2011-03-28
- … In conjunction with the litigation of the Government Accounting Office versus Cheney concerning declassification of records of a presidential commission, the National Energy Policy Development, which he chaired, the Office of Vice President claimed that no law and executive directive on declassitication of executive information apply to a vice president; …
- NAID 110008425094
- 知的障害はいかに理解され概念化されてきたか : AAMR/AAIDDでの議論を踏まえて
- 清水 貞夫
- 障害者問題研究 37(2), 2-12, 2009-08-00
- アメリカ精神遅滞学会(AAMR)による知的障害定義・診断(1961年から2002年まで)を取り上げ,知的障害概念の変遷を考察する.過去41年間,知的障害の概念構成3要件(低知能,低適応行動,発達期での発現)は変化しないものの,適応行動/適応スキル概念の曖昧さとその測定における妥当性,信頼性のなさが指摘され続けた.それが特に問題になったのは,病因の不明な「軽度」者の誤過大鑑別と誤過小鑑別である.これ …
- NAID 110007138079
Related Links
- Declassification definition, to remove the classification from (information, a document, etc.) that restricts access in terms of secrecy, confidentiality, etc. See more. Thesaurus Translate Puzzles & Games Word of the Day Blog ...
- de·clas·si·fy (dē-klăs′ə-fī′) tr.v. de·clas·si·fied, de·clas·si·fy·ing, de·clas·si·fies To remove official security classification from (a document). de·clas′si·fi′a·ble adj. de·clas′si·fi·ca′tion (-fĭ-kā′shən) n. declassification The determination that ...
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