WordNet
- a swelling that is the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis
- (of a leaf shape) narrowly triangular, wider at the apex and tapering toward the base (同)wedge-shaped
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 小塊茎,塊根 / 瘤状突起,結節
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/23 11:30:16」(JST)
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| Brain: Cuneate nucleus |
Dissection of brain-stem. Dorsal view. (Label for "nucleus cuneatus" is on left, third from the bottom.)
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Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive.
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| Latin |
nucleus cuneatus |
| Gray's |
subject #187 774 |
| NeuroNames |
hier-764 |
| NeuroLex ID |
birnlex_2640 |
One of the dorsal column nuclei, the cuneate nucleus is a wedge-shaped nucleus in the closed part of the medulla oblongata. It contains cells that give rise to the cuneate tubercle, visible on the posterior aspect of the medulla. It lies laterally to the gracile nucleus and medial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the medulla.
Contents
- 1 Function
- 2 Inputs
- 3 Pathology
- 4 See also
- 5 Additional images
- 6 External links
Function[edit source | edit]
The cuneate nucleus is part of posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway, carrying fine touch and proprioceptive information from the upper body (above T6, except the face and ear - the information from the face and ear is carried by the primary sensory trigeminal nucleus) to the contralateral thalamus via the medial lemniscus.
Inputs[edit source | edit]
It receives direct input from the mechanoreceptors of the upper body as well as indirect input from them via the spinal cord. It is also subject to descending control from the central nervous system.
Pathology[edit source | edit]
It may be affected by vitamin E deficiency exhibiting neuroaxonal swelling.[citation needed]
See also[edit source | edit]
Additional images[edit source | edit]
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Dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
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Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
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Superior terminations of the posterior fasciculi of the medulla spinalis.
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Diagram showing the course of the arcuate fibers.
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The formatio reticularis of the medulla oblongata, shown by a transverse section passing through the middle of the olive.
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Scheme showing the course of the fibers of the lemniscus; medial lemniscus in blue, lateral in red.
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Transverse section passing through the sensory decussation.
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Deep dissection of cortex and brain-stem.
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External links[edit source | edit]
- Brainstem at UWisc 04NGNC
- BrainMaps at UCDavis Cuneate nucleus
- NIF Search - Cuneate Nucleus via the Neuroscience Information Framework
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Human brain: rhombencephalon, myelencephalon: medulla (TA A14.1.04, GA 9.767)
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| Dorsal |
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Surface
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Posterior median sulcus · Posterolateral sulcus · Area postrema · Vagal trigone · Hypoglossal trigone · Medial eminence
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Grey: Cranial nuclei
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afferent: GVA: VII,IX,X: Solitary/tract/Dorsal respiratory group · SVA: Gustatory nucleus · GSA: VIII-v (Lateral, Medial, Inferior)
efferent: GSE: XII · GVE: IX,X,XI: Ambiguus · SVE: X: Dorsal · IX: Inferior salivatory nucleus
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Grey: other
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Gracile nucleus · Cuneate nucleus · Accessory cuneate nucleus
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White: Sensory/ascending
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Sensory decussation · Medial lemniscus · Inferior cerebellar peduncle (Juxtarestiform body) · Ascending dorsal longitudinal fasciculus · MLF, III, IV and VI
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White: Motor/descending
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Descending dorsal longitudinal fasciculus · MLF, III, IV and VI
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| Ventral |
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White: Motor/descending
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Motor decussation · Olivocerebellar tract · Rubro-olivary tract
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Grey matter
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Ventral respiratory group · Arcuate nucleus of medulla · Inferior olivary nucleus · Rostral ventromedial medulla
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Surface
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Anterior median fissure · Anterolateral sulcus · Olive · Pyramid
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Grey: Raphe/
reticular |
Reticular formation (Gigantocellular, Parvocellular, Ventral, Lateral, Paramedian) · Raphe nuclei (Obscurus, Magnus, Pallidus)
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anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp
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noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
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Brain and spinal cord: neural tracts and fasciculi
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Sensory/
ascending |
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PCML
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1°: Pacinian corpuscle/Meissner's corpuscle → Posterior column (Gracile fasciculus/Cuneate fasciculus) → Gracile nucleus/Cuneate nucleus
2°: → sensory decussation/arcuate fibers (Posterior external arcuate fibers, Internal arcuate fibers) → Medial lemniscus/Trigeminal lemniscus → Thalamus (VPL, VPM)
3°: → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Postcentral gyrus
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Anterolateral/
pain
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Fast/lateral
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1° (Free nerve ending → A delta fiber) → 2° (Anterior white commissure → Lateral and Anterior Spinothalamic tract → Spinal lemniscus → VPL of Thalamus) → 3° (Postcentral gyrus) → 4° (Posterior parietal cortex)
2° ( Spinotectal tract → Superior colliculus of Midbrain tectum)
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Slow/medial
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1° (Group C nerve fiber → Spinoreticular tract → Reticular formation) → 2° (MD of Thalamus) → 3° (Cingulate cortex)
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Motor/
descending |
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Pyramidal
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flexion: Primary motor cortex → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Decussation of pyramids → Corticospinal tract (Lateral, Anterior) → Neuromuscular junction
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Extrapyramidal
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flexion: Primary motor cortex → Genu of internal capsule → Corticobulbar tract → Facial motor nucleus → Facial muscles
flexion: Red nucleus → Rubrospinal tract
extension: Vestibulocerebellum → Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulospinal tract
extension: Vestibulocerebellum → Reticular formation → Reticulospinal tract
Midbrain tectum → Tectospinal tract → muscles of neck
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Basal ganglia
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direct: 1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPi) → 3° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 4° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 5° (Motor cortex)
indirect: 1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPe) → 3° (Subthalamic fasciculus → Subthalamic nucleus) → 4° (Subthalamic fasciculus → GPi) → 5° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 6° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 7° (Motor cortex)
nigrostriatal pathway: Pars compacta → Striatum
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| Cerebellar |
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Afferent
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Vestibular nucleus → Vestibulocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum → Granule cell
Pontine nuclei → Pontocerebellar fibers → MCP → Deep cerebellar nuclei → Granule cell
Inferior olivary nucleus → Olivocerebellar tract → ICP → Hemisphere → Purkinje cell → Deep cerebellar nuclei
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Efferent
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Dentate nucleus in Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum → SCP → Dentatothalamic tract → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex
Interposed nucleus in Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum → SCP → Reticular formation, or → Cerebellothalamic tract → Red nucleus → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex
Fastigial nucleus in Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum → Vestibulocerebellar tract → Vestibular nucleus
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Bidirectional:
Spinocerebellar
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Unc. prop.
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lower limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Posterior thoracic nucleus → Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellar vermis)
upper limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Accessory cuneate nucleus → Cuneocerebellar tract → ICP → Anterior lobe of cerebellum)
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Reflex arc
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lower limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract→ SCP → Cerebellar vermis)
upper limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° ( Rostral spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum)
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anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp
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noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
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anat (h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys (r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp
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noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Immunohistochemical localization of candidates for vesicular glutamate transporters in the rat brain.
- Kaneko T1, Fujiyama F, Hioki H.
- The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2002 Feb 25;444(1):39-62.
- Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1) is one of the best markers for glutamatergic neurons, because it accumulates transmitter glutamate into synaptic vesicles. Differentiation-associated Na(+)-dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter (DNPI) shows 82% amino acid identity to VGluT1, and is an
- PMID 11835181
- Localization of nitric oxide synthase in the adult rat brain.
- Rodrigo J1, Springall DR, Uttenthal O, Bentura ML, Abadia-Molina F, Riveros-Moreno V, Martínez-Murillo R, Polak JM, Moncada S.
- Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.1994 Jul 29;345(1312):175-221.
- The distribution of the immunoreactivity to nitric oxide synthase has been examined from rostral to caudal areas of the rat central nervous system using light microscopy. Endogenous nitric oxide synthase was located using a specific polyclonal antiserum, produced against affinity purified nitric oxi
- PMID 7526408
- Localization of neurokinin B in the central nervous system of the rat.
- Merchenthaler I1, Maderdrut JL, O'Harte F, Conlon JM.
- Peptides.Peptides.1992 Jul-Aug;13(4):815-29.
- The distribution of neurokinin B (NKB) was determined by immunocytochemistry with antisera directed toward its amino terminus. Immunoreactive perikarya were detected in the main and accessory olfactory bulbs, cortical regions, the olfactory tubercle, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the diag
- PMID 1437720
Related Links
- cuneate tu·ber·cle the bulbous rostral extremity of the fasciculus cuneatus corresponding to the position of the cunate nucleus, lying lateral to the gracile tubercle and separated from the trigeminal tubercle (tuberculum cinereum) on ...
- Cuneate Tubercle Hierarchy level in atlas is 4: 3 superstructures include it. abbreviation: cut Details? Abbreviation cut Species Macaca fascicularis Description of part No description provided. The original URL is Endorsement ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- cuneate tubercle, tubercle of cuneate nucleus
- ラ
- tuberculum nuclei cuneati
- 関
- 楔状束
[★]
- 関
- cuneiform、sphenoid、wedge shape、wedge-shaped
[★]
結節
- 関
- node、nodose、nodulate、tubercular、tuberosity