WordNet

cover with or as with a cowl; "cowl the boys and veil the girls"
a loose hood or hooded robe (as worn by a monk)
frown with displeasure
a tuft of hair that grows in a different direction from the rest of the hair and usually will not lie flat
tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores (同)Arisarum vulgare
shaped like a cowl
female of domestic cattle: "`moo-cow is a childs term" (同)moo-cow
mature female of mammals of which the male is called `bull
a large unpleasant woman
having the head enclosed in a cowl or hood; "a cowled monk"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(修道僧の着る)ずきん付き外衣;(僧衣についた)ずきん,僧帽 / (換気筒の)通風帽 / =cowling
顔をしかめる,怒った(不きげんな)顔をする;(…を)にらむ《+『at』(『on』)+『名』》 / …‘を'顔をしかめて表す(言う) / しかめっつら,仏頂づら
(頭の)立ち毛
『雌牛』,乳牛 / (鯨・象・サイなどの)雌
…'を'おどす
(飛行機の)エンジンおおい

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/03/09 19:59:13」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

This article is about the garment used by monks and nuns. For other uses, see Cowl (disambiguation).

A Roman Catholic monk wearing a cowl

Drawing showing a hooded monk

The cowl (from the Latin: cuculla, meaning "little house") is an item of clothing consisting of a long, hooded garment with wide sleeves. Originally it may have referred simply to the hooded portion of a cloak. In contemporary usage, however, it is distinguished from a cloak or cape (cappa) by the fact that it refers to an entire closed garment. Today it is worn primarily by most Catholic and Anglican monks when participating in liturgical services.

Developed during the early Middle Ages in Northern Europe, they became the formal garment for those in monastic life. Originally they were worn simply to give greater warmth than would an open cloak to people who regularly spent long hours in unheated and drafty churches.

Religious usage

The cowl is traditionally bestowed upon the monk at the time of making solemn, or lifetime, profession. Prior to their solemn vows, the monks still in training wear a hooded cloak. The cowl is generally worn in conformity with the color of the monk's tunic, with the Benedictines wearing black, and other groups which follow the Rule of St. Benedict, e.g., the Camaldolese and Cistercians, wearing differing shades of white. Though not Benedictines, the Carthusians make use of a cowl as well. The Camaldolese of Monte Corona, however, always wear a cloak instead of a cowl.

While not cowls in the monastic sense, the mendicant Orders have retained the use of a cappa (cape) as part of their habit. In their case, however, it is a regular part of their religious habit and worn by all members of the Order, both as street dress and in church. The Carmelites wear a white cape, although their tunic and scapular are brown, from which they were known in medieval England as the "Whitefriars". Dominicans wear a black cape over a white habit—hence, their ancient nickname of "Blackfriars". Both the cowl and the cape, though without a hood, are also worn by the nuns associated to each Order, in the same manner.^[1]

St. Tikhon of Moscow wearing the patriarchal white koukoulion

Among the Eastern Christians (Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholics) the monastic hood developed into the koukoulion worn by monks of the Great Schema, the highest degree of monasticism in the Eastern Church. Currently the koukoulion is of two types: one is similar to the hood still worn by some Western monastic orders, the other takes the form of a stiff rounded hat (like a bowler hat without a rim) to which is attached an epanokamelavkion (veil with lappets). The koukoulion is usually embroidered with crosses and the Instruments of the Passion. The koukoulion is also worn by the Patriarchs of some of the autocephalous Orthodox churches.

External links

"Cowl". Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IV, 1908
"Carthusians" Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume III, 1908

References

^ "Cowl" Encyclopaedia Britannica (Including photo of Franciscan friars wearing capes)

English Journal

Organ donation after cardiac death in children: acceptance of a protocol by multidisciplinary staff.

Cowl AS, Cummings BM, Yager PH, Miller B, Noviski N.SourceAllison S. Cowl is a pediatric intensivist at Connecticut Children's Medical Center in Hartford. Brian M. Cummings, Phoebe H. Yager, and Natan Noviski are pediatric intensivists and Brenda Miller is a nurse manager in the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.
American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.Am J Crit Care.2012 Sep;21(5):322-7.
Background Organ donation after cardiac death is increasingly implemented, with outcomes similar to those of organ donation after brain death. Many hospitals hesitate to implement a protocol for donation after cardiac death because of the potential negative reactions among health care providers. Ob
PMID 22941705

Impact of direct-to-consumer predictive genomic testing on risk perception and worry among patients receiving routine care in a preventive health clinic.

James KM, Cowl CT, Tilburt JC, Sinicrope PS, Robinson ME, Frimannsdottir KR, Tiedje K, Koenig BA.SourceBiomedical Ethics Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic.Mayo Clin Proc.2011 Oct;86(10):933-40.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of direct-to-consumer (DTC) predictive genomic risk information on perceived risk and worry in the context of routine clinical care.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients attending a preventive medicine clinic between June 1 and December 18, 2009, were randomly assigned to re
PMID 21964170

Spirometry in the occupational health setting--2011 update.

Townsend MC; Occupational and Environmental Lung Disorders Committee.Collaborators (15)Townsend M, Eschenbacher W, Beckett W, Bohnker B, Brodkin C, Cowl C, Guidotti T, Jolly A, Litow F, Lockey J, Petsonk E, Raymond L, Scanlon P, Truncale T, Wintermeyer S.
Journal of occupational and environmental medicine / American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.J Occup Environ Med.2011 May;53(5):569-84.
PMID 21555926

Japanese Journal

スケルトンソリカウル製作とその操作特性

長坂明彦,竹把悠,松原達郎,山本紘太
長野工業高等専門学校紀要 = Memoirs of Nagano National College of Technology 46, 2-1, 2012-06-30
NAID 120004856805

1418 集風塔型風車のカウル形状に関する研究(OS14-4 再生可能流体エネルギー,オーガナイズドセッション)

田川隆昌,高松恭兵,松村昌典,佐藤敏則
流体工学部門講演会講演論文集 2010, 425-426, 2010-10-29
… The purpose of this study is to understand the optimum cowl shape for the accelerate ratio of wind speed. … Several type of cowl shape were used for this experiment, e.g. expansion cowl, contraction cowl, double structure composed of inner cowl and outer cowl and single structure. …
NAID 110008739615

二輪車ライダー周り流れのCFD解析(バイオ・マイクロ・スポーツの流れスポーツ流体,一般講演)

高橋易資,倉川幸紀,杉田治臣,石間経章,小保方富夫
日本流体力学会年会講演論文集 2009, 266, 2009-09-02
… There are many airflow paths in a motorcycle with a cowl and a windscreen; …
NAID 110008459913

燃焼器カウル部流れの数値解析 : 重合格子法適用の妥当性と形状の最適設計

三宅慶明,牧田光正,中村直紀
日本ガスタービン学会誌 37(2), 104-110, 2009-03-20
… The complex flow field in a combustor cowl region is analyzed numerically by using the Overset Grid Method. …
NAID 110007131501

Related Pictures

Lara's Cowl | Red Heart Hooded Cowl” Click here to cancel reply Large Wool Cowl - Circle Scarf - Infinity Lot Detail - Cowl Worn Onscreen by George This cowl was an accidenthence the name Crochet Beginner 1 Hour Cowl - FYNES Chunky Cowl CROCHET PATTERN Infinity Scarf