WordNet

undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue on which it has a specific effect (同)endocrine, internal_secretion
tested and proved useful or correct; "a tested method" (同)tried, well-tried
tested and proved to be reliable (同)time-tested, tried, tried and true

PrepTutorEJDIC

(人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
ホルモン
testis の複数形

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1. コルチコトロピン-放出ホルモン（CRH）刺激試験 corticotropin releasing hormone stimulation test
2. コルチコトロピン-放出ホルモン（CRH）の生理学 physiology of corticotropin releasing hormone
3. クッシング症候群の原因の特定 establishing the cause of cushings syndrome
4. クッシング症候群の診断 establishing the diagnosis of cushings syndrome
5. バソプレシンおよびデスモプレシン刺激試験 vasopressin and desmopressin stimulation test

English Journal

The fractalkine/Cx3CR1 system is implicated in the development of metabolic visceral adipose tissue inflammation in obesity.

Polyák A1, Ferenczi S1, Dénes A1, Winkler Z1, Kriszt R1, Pintér-Kübler B1, Kovács KJ2.Author information 1Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.2Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary. Electronic address: kovacs@koki.hu.AbstractDiet-induced obesity and related peripheral and central inflammation are major risk factors for metabolic, neurological and psychiatric diseases. The chemokine fractalkine (Cx3CL1) and its receptor Cx3CR1 play a pivotal role in recruitment, infiltration and proinflammatory polarization of leukocytes and micoglial cells, however, the role of fractalkine signaling in the development of metabolic inflammation is not fully resolved. To address this issue, fractalkine receptor deficient (Cx3CR1 gfp/gfp) mice were exposed to normal or fat-enriched diet (FatED) for 10weeks and physiological-, metabolic- and immune parameters were compared to those animals in which the fractalkine signaling is maintained by the presence of one functioning allele (Cx3CR1 +/gfp). Mice with intact fractalkine signaling develop obesity characterized by increased epididymal white fat depots and mild glucose intolerance, recruit leukocytes into the visceral adipose tissue and display increased expression of subset of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines when exposed to fat-enriched diet. By contrast, Cx3CR1-deficient (gfp/gfp) mice gain significantly less weight on fat-enriched diet and have smaller amount of white adipose tissue (WAT) in the visceral compartment than heterozygote controls. Furthermore, Cx3CR1 gfp/gfp mice fed a fat-enriched diet do not develop glucose intolerance, recruit proportionally less number of gfp-positive cells and express significantly less MCP-1, IL-1α and TNFα in the WAT than control animals with fat-enriched diet induced obesity. Furthermore, heterozygote obese, but not fractalkine receptor deficient mice express high levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and arginase1 markers in the visceral fat. The effect of fat-enriched diet on cytokine expression pattern was specific for the WAT, as we did not detect significant elevation of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and monocyte chemoatracting protein (MCP-1) expression in the liver or in the hypothalamus in either genotype. These results highlight the importance of fractalkine signaling in recruitment and polarization of adipose tissue immune cells and identify fractalkine as a target to fight obesity-induced inflammatory complications.
Brain, behavior, and immunity.Brain Behav Immun.2014 Jan 21. pii: S0889-1591(14)00011-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.01.010. [Epub ahead of print]
Diet-induced obesity and related peripheral and central inflammation are major risk factors for metabolic, neurological and psychiatric diseases. The chemokine fractalkine (Cx3CL1) and its receptor Cx3CR1 play a pivotal role in recruitment, infiltration and proinflammatory polarization of leukocytes
PMID 24456845

Activation of urocortin 1 and ghrelin signaling in the basolateral amygdala induces anxiogenesis.

Currie PJ, Schuette LM, Wauson SE, Voss WN, Angeles MJ.Author information Department of Psychology, Reed College, Portland, Oregon, USA.AbstractPrior anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated the importance of the basolateral region of the amygdala in the regulation of anxiogenic and anxiolytic behaviors. In the present report we investigated the anxiety-inducing effects of the corticotropin-releasing hormone-related peptide urocortin 1 (Ucn1) and the gut-brain peptide ghrelin. Both peptides were injected directly into the basolateral amygdala of male Sprague-Dawley rats and performance in the elevated plus maze was assessed. Ghrelin was administered at doses of 3-300 pmol and Ucn1 at doses of 0.01-1.0 pmol. Separate groups of rats were pretreated with Ucn1 before ghrelin treatment. In all experiments each test was performed as a single trial per animal. Results indicated that both ghrelin and Ucn1 elicited an increase in anxiogenic behavior. Moreover, Ucn1 pretreament potentiated the anxiogenic action of ghrelin. Overall these findings provide support for an integrated role of ghrelin and urocortin signaling within the basolateral amygdala in the expression of anxiogenesis.
Neuroreport.Neuroreport.2014 Jan 8;25(1):60-4. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000047.
Prior anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated the importance of the basolateral region of the amygdala in the regulation of anxiogenic and anxiolytic behaviors. In the present report we investigated the anxiety-inducing effects of the corticotropin-releasing hormone-related peptide uroco
PMID 24113112

Differentiating between Cushing's disease and Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome: comparison of four tests.

Alwani RA, Schmit Jongbloed LW, de Jong FH, Van der Lely AJ, de Herder W, Feelders RA.Author information R Alwani, Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Netherlands.AbstractOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 4 different tests in order to differentiate between Cushing's disease (CD) and Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome (PCS).
European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies.Eur J Endocrinol.2014 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 4 different tests in order to differentiate between Cushing's disease (CD) and Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome (PCS).METHODS: In this prospective study a total of 73 patients with clinical features of hypercortisolism and insufficient suppression of ser
PMID 24394725

Japanese Journal

シャトルボックス条件回避行動時におけるHatano高回避系および低回避系ラットの内分泌学的系統差

AKIEDA ASAI Sayaka,OHTA Ryo,SHIROTA Mariko,JAROENPORN Sukanya,WATANABE Gen,TAYA Kazuyoshi
Experimental animals 60(5), 509-516, 2011-10-01
… Hatano high (HAA)- and low (LAA)-avoidance rats were selected from Sprague-Dawley rats genetically on the basis of their active avoidance behavior in a shuttle-box test. … The purpose of this study was to investigate stress-related alterations of hormones corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), arginine-vasopressin (AVP), prolactin, and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) in the brain and blood during early avoidance acquisition using two lines of Hatano rats. …
NAID 10029835535

The Serotonergic Projection from the Median Raphe Nucleus to the Ventral Hippocampus is Involved in the Retrieval of Fear Memory Through the Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Type 2 Receptor

Ohmura Yu,Izumi Takeshi,Yamaguchi Taku,Tsutsui-Kimura Iku,Yoshida Takayuki,Yoshioka Mitsuhiro
Neuropsychopharmacology 35(6), 1271-1278, 2010-05
… Several different studies have separately established that serotonin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors, and the hippocampus are involved in fear memory retrieval. … To assess the levels of anxiety/fear, we employed the contextual fear-conditioning test and the elevated plus maze test as memory-dependent and -independent tasks, respectively. …
NAID 120002548777

「副腎皮質刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン試験」

　　[★]

英: corticotropin-releasing hormone test, CRH test
同: CRH試験、CRH負荷試験、CRH負荷テスト
関: クッシング病、クッシング症候群

判定

	ACTH	コルチゾール
クッシング病	↑↑(過大反応)		下垂体のACTH分泌能が亢進している
クッシング症候群(クッシング病以外)	無反応		過剰のコルチゾールにより下垂体が抑制されている

視床下部性下垂体機能低下症	↑		CRHが欠損or少ないだけで下垂体はintact
ACTH単独欠損症	無反応	無反応	下垂体機能↓
下垂体前葉機能低下症	無～低反応	無～低反応	下垂体機能↓