関: mamillary body、mammillary、mammillary body

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a collection of writings; "he edited the Hemingway corpus"
the main part of an organ or other bodily structure

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/05/29 14:15:32」(JST)

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The mammillary bodies (mamillary bodies) are a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the brain, that, as part of the diencephalon form part of the limbic system. They are located at the ends of the anterior arches of the fornix. They consist of two groups of nuclei, the medial mammillary nuclei and the lateral mammillary nuclei.^[1]

Neuroanatomists have often categorized the mammillary bodies as part of the hypothalamus.^[2]

Connections [edit]

They are connected to other parts of the brain (as shown in the schematic, below left), and act as a relay for impulses coming from the amygdalae and hippocampi, via the mamillo-thalamic tract to the thalamus.

This circuit, from amygdalae to mammillary bodies, and then on to the thalamus, is part of the larger Papez circuit.

Function [edit]

Mammillary bodies, and their projections to the anterior thalamus via the mammillothalamic tract, are important for recollective memory.^[3]

They are believed to add the element of smell to memories.^{[citation needed]}

Pathology [edit]

Damage to the mammillary bodies due to thiamine deficiency is implied in pathogenesis of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Symptoms include impaired memory, also called anterograde amnesia, suggesting that the mammillary bodies may be important for memory. Lesions of the medial dorsal and anterior nuclei of the thalami and lesions of the mammillary bodies are commonly involved in amnesic syndromes in humans.^[4]

Additional images [edit]

Brain
Human brainstem anterior view
Basal view of a human brain
Mammillary body shown in red(animation)
Mammillary body
Cerebrum. Deep dissection. Inferior dissection.

References [edit]

^ http://www.cf.ac.uk/psych/resources/vann2004.pdf Reference for the two groups of nuclei (not for the text before).
^ M.B. Carpenter and J. Sutin: Human Neuroanatomy (8th edition) 1983
^ Seralynne D. Vann (2010). "Re-evaluating the role of the mammillary bodies in memory". Neuropsychologia 48: 2316–2327. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.019.
^ Duprez T, Serieh B, Raftopoulos C (1 January 2005). "Absence of memory dysfunction after bilateral mammillary body and mammillothalamic tract electrode implantation: preliminary experience in three patients". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 26 (1): 195–7; author reply 197–8. PMID 15661728.

External links [edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mammillary bodies

Vann S, Aggleton J (2004). "The mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one?". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 (1): 35–44. doi:10.1038/nrn1299. PMID 14708002. Unknown parameter |unused_data= ignored (help)
TheFreeDictionary.com - 'Mammillary body'
Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-3

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English Journal

Isolated prospective confabulation in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a case for reality filtering.

Schnider A, Nahum L, Pignat JM, Leemann B, Lövblad KO, Wissmeyer M, Ptak R.Sourcea Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Faculty , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
Neurocase.Neurocase.2013 Feb;19(1):90-104. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2011.654221. Epub 2012 Apr 18.
A 57-year-old man suffered severe amnesia and disorientation, accompanied by content-specific confabulation, due to an alcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. For months, he was deeply concerned about a single obligation that he thought he had to respond to, but which he had already assumed 20 years
PMID 22512690

Acetylcholine facilitates recovery of episodic memory after brain damage.

Croxson PL, Browning PG, Gaffan D, Baxter MG.SourceGlickenhaus Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Friedman Brain Institute, and Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.J Neurosci.2012 Oct 3;32(40):13787-95. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2947-12.2012.
Episodic memory depends on a network of interconnected brain structures including the inferior temporal cortex, hippocampus, fornix, and mammillary bodies. We have previously shown that a moderate episodic memory impairment in monkeys with transection of the fornix is exacerbated by prior depletion
PMID 23035090

Japanese Journal

FIBER CONNECTIONS OF THE CORPUS MAMILLARE IN THE TILAPIA (PERCIFORM, TELEOSTEI)

SAWAI Nobuhiko,YAMAMOTO Naoyuki,YOSHIMOTO Masami,ITO Hironobu
Proceedings of the Japan Society for Comparative Endocrinology 13, 15, 1998-07
NAID 10002629099

腹腔剌戟ニ因ル反射的胃腸運動抑制中樞ニ關スル實驗的研究

早川正己
京都府立医科大学雑誌 35(1/2/3/4), 651-736, 1942
… Durch die Entfernung des Thalamus, Tuber cinereum und des Corpus quadrigeminum liess sich niemals ein Auftreten des Hemmungsreflexes herbeifuhren, trotzdem durch die Entfernung des Corpus mamillare der Hemmungsreflex deutlich abgeschwacht wird. …
NAID 110007121044

癲癇腦の病理組織學的研究

奈良林秀彌,Narabayashi Hideya
千葉醫學會雜誌 18(8), 1173-1218, 1940-08
… idiopathische Epilepsien: in der Grosshirnrinde, Globus pallidus, Corpus mamillare, Substantia nigra, Nucl. … 2) 3 senile Epilepsien: Gyrusatrophie, Erweichungsherde im Putamen und Thalamus opticus, ein Blutungsherd im Pons, Atrophie des Corpus mamillare, Nervenparenchymdegeneration in der Grosshirnrinde, Ammonsrinde, Kleinhirnrinde, Nucl. … dentatus, Corpus mamillare, Globus pallidus, Substantia nigra und Nucl. …
NAID 120001142833

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「乳頭体」「mammillary」「mammillary body」
関連記事	「corpus」

「乳頭体」

Brain: Mammillary body
	The hypophysis cerebri in position. Shown in sagittal section. (Label "corpus mamillare" at right.)
	Coronal section of brain through intermediate mass of third ventricle. (Label "corpora mamillaria" at bottom.)
Latin	Corpus mamillare; (Plural: Corpora mamillaria)
Gray's	subject #188 813
Part of	Midbrain
System	Limbic
Components	medial mammillary nucleus; lateral mammillary nucleus
Acronym(s)	mmb
NeuroNames	hier-395
MeSH	Mamillary+Bodies
NeuroLex ID	birnlex_865