WordNet
- feathers covering the body of an adult bird and determining its shape
- form the contours of
- a line drawn on a map connecting points of equal height (同)contour_line
- a feature (or the order or arrangement of features) of anything having a complex structure; "the contours of the melody"; "it defines a major contour of this administration"
- join tongue and groove, in carpentry
- turning an oar parallel to the water between pulls (同)feathering
- the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds (同)plume, plumage
- turn the oar, while rowing (同)square
- turn the paddle; in canoeing (同)square
- cover or fit with feathers
- having or covered with feathers; "our feathered friends"
- 1 conto equals 1,000 escudos in Portugal
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》《単数扱い》(図形・体・物体などの)輪郭,外形;(言葉の)抑揚を表す線 / =contour line / (土地の流失を防ぐため)等高線に沿って耕作する / (体・物などの)輪郭にぴったりするように作られた / 〈道路〉'を'等高線に沿って建設する / 〈ある地域〉‘の'等高線を地図に記入する
- (1枚の)『羽』,羽毛 / 羽毛のように軽い(弱い,小さい,つまらない)もの / …‘に'羽毛を付ける;…‘に'羽飾りを付ける / (ボートをこぐとき)〈オール〉‘を'水平に返す
- 羽毛のある,羽毛の生えた
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/04/19 03:32:27」(JST)
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Pennaceous feathers. This type of feather is present in most modern birds and has been shown in some species of maniraptoriform dinosaurs. A pennaceous feather has a stalk or quill. Its basal part, called a calamus, is embedded in the skin. The calamus is hollow and has pith formed from the dry remains of the feather pulp, and the calamus opens below by an inferior umbilicus and above by a superior umbilicus. The stalk above the calamus is a solid rachis having an umbilical groove on its underside. Pennaceous feathers have a central shaft (or rachis) with vanes or vaxillum spreading to either side. These vanes are composed of a high number of flattened barbs, that are connected to one another with barbules.
The barbules are tiny strands that criss-cross on the flattened side s of the barbs. This forms a kind of miniature velcro-like mesh that holds all the barbs together, stabilizing the vanes.[1]
Pennaceous feathers on the forelimb or wing are often attached strongly due to stresses related to flight or other activities. This strong attachment is accomplished by ligaments under the skin, which in some birds and feathered dinosaurs results in raised bumps or marks along the rear forelimb bone (ulna). These bumps, called "quill knobs" (ulnar papillae) are often used as an indirect indication of strongly-attached forelimb feathers in fossil species, and can also indirectly indicate the number of secondary regimes in a given specimen.[2][3]
Flight feathers (remiges and rectrices) are specialized types of pennaceous feathers, adapted for high loadings and often strongly asymmetric for improved flight performance.
Literature
- ^ A Kovalev, AE Filippov, SN Gorb (2014) Unzipping bird feathers. J. R. Soc. Interface 11 (92) 20130988. doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0988
- ^ Turner, A.H.; Makovicky, P.J.; Norell, M.A. (2007). "Feather quill knobs in the dinosaur Velociraptor". Science 317 (5845): 1721. Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1721T. doi:10.1126/science.1145076. PMID 17885130.
- ^ Zelenitsky, D. K.; Therrien, F.; Erickson, G. M.; Debuhr, C. L.; Kobayashi, Y.; Eberth, D. A.; Hadfield, F. (2012). "Feathered Non-Avian Dinosaurs from North America Provide Insight into Wing Origins". Science 338 (6106): 510–514. doi:10.1126/science.1225376. PMID 23112330. edit
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Regulatory Divergence among Beta-Keratin Genes during Bird Evolution.
- Bhattacharjee MJ1, Yu CP1, Lin JJ2, Ng CS3, Wang TY1, Lin HH1, Li WH4.
- Molecular biology and evolution.Mol Biol Evol.2016 Nov;33(11):2769-2780. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
- PMID 27501942
- Seasonality, biology and threats to Sicalis luteola (Sparrman, 1789) (Aves, Thraupidae) in northeastern Brazil.
- Pereira GA1, Larrazábal MA2, Azevedo-Júnior SM1.
- Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia.Braz J Biol.2016 Aug 29:0. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.09215. [Epub ahead of print]
- PMID 27579973
- New occurrences of fossilized feathers: systematics and taphonomy of the Santana Formation of the Araripe Basin (Cretaceous), NE, Brazil.
- Prado GM1, Anelli LE2, Petri S2, Romero GR1.
- PeerJ.PeerJ.2016 Jul 7;4:e1916. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1916. eCollection 2016.
- PMID 27441102
Japanese Journal
- Sexing the Oriental White Stork Ciconia boyciana by PCR Using a Single Plucked Feather as a Source of DNA
Related Links
- Feathers are unique to birds. Those of adults are admirably engineered to be lightweight yet strong. They are of three basic types, each associated with certain functions. Contour feathers (including the flight and tail feathers) define ...
- contour feather n. Any of the outermost feathers of a bird, forming the visible body contour and plumage. contour feather n (Zoology) any of the feathers that cover the body of an adult bird, apart from the wings and tail, and determine ...
★リンクテーブル★
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- 輪郭、外形。輪郭線。(pl.)(女性などの)体の線
- (pl.)概略、形勢
- 輪郭を示す。輪郭/外形に合わせた。等高をしめす。等高線に沿った
- ~に輪郭/外形を描く/つける。~の輪郭となる。(地図など)に等高線を記す。後頭線に沿って(道を)つける。(山)の起伏をたどる
- 関
- edge, outline, profile
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