WordNet

filamentous hairlike growth on a plant; "peach fuzz" (同)fuzz, tomentum
a filamentous projection or process on an organism
any of the cylindrical filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal; "there is a hair in my soup" (同)pilus
a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss; "he combed his hair"; "each hair consists of layers of dead keratinized cells"
a soft thin (usually translucent) paper (同)tissue_paper
part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
a protective covering (as for a knife or sword)
an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part (同)case
connecting or tending to connect; "connective remarks between chapters"; "connective tissue in animals"; "conjunctive tissue in plants"

PrepTutorEJDIC

《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
〈C〉(人間・動物の1本の)『毛』;(植物・昆虫などの)毛 / 〈U〉《集合的に》『髪の毛』,毛,毛髪;(動物の)体毛 / 《a~》1本の毛ほどの量(距離,程度),ごくわずか
〈U〉〈C〉(生物体の)『組織』 / 〈U〉〈C〉『薄織物』 / 〈U〉〈C〉水を吸収する柔らかな薄紙 / 〈C〉カーボンコピー用薄紙 / 〈C〉《a ~》(…を)織り交ぜて作ったもの《+of+名》 / =tissue paper
(刀などの)さや / (動・植物のある部分をおおう)さや;(ケーブルの)鎧装(がいそう)など・体にぴったり合った女性の衣服
結びつける,連結の,接続の / 連結辞(接続詞・関係代名詞など)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 遺伝性腎癌症候群 hereditary kidney cancer syndromes
2. ファブリー病の治療 treatment of fabry disease
3. 未分化型の全身性リウマチ性（結合組織）疾患およびオーバーラップ症候群 undifferentiated systemic rheumatic connective tissue diseases and overlap syndromes
4. 混合性結合組織病の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease
5. 混合性結合組織病の定義および診断 definition and diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease

English Journal

CCN2 modulates hair follicle cycling in mice.

Liu S1, Leask A.Author information 1Departments of Dentistry and Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.AbstractIt is critical to understand how stem cell activity is regulated during regeneration. Hair follicles constitute an important model for organ regeneration because, throughout adult life, they undergo cyclical regeneration. Hair follicle stem cells-epithelial cells located in the follicle bulge-are activated by periodic β-catenin activity, which is regulated not only by epithelial-derived Wnt, but also, through as-yet-undefined mechanisms, the surrounding dermal microenvironment. The matricellular protein connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) is secreted into the microenvironment and acts as a multifunctional signaling modifier. In adult skin, CCN2 is largely absent but is unexpectedly restricted to the dermal papillae and outer root sheath. Deletion of CCN2 in dermal papillae and the outer root sheath results in a shortened telogen-phase length and elevated number of hair follicles. Recombinant CCN2 causes decreased β-catenin stability in keratinocytes. In vivo, loss of CCN2 results in elevated numbers of K15-positive epidermal stem cells that possess elevated β-catenin levels and β-catenin-dependent reporter gene expression. These results indicate that CCN2 expression by dermal papillae cells is a physiologically relevant suppressor of hair follicle formation by destabilization of β-catenin and suggest that CCN2 normally acts to maintain stem cell quiescence.
Molecular biology of the cell.Mol Biol Cell.2013 Dec;24(24):3939-44. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E13-08-0472. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
It is critical to understand how stem cell activity is regulated during regeneration. Hair follicles constitute an important model for organ regeneration because, throughout adult life, they undergo cyclical regeneration. Hair follicle stem cells-epithelial cells located in the follicle bulge-are ac
PMID 24152728

The immune system of mouse vibrissae follicles: cellular composition and indications of immune privilege.

Bertolini M1, Meyer KC, Slominski R, Kobayashi K, Ludwig RJ, Paus R.Author information 1Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.AbstractAlthough vibrissae hair follicles (VHFs) have long been a key research model in the life sciences, their immune system (IS) is essentially unknown. Therefore, we have characterized basic parameters of the VHF-IS of C57BL/6J mice by quantitative (immuno-)histomorphometry. Murine anagen VHF harbour few CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the distal mesenchyme and sinuses but hardly any gamma-delta T cells in their distal epithelium. MHC class II+ Langerhans cells are seeded in the VHF infundibulum, which is also surrounded by MHC class II+ and CD11b+ cells (macrophages). The number of Langerhans cells then declines sharply in the VHF bulge, and the VHF bulb lacks MHC class II+ cells. Mast cells densely populate the VHF connective tissue sheath, where they strikingly cluster around the bulge. Both the bulge and the bulb of VHF display signs of immune privilege, that is, low MHC class I and MHC class II expression and local immunoinhibitor expression (CD200, TGFβ1). This immunophenotyping study fills an important gap in the immunobiology of murine skin and identifies differences between the IS of VHF, mouse pelage and human terminal HFs. This facilitates utilizing murine VHF as a versatile organ culture model for general immunology and immune privilege research in situ.
Experimental dermatology.Exp Dermatol.2013 Sep;22(9):593-8. doi: 10.1111/exd.12205.
Although vibrissae hair follicles (VHFs) have long been a key research model in the life sciences, their immune system (IS) is essentially unknown. Therefore, we have characterized basic parameters of the VHF-IS of C57BL/6J mice by quantitative (immuno-)histomorphometry. Murine anagen VHF harbour fe
PMID 23947674

[Functions of exogenous application of connective tissue growth factor in stimulating human dermal papilla cells and human hair follicle outer root sheath cells for reconstructive tissue-engineering hair follicles].

Zhang PP1, Chai JK, Wang JP, Duan HJ, Ma L, Zhu GY.Author information 1Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.AbstractOBJECTIVE: To explore the functions of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the restoration of hair follicles with a mixture of human dermal papilla cells and human hair follicle outer root sheath cells in vitro in nude mice.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi.Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi.2013 Apr 9;93(14):1063-6.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the functions of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the restoration of hair follicles with a mixture of human dermal papilla cells and human hair follicle outer root sheath cells in vitro in nude mice.METHODS: Human hair follicle outer root sheath cells (hfORS) and human
PMID 23902837