WordNet

present at birth but not necessarily hereditary; acquired during fetal development (同)inborn, innate
an abnormal passage leading from a suppurating cavity to the body surface (同)sinus

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1. 環状切除の合併症 complications of circumcision
2. 膀胱外反症を有する小児の外科的マネージメントおよび術後経過 surgical management and postoperative outcome of children with bladder exstrophy
3. 尿道下裂 hypospadias
4. 新生児の環状切除：利益とリスク neonatal circumcision risks and benefits
5. 後部尿道弁のマネージメント management of posterior urethral valves

Fertility and sexual dysfunction issues in adults with genitourinary congenital anomalies.

Trofimenko V1, Brant WO.
Current opinion in urology.Curr Opin Urol.2016 Jul;26(4):357-62. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000295.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: As growing numbers of adolescents with a history of congenital genitourinary anomalies successfully enter adulthood, their spectrum of urologic concerns broadens to include sexual function and reproduction.RECENT FINDINGS: In hypospadias repair, preoperative testosterone was found
PMID 27139192

Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula: 3 new cases and review of literature.

User IR1, Karakus SC1, Akçaer V1, Özokutan BH1, Ceylan H1.
Archivos espanoles de urologia.Arch Esp Urol.2016 Jun;69(5):238-243.
OBJECTIVE: Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula, is a rare anomaly characterised by fistulisation of penile urethra to skin and presence of a concomitant normal or hypospadiac external urethral meatus. It may be seen as an isolated anomaly or may accompany genitourinary or anorectal malforma
PMID 27291560

Eccentric circummeatal based flap with limited urethral mobilization: An easy technique for distal hypospadias repair.

Ekinci S1, Çiftçi AÖ2, Karnak İ2, Şenocak ME2.
Journal of pediatric urology.J Pediatr Urol.2016 Apr;12(2):116.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.09.013. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
BACKGROUND: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly. Over 300 techniques have been described for repairing hypospadias.OBJECTIVE: Eccentric circummeatal based flap with combined limited urethral mobilization technique (ECMB-LUM) is a simple procedure to repair distal hypospadias with minimal comp
PMID 26738636