congenital rubella syndrome

先天性風疹症候群 CRS

WordNet

1. a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
2. a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"
3. present at birth but not necessarily hereditary; acquired during fetal development (同)inborn, innate
4. the basic unit of money in Belarus

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態
2. (病気・身体的欠陥など)生まれつきの,先天的な
3. =German measles

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/06 20:31:31」(JST)

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Congenital rubella syndrome
White pupils due to congenital cataract in a child with congenital rubella syndrome
Classification and external resources
Specialty	Teratology
ICD-10	P35.0
ICD-9-CM	771.0
DiseasesDB	11729
MedlinePlus	001658
eMedicine	emerg/388
MeSH	D012410

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) can occur in a developing fetus of a pregnant woman who has contracted rubella, usually in the first trimester. If infection occurs 0–28 days before conception, the infant has a 43% chance of being affected. If the infection occurs 0–12 weeks after conception, the chance increases to 51%. If the infection occurs 13–26 weeks after conception, the chance is 23% of the infant being affected by the disease. Infants are not generally affected if rubella is contracted during the third trimester, or 26–40 weeks after conception. Problems rarely occur when rubella is contracted by the mother after 20 weeks of gestation and continues to disseminate the virus after birth.

It was discovered in 1941 by Australian Norman McAlister Gregg.

The molecular basis for the causation of congenital rubella syndrome are not yet completely clear, but in vitro studies with cell lines showed that rubella virus has an apoptotic effect on certain cell types. There is evidence for a p53-dependent mechanism.

Signs and symptom

Infant with skin lesions from congenital rubella

"Salt-and-pepper" retinopathy is characteristic of congenital rubella.

Congenital rubella serology time-line

The classic triad for congenital rubella syndrome is:

• Sensorineural deafness (58% of patients)
• Eye abnormalities—especially retinopathy, cataract, and microphthalmia (43% of patients)
• Congenital heart disease—especially pulmonary artery stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus (50% of patients)

Other manifestations of CRS may include:

• Spleen, liver, or bone marrow problems (some of which may disappear shortly after birth)
• Intellectual disability
• Small head size (microcephaly)
• Eye defects
• Low birth weight
• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Extramedullary hematopoiesis (presents as a characteristic blueberry muffin rash)
• Hepatomegaly
• Micrognathia

Children who have been exposed to rubella in the womb should also be watched closely as they age for any indication of:

• Developmental delay
• Autism spectrum disorders
• Schizophrenia
• Growth retardation
• Learning disabilities
• Diabetes mellitus
• Glaucoma

Prevention

Vaccinating the majority of the population is effective at preventing congenital rubella syndrome.

References

External links

• Delayed effects of Congenital Rubella Syndrome
• DeafBlind.com
• Helen Keller National Center

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 先天性風疹症候群：臨床的特徴および診断 congenital rubella syndrome clinical features and diagnosis
• 2. 先天性風疹症候群：管理、転帰、および予防 congenital rubella syndrome management outcome and prevention
• 3. TORCH感染の概要 overview of torch infections
• 4. 妊娠中の風疹 rubella in pregnancy
• 5. 風疹 rubella

English Journal

• Fetal and neonatal abnormalities due to congenital rubella syndrome: a review of literature.

• Yazigi A1, De Pecoulas AE1, Vauloup-Fellous C2, Grangeot-Keros L2, Ayoubi JM1,3, Picone O1,3.
• The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2017 Feb;30(3):274-278. Epub 2016 Apr 25.
• OBJECTIVE: Rubella virus infection during the first trimester of pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). We aimed to describe the abnormalities in order to define the ultrasound features to look for when performing prenatal scans. The goal of this review is to focus specifically on th
• PMID 27002428

• Measles, mumps, rubella and VZV: importance of serological testing of vaccine-preventable diseases in young adults living with HIV in Germany.

• Schwarze-Zander C1, Draenert R2, Lehmann C3, Stecher M3, Boesecke C1, Sammet S2, Wasmuth JC1, Seybold U2, Gillor D3, Wieland U4, Kümmerle T3, Strassburg CP1, Mankertz A5, Eis-Hübinger AM6, Jäger G7, Fätkenheuer G3, Bogner JR2, Rockstroh JK1, Vehreschild JJ3.
• Epidemiology and infection.Epidemiol Infect.2017 Jan;145(2):236-244. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
• Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection can cause serious diseases and complications in the HIV-positive population. Due to successful vaccination programmes measles, mumps and congenital rubella syndrome has become neglected in Germany. However, recent outbreaks of
• PMID 27780480

• Estimating the burden of rubella virus infection and congenital rubella syndrome through a rubella immunity assessment among pregnant women in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Potential impact on vaccination policy.

• Alleman MM1, Wannemuehler KA2, Hao L3, Perelygina L3, Icenogle JP3, Vynnycky E4, Fwamba F5, Edidi S5, Mulumba A6, Sidibe K7, Reef SE2.
• Vaccine.Vaccine.2016 Dec 12;34(51):6502-6511. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.059. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
• BACKGROUND: Rubella-containing vaccines (RCV) are not yet part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo's (DRC) vaccination program; however RCV introduction is planned before 2020. Because documentation of DRC's historical burden of rubella virus infection and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) has b
• PMID 27866768

Japanese Journal

• Sensory defects and developmental delay among children with congenital rubella syndrome

• Scientific Reports 7, 46483, 2017-04-13
• NAID 120006305647

• 日本人女性の産褥風疹ワクチン接種状況と接種に関わる要因についての文献レビュー

• 保健医療科学 = Journal of the National Institute of Public Health 66(1), 47-55, 2017-02
• NAID 40021169855

• 臨床研究・症例報告 妊娠初期の抗体価測定で発症を予測できなかった先天性風疹症候群の1例 (新生児疾患)

• 小児科臨床 69(6), 993-998, 2016-06
• NAID 40020861447

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「先天性風疹症候群」「CRS」
関連記事	「congenita」「congenital」「syndrome」

「先天性風疹症候群」

　　[★]

英

congenital rubella syndrome, CRS

ラ

embryopathia rubeolosa

同

グレッグ症候群 Gregg syndrome

関

風疹

[show details]

先天性風疹症候群 : 約 21,500 件
先天風疹症候群 : 約 75 件

「CRS」

　　[★] 先天性風疹症候群 congenital rubella syndrome

「congenita」

　　[★]

• adj.

• (後置するラテン語形容詞)先天性の

関

congenital、congenitally

• ex.

• dyskeratosis congenita、myotonia congenita

「congenital」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 生まれつきの、先天的な

　 　

「syndrome」

　　[★]

• n.

• 症候群