WordNet
- unconscious from a blow or shock or intoxication; "the boxer was out cold"; "pass out cold"
- a mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs); "will they never find a cure for the common cold?" (同)common_cold
- the sensation produced by low temperatures; "he shivered from the cold"; "the cold helped clear his head" (同)coldness
- without compunction or human feeling; "in cold blood"; "cold-blooded killing"; "insensate destruction" (同)cold-blooded, inhuman, insensate
- sexually unresponsive; "was cold to his advances"; "a frigid woman" (同)frigid
- lacking originality or spontaneity; no longer new; "moth-eaten theories about race"; "stale news" (同)stale, dusty, moth-eaten
- (color) giving no sensation of warmth; "a cold bluish grey"
- extended meanings; especially of psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion; "a cold unfriendly nod"; "a cold and unaffectionate person"; "a cold impersonal manner"; "cold logic"; "the concert left me cold"
- feeling or showing no enthusiasm; "a cold audience"; "a cold response to the new play"
- having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration; "a cold climate"; "a cold room"; "dinner has gotten cold"; "cold fingers"; "if you are cold, turn up the heat"; "a cold beer"
- having lost freshness through passage of time; "a cold trail"; "dogs attempting to catch a cold scent"
- lacking the warmth of life; "cold in his grave"
- marked by errorless familiarity; "had her lines cold before rehearsals started"
- of a seeker; far from the object sought
- so intense as to be almost uncontrollable; "cold fury gripped him"
- a pass between mountain peaks (同)gap
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『寒い』,冷たい;冷えた,冷やした / (性格・態度などが)『冷たい』,冷淡な,熱意のない;無情な,冷酷な / (物事が)人をがっかりさせる,つまらない / (色調が)冷たい,寒色の / (獲物のにおい臭が)かすかな,弱い / 《話》(打撃などで)意識を失った,失神した / 完全に,全く / 〈U〉《しばしばthe~》『寒さ』,寒け,冷たさ / 〈C〉,時に〈U〉『かぜ』,感冒
- (山脈の)鞍部(あんぶ),山あい
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 成人における感冒：治療および予防 the common cold in adults treatment and prevention
- 2. 成人における感冒：診断と臨床的特徴 the common cold in adults diagnosis and clinical features
- 3. 小児における感冒：治療および予防 the common cold in children treatment and prevention
- 4. 小児における感冒：臨床的特徴および診断 the common cold in children clinical features and diagnosis
- 5. 小児および思春期における亜鉛の欠乏および補充 zinc deficiency and supplementation in children and adolescents
English Journal
- Evolutionary stasis and lability in thermal physiology in a group of tropical lizards.
- Muñoz MM1, Stimola MA, Algar AC, Conover A, Rodriguez AJ, Landestoy MA, Bakken GS, Losos JB.Author information 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, , 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, NY 10027, USA, School of Geography, University of Nottingham, , Sir Clive Granger Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK, Stuyvestant High School, , 345 Chambers Street, New York, NY 10282, USA, Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, , Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA, Sociedad Ornitológica de la Hispaniola, , Gustavo Mejía Ricart 119 B, Apto. 401, Galerías Residencial, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, Department of Biology, Indiana State University, , Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA.AbstractUnderstanding how quickly physiological traits evolve is a topic of great interest, particularly in the context of how organisms can adapt in response to climate warming. Adjustment to novel thermal habitats may occur either through behavioural adjustments, physiological adaptation or both. Here, we test whether rates of evolution differ among physiological traits in the cybotoids, a clade of tropical Anolis lizards distributed in markedly different thermal environments on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. We find that cold tolerance evolves considerably faster than heat tolerance, a difference that results because behavioural thermoregulation more effectively shields these organisms from selection on upper than lower temperature tolerances. Specifically, because lizards in very different environments behaviourally thermoregulate during the day to similar body temperatures, divergent selection on body temperature and heat tolerance is precluded, whereas night-time temperatures can only be partially buffered by behaviour, thereby exposing organisms to selection on cold tolerance. We discuss how exposure to selection on physiology influences divergence among tropical organisms and its implications for adaptive evolutionary response to climate warming.
- Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society.Proc Biol Sci.2014 Jan 15;281(1778):20132433. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2433. Print 2014 Mar 7.
- Understanding how quickly physiological traits evolve is a topic of great interest, particularly in the context of how organisms can adapt in response to climate warming. Adjustment to novel thermal habitats may occur either through behavioural adjustments, physiological adaptation or both. Here, we
- PMID 24430845
- Identification of a long-range protein network that modulates active site dynamics in extremophilic alcohol dehydrogenases.
- Nagel ZD1, Cun S, Klinman JP.Author information 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.AbstractA tetrameric thermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus (ht-ADH) has been mutated at an aromatic side chain in the active site (Trp-87). The ht-W87A mutation results in a loss of the Arrhenius break seen at 30 °C for the wild-type enzyme and an increase in cold lability that is attributed to destabilization of the active tetrameric form. Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are nearly temperature-independent over the experimental temperature range, and similar in magnitude to those measured above 30 °C for the wild-type enzyme. This suggests that the rigidification in the wild-type enzyme below 30 °C does not occur for ht-W87A. A mutation at the dimer-dimer interface in a thermolabile psychrophilic homologue of ht-ADH, ps-A25Y, leads to a more thermostable enzyme and a change in the rate-determining step at low temperature. The reciprocal mutation in ht-ADH, ht-Y25A, results in kinetic behavior similar to that of W87A. Collectively, the results indicate that flexibility at the active site is intimately connected to a subunit interaction 20 Å away. The convex Arrhenius curves previously reported for ht-ADH (Kohen, A., Cannio, R., Bartolucci, S., and Klinman, J. P. (1999) Nature 399, 496-499) are proposed to arise, at least in part, from a change in subunit interactions that rigidifies the substrate-binding domain below 30 °C, and impedes the ability of the enzyme to sample the catalytically relevant conformational landscape. These results implicate an evolutionarily conserved, long-range network of dynamical communication that controls C-H activation in the prokaryotic alcohol dehydrogenases.
- The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2013 May 17;288(20):14087-97. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.453951. Epub 2013 Mar 22.
- A tetrameric thermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus (ht-ADH) has been mutated at an aromatic side chain in the active site (Trp-87). The ht-W87A mutation results in a loss of the Arrhenius break seen at 30 °C for the wild-type enzyme and an increase in cold lability tha
- PMID 23525111
- Surface exposure to sunlight stimulates CO2 release from permafrost soil carbon in the Arctic.
- Cory RM1, Crump BC, Dobkowski JA, Kling GW.Author information 1Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. rmcory@unc.eduAbstractRecent climate change has increased arctic soil temperatures and thawed large areas of permafrost, allowing for microbial respiration of previously frozen C. Furthermore, soil destabilization from melting ice has caused an increase in thermokarst failures that expose buried C and release dissolved organic C (DOC) to surface waters. Once exposed, the fate of this C is unknown but will depend on its reactivity to sunlight and microbial attack, and the light available at the surface. In this study we manipulated water released from areas of thermokarst activity to show that newly exposed DOC is >40% more susceptible to microbial conversion to CO(2) when exposed to UV light than when kept dark. When integrated over the water column of receiving rivers, this susceptibility translates to the light-stimulated bacterial activity being on average from 11% to 40% of the total areal activity in turbid versus DOC-colored rivers, respectively. The range of DOC lability to microbes seems to depend on prior light exposure, implying that sunlight may act as an amplification factor in the conversion of frozen C stores to C gases in the atmosphere.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2013 Feb 26;110(9):3429-34. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1214104110. Epub 2013 Feb 11.
- Recent climate change has increased arctic soil temperatures and thawed large areas of permafrost, allowing for microbial respiration of previously frozen C. Furthermore, soil destabilization from melting ice has caused an increase in thermokarst failures that expose buried C and release dissolved o
- PMID 23401500
Japanese Journal
- 〈Paper〉Gene structure of a cold-active protease: CAP7 from a psychrotrophic bacterium, Flavobacterium sp.
- Morita Yasutaka,Matsuyama Yuko,Tabata Katsuya
- かやのもり：近畿大学産業理工学部研究報告 18, 1-5, 2013-07-00
- … [Abstract] The gene encoding the cold-active protease CAP7 from a psychrotrophic bacterium, Flavobacterium sp., was isolated and its nucleotide sequence was determined. … None of known Pyrolysin-type subtilases, however, show clear evolutionary similarity to CAP7, suggesting the structural uniqueness of CAP7 which may be linked to its cold-temperature activity. …
- NAID 120005307510
- REGULATION OF MORPHOLOGY AND GENE EXPRESSION BY THREE-DIMENTIONAL STRUCTURE OF TYPE I COLLAGEN FIBRILS IN CULTURED HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS
- Sato Mituru,Sato Takeya,Kojima Naosuke,Miura Mitsutaka,Imai Katsuyuki,Wang DaRen,Higashi Nobuyo,Suzuki Shinsuke,Senoo Haruki
- Connective tissue 34(1), 62, 2002-04-00
- … The lability of the processes to cold-treatment at 4 ℃ suggested that the elongated processes of HSCs were composed of a dendrite-type of mierotubules. …
- NAID 110004002487
- Thermal Characteristics of C_4 Photosynthetic Enzymes from Leaves of Three Sugarcane Species Differing in Cold Sensitivity
- Du Yu-Chun,Nose Akihiro,Wasano Kikuo
- Plant and cell physiology 40(3), 298-304, 1999-03-00
- … Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, NADP-malate dehydrogenase and NADP-malic enzyme in desalted extracts from the leaves of three sugarcane species differing in cold sensitivity were relatively stable at cold temperatures, and their Arrhenius plots appeared as straight lines. …
- NAID 110003721453
Related Links
- The cold lability of pyruvate,Pi dikinase in crude leaf extracts was studied in a number of C_4 plants. The survey included C_4 monocots and dicots and species representing the three C_4 subgroups : NADP-malic enzyme, NAD ...
- Page 1 Plant Physiol. (1978) 62, 826-830 Cold Lability of Pyruvate, Orthophosphate Dikinase in the Maize Leaf' Received for publication March 20, 1978 and in revised form July 6, 1978 KENJI SHIRAHASHI,2 SHINOBU HAYAKAWA ...
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「cold-labile」「低温不安定性」 |
| 関連記事 | 「cold」「COLD」「lability」 |
「cold-labile」
- 低温不安定性の
「低温不安定性」
「cold」
- adj.
- 寒い、冷たい、寒気がする。冷やした、冷えた(opp.hot)。加熱せずに処理する
- 冷たくなった、死んでいる
- 冷静な。冷淡な。よそよそしい。(やっと抑えている)激しい(怒り)。不感症の。気を滅入らせる、寒々とした
- 興ざましの、つまらない。気乗りのしない。(味が)弱い
- 客観的な(事実)