WordNet

the state of a persons cognitive processes (同)state_of_mind
express in words; "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "tell me what is bothering you"; "state your opinion"; "state your name" (同)say, tell
a state of depression or agitation; "he was in such a state you just couldnt reason with him"
the way something is with respect to its main attributes; "the current state of knowledge"; "his state of health"; "in a weak financial state"
a politically organized body of people under a single government; "the state has elected a new president"; "African nations"; "students who had come to the nations capitol"; "the countrys largest manufacturer"; "an industrialized land" (同)nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body_politic
the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation; "his state is in the deep south" (同)province
the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state; "the state has lowered its income tax"
of or being or relating to or involving cognition; "cognitive psychology"; "cognitive style"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(人・物事の)『状態』,ありさま,様子 / 〈C〉《a ~》《話》極度の緊張状態,異常な精神状態 / 〈U〉地位,階級,身分 / 〈C〉〈U〉《しばしばS-》『国家』,国,政府 / 〈C〉《時にS-》(アメリカ・オーストラリアなどの)『州』 / 《the States》《話》『米国』 / 〈U〉威厳;公式;堂々とした様子 / 国家の,国事に関する / 《しばしばS-》《米》州の,州立の / 公式の,儀式用の
…‘を'『はっきり述べる』,公式に申し立てる / 〈当局が〉…‘を'指定する,決める
認識の(に関する,を要する)
決まった,規定の;定期の / はっきり述べられた,明言された;公認された

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/11/23 11:19:00」(JST)

wiki en

A mental state is a state of mind that an agent is in. Most simplistically, a mental state is a mental condition. It is a relation that connects the agent with a proposition. Several of these states are a combination of mental representations and propositional attitudes. There are several paradigmatic states of mind that an agent has: love, hate, pleasure and pain, and attitudes toward propositions such as: believing that, conceiving that, hoping and fearing that, etc.

Mental states and academia

Discussions about mental states can be found in many areas of study.

In cognitive psychology and the philosophy of mind, a mental state is a kind of hypothetical state that corresponds to thinking and feeling, and consists of a conglomeration of mental representations and propositional attitudes. Several theories in philosophy and psychology try to determine the relationship between the agent's mental state and a proposition.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Instead of looking into what a mental state is, in itself, clinical psychology and psychiatry determine a person's mental health through a mental status examination.^[5]

Epistemology

Mental states also include attitudes towards propositions, of which there are at least two—factive, non-factive, both of which entail the mental state of acquaintance. To be acquainted with a proposition is to understand its meaning and be able to entertain it. The proposition can be true or false, and acquaintance requires no specific attitude towards that truth or falsity. Factive attitudes include those mental states that are attached to the truth of the proposition—i.e. the proposition entails truth. Some factive mental states include "perceiving that", "remembering that", "regretting that", and (more controversially) "knowing that".^[6] Non-factive attitudes do not entail the truth of the propositions to which they are attached. That is, one can be in one of these mental states and the proposition can be false. An example of a non-factive attitude is believing—you can believe a false proposition and you can believe a true proposition. Since you have the possibility of both, such mental states do not entail truth, and therefore, are not factive. However, belief does entail an attitude of assent toward the presumed truth of the proposition (whether or not it's so), making it and other non-factive attitudes different than mere acquaintance.

References

^ Putnam, Hilary (1967). "The Nature of Mental States". PhilPapers.
^ Piccinini, Gualtiero (2004). "Functionalism, Computationalism, & Mental States". Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science (35.4): 811–33.
^ Goldstein, Irwin (2000). "Intersubjective Properties by Which We Specify Pain, Pleasure, and Other Kinds of Mental States". Philosophy (79.291): 89–104.
^ Weintraub, Ruth (1987). "Unconscious Mental States". Philosophical Quarterly (37 (October)): 423–32.
^ Klein, Stan (2015). "The Feeling of Personal Ownership of One's Mental States: A Conceptual Argument and Empirical Evidence for an Essential, but Underappreciated, Mechanism of Mind". Psychology of Consciousness: Research, Practice, and Theory (2): 355–76.
^ Williamson, Timothy (2000). Knowledge And Its Limits. Oxford Blackwell Publishing.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 認知障害および認知症の評価 evaluation of cognitive impairment and dementia
2. 軽度認知機能障害：疫学、病理学、および臨床的評価 mild cognitive impairment epidemiology pathology and clinical assessment
3. 軽度認知機能障害：予後および治療 mild cognitive impairment prognosis and treatment
4. エストロゲンと認知機能 estrogen and cognitive function
5. 脳血管性認知症の病因、臨床症状、および診断 etiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of vascular dementia

English Journal

The effects of interruption similarity and complexity on performance in a simulated visual-manual assembly operation.

Pankok C Jr1, Zahabi M1, Zhang W1, Choi I1, Liao YF1, Nam CS1, Kaber D2.
Applied ergonomics.Appl Ergon.2017 Mar;59(Pt A):94-103. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.08.022. Epub 2016 Sep 11.
The objective of the study was to assess the effects of interruption task similarity and complexity on performance of a simulated industrial assembly operation. Eighteen participants performed a simulated industrial assembly operation, including one trial with no interruption and eight others presen
PMID 27890164

Individuals with high obsessive-compulsive tendencies or undermined confidence rely more on external proxies to access their internal states.

Zhang Z1, Wang M2, Miao X1, Li Y1, Hitchman G1, Yuan Z3.
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry.J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry.2017 Mar;54:263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.09.003. Epub 2016 Sep 28.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Seeking Proxies for Internal States (SPIS) hypothesis predicts that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with a deficit in subjective convictions, which may lead to a reliance on external substitutes for the perceptions of an individual's internal states.
PMID 27710870

The impact of appraisals on intrusive memories.

Cheung J1, Bryant RA2.
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry.J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry.2017 Mar;54:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.07.005. Epub 2016 Jul 9.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Intrusive memories are a core feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive models posit that PTSD symptoms are stimulated by maladaptive appraisals about symptoms. This study aimed to test the causal pathway of maladaptive appraisals about the meaning of intr
PMID 27459692

Japanese Journal

Pure psychiatric presentation of the Lewy body disease is depression: An analysis of 60 cases verified with myocardial meta-iodobenzylguanidine study

Kobayashi Katsuji,Nakano Hiroyuki,Akiyama Noriko,Maeda Takashi,Yamamori Sanae
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 30(6), 663-668, 2015-06-01
… Pure psychiatric presentation (PPP) of the LBD may be the fourth subtype in which psychiatric symptoms without definite parkinsonism and cognitive disturbance lasted for many years. … PD, PDD, DLB and PPP with an aid of the DSM-IV, the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) and Mini-mental state examination (MMSE). …
NAID 120005617944

日本語版The Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA-J)の遅延再生における床効果の検討 : Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)との比較

追分千春,大日方千春,田畑千絵 [他]
老年精神医学雑誌 26(5), 531-538, 2015-05
NAID 40020471596

Playing along the Perak River: Readings of an Eighteenth-Century Malay State

Husni Abu Bakar
Southeast Asian Studies 4(1), 157-190, 2015-04-29
… This essay questions the construction of cartographic, historical, and literary artifacts underlying the cognitive foundations of an eighteenth-century Southeast Asian state on the Malay Peninsula.Perak.by exploring alternative modes of reading. …
NAID 110009893275