WordNet

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles; "coarse meal"; "coarse sand"; "a coarse weave" (同)harsh
of low or inferior quality or value; "of what coarse metal ye are molded"- Shakespeare; "produced...the common cloths used by the poorer population" (同)common
lacking refinement or cultivation or taste; "he had coarse manners but a first-rate mind"; "behavior that branded him as common"; "an untutored and uncouth human being"; "an uncouth soldier--a real tough guy"; "appealing to the vulgar taste for violence"; "the vulgar display of the newly rich" (同)common, rough-cut, uncouth, vulgar
a process that impregnates something with calcium (or calcium salts)
an inflexible and unchanging state; "the calcification of negotiations"
tissue hardened by deposition of lime salts

PrepTutorEJDIC

(品物が)『粗末な』,下等な / (表面が)『粗い』,ざらざらした / 『粗野な』,低俗な,下品な
石灰化 / (生物の組織内などの)石灰沈着;　石灰像

UpToDate Contents

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1. 慢性腎臓病における血管石灰化 vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease
2. 慢性腎疾患における血管石灰化の生物学 biology of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease
3. カルシフィラキシス（calcific uremic arteriolopathy） calciphylaxis calcific uremic arteriolopathy
4. 僧帽弁輪石灰化 mitral annular calcification
5. 末期腎不全患者における弁膜症 valvular heart disease in patients with end stage renal disease

English Journal

Frameshift mutation in the PTCH2 gene can cause nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.

Fujii K, Ohashi H, Suzuki M, Hatsuse H, Shiohama T, Uchikawa H, Miyashita T.Author information Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.AbstractNevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental defects and tumorigenesis. The gene responsible for NBCCS is PTCH1, encoding a receptor for the secreted protein, sonic hedgehog. Recently, a Chinese family with NBCCS carrying a missense mutation in PTCH2, a close homolog of PTCH1, was reported. However, the pathological significance of missense mutations should be discussed cautiously. Here, we report a 13-year-old girl diagnosed with NBCCS based on multiple keratocystic odontogenic tumors and rib anomalies carrying a frameshift mutation in the PTCH2 gene (c.1172_1173delCT). Considering the deleterious nature of the frameshift mutation, our study further confirmed a causative role for the PTCH2 mutation in NBCCS. The absence of typical phenotypes in this case such as palmar/plantar pits, macrocephaly, falx calcification, hypertelorism and coarse face, together with previously reported cases, suggested that individuals with NBCCS carrying a PTCH2 mutation may have a milder phenotype than those with a PTCH1 mutation.
Familial cancer.Fam Cancer.2013 Dec;12(4):611-4. doi: 10.1007/s10689-013-9623-1.
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental defects and tumorigenesis. The gene responsible for NBCCS is PTCH1, encoding a receptor for the secreted protein, sonic hedgehog. Recently, a Chinese family with NBCCS carrying a missense mu
PMID 23479190

The Additional Value of Attenuation Correction CT Acquired During 18F-FDG PET/CT in Differentiating Mature From Immature Teratomas.

Cho A, Kim SW, Choi J, Kang W, Lee JD, Yun M.Author information From the *Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, and †Yonsei University Medical School, Seoul, Korea.AbstractINTRODUCTION: Increased F-FDG uptake is often seen in soft-tissue components or in neuronal components of teratomas, which makes differentiation of mature and immature teratoma difficult using only F-FDG uptake. The distribution pattern of fat and calcification in teratomas is characteristic on CT, which can also be well seen on attenuation correction CT (AC-CT). We hypothesize that the fat and calcification distribution patterns on AC-CT taken during PET/CT will provide additional diagnostic information in differentiating between mature and immature teratomas.
Clinical nuclear medicine.Clin Nucl Med.2013 Aug 28. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Increased F-FDG uptake is often seen in soft-tissue components or in neuronal components of teratomas, which makes differentiation of mature and immature teratoma difficult using only F-FDG uptake. The distribution pattern of fat and calcification in teratomas is characteristic on CT,
PMID 23989446

Calcified, minimally fat-contained angiomyolipoma clinically indistinguishable from a renal cell carcinoma.

Chen CL, Tang SH, Wu ST, Meng E, Tsao CW, Sun GH, Yu DS, Chang SY, Cha TL.Author information Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, No325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC.AbstractBACKGROUND: Angiomyolipomas are benign tumors of the kidney. Typical angiomyolipomas are usually recognized by identifying fat components before any intervention. On the contrary, solid renal masses without evident fatty components but containing calcifications on the computed tomography scan are suspicious for malignancy. However, as in this rare case, rules of diagnostic imaging are of exceptions.
BMC nephrology.BMC Nephrol.2013 Jul 22;14:160. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-14-160.
BACKGROUND: Angiomyolipomas are benign tumors of the kidney. Typical angiomyolipomas are usually recognized by identifying fat components before any intervention. On the contrary, solid renal masses without evident fatty components but containing calcifications on the computed tomography scan are su
PMID 23876081