WordNet

(embryology) the repeated division of a fertilised ovum (同)segmentation
the breaking of a chemical bond in a molecule resulting in smaller molecules
the state of being split or cleft; "there was a cleavage between the liberal and conservative members"
the act of cleaving or splitting
the line formed by a groove between two parts (especially the separation between a womans breasts)
any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions

PrepTutorEJDIC

割る(割れる)こと;割れ(裂け)目 / 卵割(受精卵の細胞分裂) / (鉱物の結晶の)劈開(へきかい) / 《話》(大きなえりぐりのドレスから見える)乳房の谷間
酵素

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1. Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia
2. 副腎ステロイド生合成 adrenal steroid biosynthesis
3. 多嚢胞性卵巣症候群におけるステロイドホルモン代謝 steroid hormone metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome
4. 男性生殖生理学 male reproductive physiology
5. 副腎酵素阻害剤および抗アドレナリン薬の薬理および毒性 pharmacology and toxicity of adrenal enzyme inhibitors and adrenolytic agents

English Journal

Biodiversity study of wine yeasts belonging to the "terroir" of Montepulciano d'Abruzzo "Colline Teramane" revealed Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains exhibiting atypical and unique 5.8S-ITS restriction patterns.

Tofalo R1, Perpetuini G2, Fasoli G2, Schirone M2, Corsetti A2, Suzzi G2.Author information 1Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Mosciano Sant'Angelo, TE, Italy. Electronic address: rtofalo@unite.it.2Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Mosciano Sant'Angelo, TE, Italy.AbstractThe Montepulciano d'Abruzzo "Colline Teramane" premium wine DOCG is produced in the Teramo province (Abruzzo, Italy). This region has a great tradition in winemaking and the wine is produced by a spontaneous fermentation so it could represent a reservoir of wine natural yeasts with important oenological features. The aim of this study was to characterize the yeast community of this wine grape growing region in order to create a Saccharomyces cerevisiae bank, providing data on oenological properties for potential industrial applications. A total of 430 yeasts were isolated at the end of spontaneous fermentation. PCR-RFLP was applied for the identification at the species level and underlined that 14 strains exhibited unusual and characteristic restriction patterns different from those typical of the species S. cerevisiae. This difference was due to the insertion of base C at a position 138 in the ITS1 region that determined an additional cleavage site for the enzyme HaeIII. This insertion could be associated to the fermentative performance and associated to the relationship existing between yeasts and a viticulture region or 'terroir'.
Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2014 May;39:7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2013.10.001. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
The Montepulciano d'Abruzzo "Colline Teramane" premium wine DOCG is produced in the Teramo province (Abruzzo, Italy). This region has a great tradition in winemaking and the wine is produced by a spontaneous fermentation so it could represent a reservoir of wine natural yeasts with important oenolog
PMID 24387846

Label-free colorimetric assay for base excision repair enzyme activity based on nicking enzyme assisted signal amplification.

Liu X1, Chen M2, Hou T1, Wang X1, Liu S2, Li F3.Author information 1College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.2College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.3College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China. Electronic address: lifeng@qust.edu.cn.AbstractSpecific and sensitive detection of base excision repair enzyme activity is essential to many fundamental biochemical process researches. Here, we propose a novel label-free homogeneous strategy for visualized uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity assay based on nicking enzyme assisted signal amplification. In this method two hairpin probes were employed for the colorimetric detection, namely hairpin probe 1 (HP 1) carrying two uracil residues in the stem, and hairpin probe 2 (HP 2) containing a G-riched DNAzyme segment, and the recognition sequence as well as the cleavage site for the nicking enzyme. In the presence of UDG, the uracil bases in the stem of HP 1 can be specifically recognized and hydrolyzed by UDG, which leads to the destabilization of its stem containing abasic sites (AP sites), and then results in the opening of HP 1 to form a single strand. The opened HP 1 hybridizes with HP 2 to form a DNA duplex, which initiates the specific cleavage of HP 2 by the nicking enzyme, leading to the release of G-riched DNAzyme segments. As a result, HP 1 is released and able to hybridize with another HP 2 to induce the continuous cleavage of HP 2, generating enormous amount of G-riched DNAzyme segments. Finally, the G-riched DNAzyme segments bind hemin to form a catalytically active G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme which can catalyze the H2O2-mediated oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(2-)) to the colored ABTS(-), providing a visible signal for UDG activity detection. This assay exhibits several advantages such as simplicity, low-cost, high selectivity and desirable sensitivity, which shows great potential of providing a promising platform for convenient and visualized analysis of UDG or other biomolecules.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Apr 15;54:598-602. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.11.062. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
Specific and sensitive detection of base excision repair enzyme activity is essential to many fundamental biochemical process researches. Here, we propose a novel label-free homogeneous strategy for visualized uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity assay based on nicking enzyme assisted signal amplif
PMID 24333571

Steroid exposure during larval development of Xenopus laevis affects mRNA expression of the reproductive pituitary-gonadal axis in a sex- and stage-dependent manner.

Urbatzka R1, Lorenz C2, Wiedemann C3, Lutz I2, Kloas W4.Author information 1CIIMAR, Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Genomics and Evolution, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: rurbatzka@ciimar.up.pt.2Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.3Reproduction Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, PF 601103, 10252 Berlin, Germany.4Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany.AbstractSteroids are known to influence the reproductive pituitary-gonadal axis in adult amphibians. Here, we studied the effects of hormones on pituitary and gonadal mRNA expression during the development of Xenopus laevis. Tadpoles at NF 58 (prometamorphosis) and at NF 66 (freshly metamorphosed) were exposed for three days to 17β-estradiol (E2), tamoxifen (TAM), testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) at 10(-7)M, and flutamide (FLU) at 10(-6)M. In both genders at NF 58 and 66, T and DHT decreased luteinizing hormone beta (lhβ), but increased follicle stimulating hormone beta (fshβ), while FLU induced lhβ specifically in males. In the testis steroidogenic genes (p450 side chain cleavage enzyme, p450scc; steroid acute regulatory protein, star) at NF 58 showed a similar pattern as for lhβ, while the response at NF 66 was only partially present. In females, TAM induced lhβ at NF 58, while E2 decreased lhβ and increased fshβ at NF 66. In the ovaries, no alterations were observed for the steroidogenic genes. Summarizing, gonadotropic and steroidogenic mRNA expression may indicate control of androgen level during testis differentiation in male tadpoles at NF 58. In females the non-responsiveness of steroidogenic genes could be a sign of gonadal quiescence during pre-pubertal stages.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP.Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol.2014 Mar;160:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.11.003. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
Steroids are known to influence the reproductive pituitary-gonadal axis in adult amphibians. Here, we studied the effects of hormones on pituitary and gonadal mRNA expression during the development of Xenopus laevis. Tadpoles at NF 58 (prometamorphosis) and at NF 66 (freshly metamorphosed) were expo
PMID 24239592

Japanese Journal

An aberrant sugar modification of BACE1 blocks its lysosomal targeting in Alzheimer's disease

Kizuka Yasuhiko,Kitazume Shinobu,Fujinawa Reiko,Saito Takashi,Iwata Nobuhisa,Saido Takaomi C.,Nakano Miyako,Yamaguchi Yoshiki,Hashimoto Yasuhiro,Staufenbiel Matthias,Hatsuta Hiroyuki,Murayama Shigeo,Manya Hiroshi,Endo Tamao,Taniguchi Naoyuki
EMBO Molecular Medicine 7(2), 175-189, 2015-02-01
… The β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1), an essential protease for the generation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, is a major drug target for Alzheimer's disease (AD). … Analysis of knockout mice lacking the biosynthetic enzyme for bisecting GlcNAc, GnT-III (Mgat3), revealed that cleavage of Aβ-precursor protein (APP) by BACE1 is reduced in these mice, resulting in a decrease in Aβ plaques and improved cognitive function. …
NAID 120005549837

A Novel Cryptic Binding Motif, LRSKSRSFQVSDEQY, in the C-Terminal Fragment of MMP-3/7-Cleaved Osteopontin as a Novel Ligand for α9β1 Integrin Is Involved in the Anti-Type II Collagen Antibody-Induced Arthritis

Kon Shigeyuki,Nakayama Yosuke,Matsumoto Naoki,Ito Koyu,Kanayama Masashi,Kimura Chiemi,Kouro Hitomi,Ashitomi Dai,Matsuda Tadashi,Uede Toshimitsu
PLOS one 9(12), e116210, 2014-12-29
… One way by which OPN induces inflammation is the production of various functional fragments by enzyme cleavage. … This study provides the first in vitro and in vivo evidence that OPN cleavage by MMP-3/7 is an important regulatory mechanism for CAIA. …
NAID 120005540287

Nuclear dynamics of topoisomerase II beta reflects its catalytic activity that is regulated by binding of RNA to the C-terminal domain

Onoda Akihisa,Hosoya Osamu,Sano Kuniaki,Kiyama Kazuko,Kimura Hiroshi,Kawano Shinji,Furuta Ryohei,Miyaji Mary,Tsutsui Ken,Tsutsui Kimiko M.
Nucleic Acids Research 42(14), 9005-9020, 2014-07-17
… DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) changes DNA topology by cleavage/re-ligation cycle(s) and thus contributes to various nuclear DNA transactions. … It is largely unknown how the enzyme is controlled in a nuclear context. … The enzyme shuttles between an active form in the nucleoplasm and a quiescent form in the nucleolus in a dynamic equilibrium. …
NAID 120005553910

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「開裂酵素」「切断酵素」「splitting enzyme」
拡張検索	「cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme」
関連記事	「cleavage」