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a diuretic drug (trade name Diuril) used in the treatment of edema and hypertension (同)Diuril

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/14 22:50:30」(JST)

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Chlorothiazide sodium (Diuril) is a diuretic used within the hospital setting or for personal use to manage excess fluid associated with congestive heart failure. It is also used as an antihypertensive.

Most often taken in pill form, it is usually taken orally once or twice a day. In the ICU setting, chlorothiazide is given to diurese a patient in addition to furosemide (Lasix). Working in a separate mechanism than furosemide, and absorbed enterically as a reconstituted suspension administered through a nasogastric tube (NG tube), the two drugs potentiate one another.

Indications[edit]

Large amount of excess fluid including:
- Diagnosed congested heart failure
- Peripheral edema
- Rales / Rhonchi
- Hypertension

Contraindications[edit]

Renal failure or insufficiency
Allergies to sulfa drugs

Dose[edit]

500 mg–1 g once or twice a day, by mouth or through NG tube (reconstituted suspension)
May also be given intravenously, and should be given first if given in combination with IV lasix since it potentiate's the diuretic effect of furosemide.

Side effects[edit]

Nausea / Vomiting
Headache
Dizziness
Excess urine production
Dehydration
Hypoelectrolytemia (esp. hypokalemia / hypomagnesia)

History[edit]

The Research team of Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories: Karl H. Beyer, Jr., M.D., Ph.D.; James M. Sprague, Ph.D.; John E. Baer, Ph.D.; and Frederick C. Novello, Ph.D. created a new series of medications, the thiazide diuretics, which includes chlorothiazide. They won an Albert Lasker Special Award in 1975 for its creation. http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/formaward.htm

Chemical[edit]

Novello, Frederick C.; Sprague, James M. (1957). Journal of the American Chemical Society 79 (8): 2028. doi:10.1021/ja01565a079.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 乳児および小児における心不全のマネージメント management of heart failure in infants and children
2. 成人における難治性浮腫の治療 treatment of refractory edema in adults
3. 利尿剤の作用機序 mechanism of action of diuretics
4. 気管支肺異形成症のマネージメント management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
5. 急性非代償性心不全の治療：治療の要素 treatment of acute decompensated heart failure components of therapy

English Journal

ABCG2 Modulates Chlorothiazide Permeability <i>In Vitro</i>-characterization of Its Interactions.

Beéry E, Rajnai Z, Abonyi T, Makai I, Bánsághi S, Erdő F, Sziráki I, Herédi-Szabó K, Kis E, Jani M, Márki-Zay J, Tóth K G, Krajcsi P.SourceSolvo Biotechnology.
Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics.Drug Metab Pharmacokinet.2012 Jun 25;27(3):349-53. Epub 2011 Nov 29.
We are showing that chlorothiazide, a diuretic, is an ABCG2 substrate. It is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System/Biopharmaceutics Drug Distribution and Classification System (BCS/BDDCS) Class IV drug with low bioavailability. Therefore, we tested if chlorothiazide interacts with major apically
PMID 22790065

A novel approach to crystallisation of nanodispersible microparticles by spray drying for improved tabletability.

Paluch KJ, Tajber L, Adamczyk B, Corrigan OI, Healy AM.SourceSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
International journal of pharmaceutics.Int J Pharm.2012 Jun 15. [Epub ahead of print]
High-dose API powders which are to be tableted by direct compression should have high compactibility and compressibility. This note reports on a novel approach to the manufacture of crystalline powders intended for direct compaction with improved compactibility and compressibility properties. The po
PMID 22710254

Japanese Journal

表面プラズモン共鳴センサーを用いる薬物スクリーニングと初期薬物動態の同時解析(<特集>生体関連機能と分析化学)

稲川淳一,森本香織
分析化学 51(6), 461-468, 2002-06-05
Biacore S51 を用いて,カルボニックアンヒドラーゼ (CA) に対する 34 種類の低分子化合物の結合性を実験したところ,スルファニルアミド,カルボキシベンゼンスルホンアミド (CBSA),フロセミド,アゾスルファミド,アセタゾールアミド,ジクロルフェンアミド,クロロチアジド,ヒドロクロロチアジド,メタゾールアミド及びインダパミドの 10 種類の阻害剤のみが結合することが確認され,擬陽性 …
NAID 110002905090

Cellular mechanisms of chlorothiazide and cellular potassium depletion on Mg^<2+> uptake in mouse distal convoluted tubule cells

DAI LJ
Kidney Int 51, 1008-1017, 1997
NAID 30027524569

腎尿細管細胞(LLC-PK1)における蓚酸の細胞内取り込みに対する細胞外液pH,利尿剤および有機酸などの影響

戎野庄一,大川順正,Schied Cheryl,Menon Mani
日本泌尿器科學會雜誌 84(10), 1797-1803, 1993-10-20
豚の近位尿細管由来のLLC-PK1細胞において〔^<14>C〕に標識された蓚酸を用いて,蓚酸の細胞内への取り込みが,細胞外液の酸塩基平衡の変化,利尿剤および有機酸の投与などでどのように変化するのかを詳細に検討し,以下の結果を得た. (1)反応液(細胞外液)のpHの変化では,蓚酸の取り込みは酸性側で増加し,アルカリ側で減少した. (2)細胞内への蓚酸の取り込みはDIDSによって,10μM …
NAID 110003086452

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「クロロチアジド」
拡張検索	「benzylhydrochlorothiazide」「sodium restriction-hydrochlorothiazide-spironolactone loading test」「chlorothiazide sodium」「hydrochlorothiazide」

「クロロチアジド」

Chlorothiazide
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Diuril
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a682341
Pregnancy cat.	C (US)
Legal status	℞-only (US)
Routes	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Nil
Half-life	45 to 120 minutes
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS number	58-94-6
ATC code	C03AA04
PubChem	CID 2720
DrugBank	DB00880
ChemSpider	2619
UNII	77W477J15H
KEGG	D00519
ChEBI	CHEBI:3640
ChEMBL	CHEMBL842
Chemical data
Formula	C7H6ClN3O4S2
Mol. mass	295.72 g/mol
	SMILES O=S(=O)(c1c(Cl)cc2c(c1)S(=O)(=O)/N=C\N2)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H6ClN3O4S2/c8-4-1-5-7(2-6(4)16(9,12)13)17(14,15)11-3-10-5/h1-3H,(H,10,11)(H2,9,12,13) ; Key:JBMKAUGHUNFTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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