WordNet
- of or relating to the cerebrum or brain; "cerebral hemisphere"; "cerebral activity"
- involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct; "a cerebral approach to the problem"; "cerebral drama" (同)intellectual
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 大脳の,脳の / 頭脳的な,知的な
- 脳卒中
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/16 13:43:00」(JST)
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Apoplexy (from Ancient Greek ἀποπληξία, meaning "a striking away") is bleeding within internal organs and the accompanying symptoms. For example, ovarian apoplexy is bleeding in the ovaries. The term formerly referred to what is now called a stroke;[1] nowadays, health care professionals typically specify the type of apoplexy, such as cerebral, ovarian and pituitary apoplexy.
Informally, apoplexy is associated with being furious, especially as "apoplectic."[2]
Contents
- 1 Historical meaning
- 2 Hemorrhage
- 3 Deaths attributed to apoplexy
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Historical meaning
From the late 14th to the late 19th century,[3] apoplexy referred to any sudden death that began with a sudden loss of consciousness, especially one in which the victim died within a matter of seconds after losing consciousness. The word apoplexy may have been used to refer to the symptom of sudden loss of consciousness immediately preceding death. Ruptured aortic aneurysms, and even heart attacks and strokes were referred to as apoplexy in the past, because before the advent of medical science there was little ability to differentiate pathoses because there was very little accurate understanding of physiology in general.
Hemorrhage
Because the term by itself is now ambiguous, it is often coupled with a descriptive adjective to indicate the site of bleeding. For example, bleeding within the pituitary gland is called pituitary apoplexy, and bleeding within the adrenal glands can be called adrenal apoplexy.
Apoplexy also includes hemorrhaging with the gland and accompanying neurological problems such as confusion, headache, and impairment of consciousness.
Deaths attributed to apoplexy
See also
- Transient ischemic attack
References
- ^ Apoplexy at MedicineNet.com.
- ^ Collins World English Dictionary: apoplexy
- ^ OED Online, 2010, Oxford University Press. 7 February 2011
- ^ The New York Times, January 26, 1947: "Capone Dead at 48". The New York Times. January 26, 1947. Archived from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
- ^ The New York Times, November 20, 1908: "Dowager Empress died of Apoplexy". The New York Times. November 20, 1908. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
- ^ Pastel and pastellists, February 13, 2013: "Joseph DUCREUX" (PDF). Retrieved April 30, 2013.
- ^ "Leonhard Euler (1707–1783)".
- ^ Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler, 4%
- ^ [1] Archived August 15, 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The New York Times, February 19, 1915: "H. Ward Leonard Dies -Electrical Inventor Stricken". The New York Times.
- ^ Melvin, Mungo (2011). Manstein: Hitler's Greatest General. London: Phoenix Orion Books. p. 503. ISBN 978-0-7538-2853-3.
- ^ a b Ferguson Nisbet, John. The Insanity of Genius and the General Inequality of Human Faculty. Elibron Classics. ISBN 1-4212-7299-7.
- ^ St. Hilaire, "Military Household of the Emperor." Sixth Book, 1806. Napoleon Series. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. September 2005. Accessed 18 May 2010. (French) Mullié Charles. "Michel Ordener." Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850, Paris, 1852.
- ^ "Letter of Horace Mann to Horace Walpole, 30 April 1782". Images.library.yale.edu. 2013-04-17. Retrieved 2014-02-25.
- ^ "Polk County Journal (Crookston, MN), July 7, 1905 to December 28, 1905, Volume XXX, Page 170 | Document Viewer". Mocavo.com. Retrieved 2014-02-25.
- ^ Craik, Alex D. D. (2008). Mr Hopkins' Men: Cambridge Reform and British Mathematics in the 19th Century. London: Springer. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-84800-132-9.
- ^ The New York Times, December 18, 1894: "Death of R.L. Stevenson". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
External links
- The dictionary definition of apoplexy at Wiktionary
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Education modifies the relation of vascular pathology to cognitive function: cognitive reserve in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy.
- Zieren N, Duering M, Peters N, Reyes S, Jouvent E, Hervé D, Gschwendtner A, Mewald Y, Opherk C, Chabriat H, Dichgans M.SourceInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany.
- Neurobiology of aging.Neurobiol Aging.2013 Feb;34(2):400-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.04.019. Epub 2012 May 23.
- A clinical impact of cognitive reserve (CR) has been demonstrated in Alzheimer's disease, whereas its role in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of CR in patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts an
- PMID 22626524
- Thrombin induces release of proinflammatory chemokines interleukin-8 and interferon-γ-induced protein-10 from cultured human fetal astrocytes.
- Simmons S, Lee RV, Möller T, Weinstein JR.SourceDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
- Neuroreport.Neuroreport.2013 Jan 9;24(1):36-40. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32835c1de4.
- Thrombin is a multifunctional serine proteinase that induces a variety of responses from neural cells by cleavage of proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) including PAR1 and PAR4. Thrombin/PAR signaling has been implicated in the neuroinflammatory response that occurs in the brain following stroke a
- PMID 23168565
Japanese Journal
- International Collaborative Research on Infectious Diseases by Japanese Universities and Institutes in Asia and Africa, with a Special Emphasis on J-GRID
- SHINODA SUMIO,IMAMURA DAISUKE,MIZUNO TAMAKI,MIYOSHI SHIN-ICHI,RAMAMURTHY THANDAVRAYAN
- Biocontrol Science 20(2), 77-89, 2015
- … In developed countries including Japan, malignant tumor (cancer), heart disease and cerebral apoplexy are major causes of death, but infectious diseases are still responsible for a high number of deaths in developing countries, especially among children aged less than 5 years. …
- NAID 130005085084
- 上肢動作補助機の筋活動および脳活動評価:—筋疾患患者向けADL補助と片麻痺患者向け訓練補助への適用検討—
- 田中 英一郎,三枝 省三,弓削 類
- 計測自動制御学会論文集 51(5), 336-343, 2015
- … Finally, the influence of the cerebral activity according to the difference of the operators and input devices for operation was measured. …
- NAID 130005071090
Related Links
- Cerebral apoplexy refers to a brain hemorrhage, a type of stroke which occurs when a blood vessel in the brain or nearby tissue ruptures or leaks. Too much
- See under Apoplexy. See also: Cerebral ... 8) Reported in "Research on evaluation of the quality of the cerebral apoplexy medical treatment using the regional crisis registration of cerebral apoplexy" (Lead researcher: Kazuo Suzuki ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- cerebral stroke, cerebral apoplexy,stroke
- ラ
- apoplexia cerebri
- 関
- 卒中、脳血管障害 cerebrovascular disorders, cerebrovascular diseases
概念
- 突発的に出現する精神症状・神経症状であり、脳血管の病的状態に起因するもの
- 脳梗塞(血栓症、塞栓症)
- 脳出血(実質内の出血)、クモ膜下出血
疫学
- 参考1
- 死因：第3位
- 全国の寝たきり患者の原因疾患の第1位
- 病型別頻度：()
リスク因子
- 参考1
- 最大のリスク因子は高血圧
- 年齢、男性、高血圧、糖尿病、脂質異常症、喫煙、心房細動、大量飲酒
参考
- http://www.jsts.gr.jp/jss08.html
-stroke
[★]
脳卒中
- 関
- apoplexy、cerebral apoplexy、cerebral stroke、stroke
[★]
- 関
- acute stroke、apoplectic、apoplectic stroke、apoplexia、apoplexia cerebri、cerebral apoplexy、cerebral stroke、cerebrovascular accident、cerebrovascular stroke、CVA、extravasation、stroke
- 同
- apoplexia
[★]
- 関
- brain、cerebri、cerebro、cerebrum、encephalic、encephalo、encephalon