WordNet

bring disorder to (同)disarray
a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning; "the doctor prescribed some medicine for the disorder"; "everyone gets stomach upsets from time to time" (同)upset
a disturbance of the peace or of public order
relating to or associated with the cerebellum; "cerebellar artery"
not arranged in order (同)unordered

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉『無秩序』,混乱,乱雑(confusion) / 《しばしば複数形で》(社会的・政治的な)粉争,騒動 / 〈C〉(肉体的・精神的な)不調,異常,障害 / …‘の'秩序を乱す / 〈心身〉‘に'異常を起こさせる

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1. 成人における小脳性運動失調の概要 overview of cerebellar ataxia in adults
2. 腫瘍随伴性小脳変性症 paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
3. ウィルソン病：臨床症状、診断、および自然史 wilson disease clinical manifestations diagnosis and natural history
4. 心因性不随意運動 psychogenic movement disorders
5. 協調運動発達障害：臨床的特徴および診断 developmental coordination disorder clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

Genetic variation in CACNA1C affects neural processing in major depression.

Backes H1, Dietsche B2, Nagels A2, Konrad C2, Witt SH3, Rietschel M3, Kircher T2, Krug A2.Author information 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: heidelore.backes@med.uni-marburg.de.2Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany.3Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J 5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.AbstractGenetic studies found the A allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1006737 in the CACNA1C gene, which encodes for the alpha 1C subunit of the voltage-dependent, L-type calcium ion channel Cav1.2, to be overrepresented in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Altered prefrontal brain functioning and impaired semantic verbal fluency (SVF) are robust findings in these patients. A recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study found the A allele to be associated with poorer performance and increased left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activation during SVF tasks in healthy subjects. In the present study, we investigated the effects of rs1006737 on neural processing during SVF in MDD. In response to semantic category cues, 40 patients with MDD and 40 matched controls overtly generated words while brain activity was measured with fMRI. As revealed by whole brain analyses, genotype significantly affected brain activity in patients. Compared to patients with GG genotype, patients with A allele demonstrated increased task-related activation in the left middle/inferior frontal gyrus and the bilateral cerebellum. Patients with A allele also showed enhanced functional coupling between left middle/inferior and right superior/middle frontal gyri. No differential effects of genotype on SVF performance or brain activation were found between diagnostic groups. The current data provide further evidence for an impact of rs1006737 on the left IFG and demonstrate that genetic variation in CACNA1C modulates neural responses in patients with MDD. The observed functional alterations in prefrontal and cerebellar areas might represent a mechanism by which rs1006737 influences susceptibility to MDD.
Journal of psychiatric research.J Psychiatr Res.2014 Jun;53:38-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
Genetic studies found the A allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1006737 in the CACNA1C gene, which encodes for the alpha 1C subunit of the voltage-dependent, L-type calcium ion channel Cav1.2, to be overrepresented in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Altered prefrontal brain
PMID 24612926

Clinical improvements in higher brain function and rapid functional recovery in a case of cerebellar hemorrhage treated by neurocognitive rehabilitation.

Komuro A1, Kurabayashi H, Sasaki Y, Sugiura T, Hishinuma A, Majima M.Author information 1a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , Saitama Medical University , Saitama , Japan.AbstractCerebellar stroke rarely causes disorders of higher brain function such as cognitive deficits and emotional dysfunction; hence, the prognosis of these patients is uncertain. We report the case of a 34-year-old patient with cerebellar hemorrhage due to arteriovenous malformation causing higher brain dysfunction who was able to return to full-time employment after neurocognitive rehabilitation. Cerebellar stroke caused by nonatherosclerotic diseases or diaschisis may lead to cognitive deficits but these symptoms can be reversed by appropriate therapy. It is important to assess higher brain function in cerebellar stroke patients and to tailor neurocognitive rehabilitation programs appropriately to promote functional recovery.
Neurocase.Neurocase.2014 Jun;20(3):260-2. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2013.770875. Epub 2013 Mar 25.
Cerebellar stroke rarely causes disorders of higher brain function such as cognitive deficits and emotional dysfunction; hence, the prognosis of these patients is uncertain. We report the case of a 34-year-old patient with cerebellar hemorrhage due to arteriovenous malformation causing higher brain
PMID 23528103

Melatonin protects against behavioural dysfunctions and dendritic spine damage in 3-nitropropionic acid-induced rat model of Huntington's disease.

Chakraborty J1, Nthenge-Ngumbau DN1, Rajamma U2, Mohanakumar KP3.Author information 1Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Neuroscience, Rm # 117&119, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.2Manovikas Kendra, Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, 482, Madudah, Plot I-24, Sector-J, E. M. Bypass, Kolkata 700107, India.3Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Neuroscience, Rm # 117&119, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India. Electronic address: kpmohanakumar@yahoo.com.AbstractHuntington's disease (HD), an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative movement disorder in which striatal and cortical neurons are mostly affected, has no effective cure existing. A fungal neurotoxin and a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II inhibitor, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is known to cause HD pathology, including lesions in the striatum and the cortex, and several behavioural syndromes in experimental animals. In the present study we examined the effect of melatonin on motor activities, neuronal morphology as revealed by Nissl and rapid Golgi staining, as well as GABA, glutamate and biogenic amine neurotransmitter levels in 3-NP-induced HD in rats. We found that melatonin (10, 20mg/kg, i.p.) administered 1h prior to 3-NP dose (20mg/kg; daily for 4 days) restored motor coordination ability as shown in gait, beam balancing, swim ability and performance on rotarod. However it failed to reduce 3-NP-induced striatal lesion core area, neuronal damage and the elevated levels of striatal dopamine. Melatonin administration partially restored 3-NP-induced loss of dendritic spines in the striatum and the cortex, and the reduction in cerebellar granule cell, but not hippocampal CA1 neuronal arborization. These findings collectively suggest that melatonin offers beneficial effects in correction of learning related fine motor adjustments, but not in behaviours unrelated to learning, by the restoration of striatal and cortical spines, and cerebellar granule cell arborization.
Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2014 May 1;264:91-104. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.01.048. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
Huntington's disease (HD), an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative movement disorder in which striatal and cortical neurons are mostly affected, has no effective cure existing. A fungal neurotoxin and a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II inhibitor, 3-nitropropionic
PMID 24509309

Japanese Journal

臨床急性前庭障害と誤った小脳梗塞の2例

晝間清,沼田勉
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 105(10), 919-923, 2012-10
NAID 40019449333

Clinically Mild form of Joubert Syndrome-related Disorder in a 7-year-old Female:A case report

George Imataka,Yoshiyuki Watabe,Osamu Arisaka
Dokkyo journal of medical sciences 39(2), 119-122, 2012-07-25
… Joubert syndrome-related disorders (JSRD) is a very rare syndrome observed with agenesis of the vermis,episodic hyperpnea, abnormal eye movements, and cerebellar ataxia and mental retardation. … She underwent rehabilitation, and a wide base cerebellar gait was observed when she was 5 years old. …
NAID 110009443674