関: paroxysmal dyspnea、paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

WordNet

of or relating to the heart; "cardiac arrest"
respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing; usually of allergic origin (同)asthma attack, bronchial_asthma
the opening into the stomach and that part of the stomach connected to the esophagus

PrepTutorEJDIC

心臓の
喘息(ぜんそく)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/29 19:24:42」(JST)

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Cardiac asthma is a medical diagnosis of wheezing, coughing or shortness of breath due to congestive heart failure. It is known as cardiac asthma because the symptoms mimic ordinary asthma. One study found that patients with cardiac asthma represented one third of congestive heart failure in elderly patients.^[1]

Depending on severity, it may be classified as a medical emergency as it can be a symptom of acute heart failure leading to the buildup of fluids in the lungs (pulmonary edema) as well as within and around the airways.

The distinction between true asthma and cardiac asthma is especially important because some treatments for true asthma, including inhalers, may actually worsen cardiac asthma and cause severe heart arrhythmias.

True asthma, in contrast, is caused by the inflammation and eventual narrowing down of airways. This is what causes the breathing difficulties that are characteristic to asthma. True asthma has nothing to do with fluid in the lungs or heart disease, or even the heart failure which is so associated with cardiac asthma.

See

Dyspnea
Trepopnea
Congestive heart failure

References

^ Jorge S, Becquemin MH, Delerme S, Bennaceur M, Isnard R, Achkar R; et al. (2007). "Cardiac asthma in elderly patients: incidence, clinical presentation and outcome.". BMC Cardiovasc Disord 7: 16. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-7-16. PMC 1878501. PMID 17498318.

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1. 成人における喘息以外の喘鳴をきたす疾患の評価 evaluation of wheezing illnesses other than asthma in adults
2. 急性非代償性心不全の評価 evaluation of acute decompensated heart failure
3. 心原性肺水腫の病態生理 pathophysiology of cardiogenic pulmonary edema

English Journal

Immersion pulmonary edema and comorbidities: case series and updated review.

Peacher DF1, Martina SD, Otteni CE, Wester TE, Potter JF, Moon RE.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise.Med Sci Sports Exerc.2015 Jun;47(6):1128-34. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000524.
PURPOSE: Immersion pulmonary edema (IPE) occurs in swimmers (especially triathletes) and scuba divers. Its pathophysiology and risk factors are incompletely understood. This study was designed to establish the prevalence of preexisting comorbidities in individuals who experience IPE.METHODS: From 20
PMID 25222821

Diurnal and twenty-four hour patterning of human diseases: Cardiac, vascular, and respiratory diseases, conditions, and syndromes.

Smolensky MH1, Portaluppi F2, Manfredini R2, Hermida RC3, Tiseo R2, Sackett-Lundeen LL4, Haus EL4.
Sleep medicine reviews.Sleep Med Rev.2015 Jun;21:3-11. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.07.001. Epub 2014 Jul 18.
Various medical conditions, disorders, and syndromes exhibit predictable-in-time diurnal and 24 h patterning in the signs, symptoms, and grave nonfatal and fatal events, e.g., respiratory ones of viral and allergic rhinorrhea, reversible (asthma) and non-reversible (bronchitis and emphysema) chron
PMID 25129838

Physiology of breathlessness associated with pleural effusions.

Thomas R1, Jenkins S, Eastwood PR, Lee YC, Singh B.
Current opinion in pulmonary medicine.Curr Opin Pulm Med.2015 May 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pleural effusions have a major impact on the cardiorespiratory system. This article reviews the pathophysiological effects of pleural effusions and pleural drainage, their relationship with breathlessness, and highlights key knowledge gaps.RECENT FINDINGS: The basis for breathless
PMID 25978627

Japanese Journal

Single-stage Operation for Giant Substernal Goiter with Severe Coronary Artery Disease

Wexler Sonya,Yamane Kentaro,Fisher Kyle W.,Diehl James T.,Hirose Hitoshi
Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 17(5), 524-527, 2011
… A 76-year-old female, with a history of asthma and tracheal bronchitis, presented with a non-ST elevation, myocardial infarction. … Cardiac catheterization showed significant coronary disease unsuitable for percutaneous intervention; … After surgery, her upper airway symptoms were improved, and no cardiac events were noted. …
NAID 130000728105

Preparation of Simulation Programs regarding Excess-dose Drug Administration and Acute-phase Condition Changes and Its Evaluation by Students

徳永仁,髙村徳人,緒方賢次,瀬戸口奈央,松岡俊和,佐藤圭創
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 131(4), 655-659, 2011
… General condition was established using the blinking velocity, cardiac/respiratory sounds and blood pH as parameters. … With respect to changes in the condition, it facilitated the reproduction of asthma, hyperglycemia, and hemorrhage. …
NAID 130000678847