WordNet

having carbonation (especially artificially carbonated)
not having carbonation (同)uncarbonated
turn into a carbonate
a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3)
treat with carbon dioxide; "Carbonated soft drinks"

PrepTutorEJDIC

炭酸ガスを含む
炭酸水
炭酸塩 / …'を'炭酸塩化する,炭酸で飽和させる / …'を'炭化させる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/23 22:23:46」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Bubbles of carbon dioxide float to the surface of a carbonated soft drink.

Carbonation can refer to two chemical processes involving carbon dioxide:

The dissolution in a liquid, also known as fizz.
The incorporation into chemical compounds.

Dissolution in a liquid

The process usually involves carbon dioxide under high pressure. When the pressure is reduced, the carbon dioxide is released from the solution as small bubbles, which causes the solution to become effervescent, or fizzy. A common example is the dissolving of carbon dioxide in water, resulting in carbonated water.

Carbon dioxide is weakly soluble in water, therefore it separates into a gas when the pressure is released.

Incorporation into chemical compounds

Carbonation of ribulose bisphosphate is the starting point of the incorporation of carbon dioxide into the biosphere.

Carbonation also describes the incorporation of carbon dioxide into chemical compounds. This occurs in the following cases:

In biochemistry: Our carbon-based life originates from a carbonation reaction that is most often catalysed by the enzyme RuBisCO. So important is this carbonation process that a significant fraction of leaf mass consists of this carbonating enzyme.^[1]
In reinforced concrete construction: Also known as neutralisation, it is a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide in the air and calcium hydroxide and hydrated calcium silicate in the concrete.

References

^ Stryer, Lubert; Berg, Jeremy Mark; Tymoczko, John L. (2002). Biochemistry (5th ed.). San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-3051-0.

External links

Carbonation and Acidity
Dissolution of Marble in Hydrochloric Acid Demonstration (instruction and video)
Robert O'Leary. "ATR Infrared Spectroscopy method for measuring CO₂ concentration in Beer" (PDF). Describes in detail the theory and practice of measuring dissolved CO₂ content in soft drinks and beer.

This soft drink–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. シェーグレン症候群における口内乾燥およびその他の非眼結膜炎症状の治療 treatment of dry mouth and other non ocular sicca symptoms in sjogrens syndrome
2. 成人における禁煙のための薬物療法 pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in adults
3. 思春期におけるカルシウムの所要量 calcium requirements in adolescents
4. アレルギー性接触皮膚炎の一般的なアレルゲン common allergens in allergic contact dermatitis
5. 咽喉頭逆流 laryngopharyngeal reflux

English Journal

Effect of sunlight exposure on the release of intentionally and/or non-intentionally added substances from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles into water: chemical analysis and in vitro toxicity.

Bach C1, Dauchy X2, Severin I3, Munoz JF2, Etienne S4, Chagnon MC3.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Nov 1;162:63-71. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.020. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
The effect of sunlight exposure on chemical migration into PET-bottled waters was investigated. Bottled waters were exposed to natural sunlight for 2, 6 and 10 days. Migration was dependent on the type of water. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and Sb migration increased with sunlight exposure in ultrapur
PMID 24874358

Nitrate reduction by mixed iron(II-III) hydroxycarbonate green rust in the presence of phosphate anions: The key parameters influencing the ammonium selectivity.

Etique M1, Zegeye A1, Grégoire B1, Carteret C1, Ruby C2.
Water research.Water Res.2014 Oct 1;62:29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.028. Epub 2014 May 28.
The reduction of nitrate anions by a mixed Fe(II)-Fe(III) carbonated green rust (GR) in aqueous medium is studied as a function of the initial pH and the initial concentrations of iron, phosphate and nitrate. The influence of these parameters on the fraction of nitrate removed and the production of
PMID 24934322

Chemical fractionation of Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb in sewage sludge amended soils at the end of 65-d sorghum-sudan grass growth.

Sivapatham P1, Lettimore JM, Alva AK, Jayaraman K, Harper LM.
Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering.J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng.2014 Sep 19;49(11):1304-15. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2014.910069.
Heavy metals are potentially toxic to human life and the environment. Metal toxicity depends on chemical associations in soil. Understanding the chemical association of trace elements in soils amended with biosolids is very important since it determines their availability within rhizosphere and mobi
PMID 24967564

Japanese Journal

炭酸水の体温低下抑制作用 (特集炭酸ガスの効果と香粧品への応用)

Fragrance journal = フレグランスジャーナル 43(7), 54-58, 2015-07
NAID 40020540233

入院高齢患者における炭酸飲料を用いた嚥下運動改善の持続効果の検討

吉備国際大学保健福祉研究所研究紀要 (16), 7-12, 2015
NAID 40020549113

レスリング・ロンドンオリンピック出場選手における試合に向けた減量の実態と炭酸飲料の嗜好

日本臨床スポーツ医学会誌 23(1), 111-119, 2015
NAID 40020352346

Related Pictures

Carbonated Drinks processing Is Carbonated Water Bad For You 10 Harmful Effects of Carbonated Drinks carbonated drink - photo/picture Drabble-Mix] Carbonated Winter Carbonated Water Water non-carbonated 1.9 Sotéa Carbonated Tea Carbonated Waters