WordNet

(medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
(phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
(international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
moral corruption or contamination; "ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable"
an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted (同)contagion, transmission

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1. ノロウイルスおよび関連ウイルスの臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of noroviruses and related viruses
2. 長期介護施設における感染症を引き起こす重要な臓器および病原体 important sites and pathogens causing infections in long term care facilities
3. 微生物による食中毒疾患の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of microbial foodborne disease

Human calicivirus occurrence among outpatients with diarrhea in Beijing, China, between April 2011 and March 2013.

Gao Z1, Li X1, Yan H1, Li W1, Jia L1, Hu L1, Hu H1, Liu B1, Li J1, Wang Q1.
Journal of medical virology.J Med Virol.2015 Dec;87(12):2040-7. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24265. Epub 2015 May 26.
Human caliciviruses (HuCVs), including noroviruses (NoVs) and sapoviruses (SaVs), are the most common cause of diarrhea in adults and the second most common cause of diarrhea in children. Between April 2011 and March 2013, 3,832 fecal specimens were collected from outpatients with diarrhea from 17 h
PMID 25982899

Repeated examination of natural sapovirus infections in pig litters raised under experimental conditions.

Lauritsen KT1, Hansen MS2, Johnsen CK3,4, Jungersen G5, Böttiger B6,7.
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica.Acta Vet Scand.2015 Sep 26;57(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s13028-015-0146-7.
BACKGROUND: Porcine sapovirus, belonging to the family Caliciviridae, is an enteric virus that is widespread in the swine industry worldwide. A total of 14 sapovirus genogroups have been suggested and the most commonly found genogroup in swine is genogroup III (GIII). The goal of the present experim
PMID 26410386

Age distribution of porcine sapovirus asymptomatic infection and molecular evidence of genogroups GIII and GIX? circulation in distinct Brazilian pig production systems.

Valente CS1, Alfieri AF1,2, Barry AF1, Leme RA1,2, Lorenzetti E1,2, Alfieri AA3,4.
Tropical animal health and production.Trop Anim Health Prod.2015 Sep 18. [Epub ahead of print]
This study aimed to evaluate the natural infection by SaV in pigs of different categories of production cycle in an important Brazilian pig-producing region. Faecal samples (n = 169) of suckling, post-weaning, finisher and breeder pig categories were analysed. Animals were from five farrow-to-we
PMID 26385461

The virucidal effect against murine norovirus and feline calicivirus as surrogates for human norovirus by ethanol-based sanitizers

SHIMIZU-ONDA Yuko,AKASAKA Tempei,YAGYU Fumihiro,KOMINE-AIZAWA Shihoko,TOHYA Yukinobu,HAYAKAWA Satoshi,USHIJIMA Hiroshi
Journal of infection
NAID 10031194414

森野博文,小泉朋子,三浦孝典 [他],福田俊昭,柴田高
薬学雑誌. 乙号 133(9), 1017-1022, 2013
… The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a chlorine dioxide gas-generating gel (ClO2 gel, 60 g) against feline calicivirus (FCV), a norovirus surrogate, in the wet state on glass dishes in a test sink (43 cm long, 75 cm wide, and 29 cm deep). … These small quantities of ClO2 gel might be a useful tool for reducing the risk of infection by norovirus in wet environments such as kitchens and bathrooms under optimal condition. …
NAID 130003361982