関: bretylium tosilate

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/07/14 01:28:31」(JST)

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Bretylium (also bretylium tosylate) is an antiarrhythmic agent.^[1] It blocks the release of noradrenaline from nerve terminals. In effect, it decreases output from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. It also acts by blocking K⁺ channels and is considered a class III antiarrhythmic. The dose is 5-10 mg/kg and side effects are hypertension followed by hypotension and ventricular ectopy.

It was patented in 1978 by Marvin Bacaner at the University of Minnesota.^[2]

Uses

It is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. ^[3]

It is contraindicated in patients with AV (atrioventricular) heart block or digoxin toxicity.

Bretylium should be used only in an ICU or Emergency Department setting and should not be used elsewhere due to its dramatic actions and its predominant side effect of hypotension.

References

^ Tiku PE, Nowell PT (December 1991). "Selective inhibition of K(+)-stimulation of Na,K-ATPase by bretylium". Br. J. Pharmacol. 104 (4): 895–900. PMC 1908819. PMID 1667290. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1908819.
^ "University of Minnesota: Scholars Walk". http://www.scholarswalk.umn.edu/discovery/wall_names.html. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
^ "ACS". http://www2.kumc.edu/wichita/meded/intro/modules/ami/reading/RAMI-09.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-23. ^{[dead link]}

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English Journal

Aging and aerobic fitness affect the contribution of noradrenergic sympathetic nerves to the rapid cutaneous vasodilator response to local heating.

Tew GA, Saxton JM, Klonizakis M, Moss J, Ruddock AD, Hodges GJ.SourceCentre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985).J Appl Physiol.2011 May;110(5):1264-70. Epub 2011 Feb 17.
Sedentary aging results in a diminished rapid cutaneous vasodilator response to local heating. We investigated whether this diminished response was due to altered contributions of noradrenergic sympathetic nerves by assessing 1) the age-related decline and 2) the effect of aerobic fitness. Using las
PMID 21330615

Tetrahydrobiopterin does not affect end-organ responsiveness to norepinephrine-mediated vasoconstriction in aged skin.

Lang JA, Holowatz LA, Kenney WL.SourcePennsylvania State University, Noll Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA. lang@hendrix.edu
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.2010 Dec;299(6):R1651-5. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
We have recently demonstrated that tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) augments reflex vasoconstriction (VC) in aged skin. Although this appears to occur through its role in norepinephrine (NE) biosynthesis, the extent with which vascular mechanisms are affected are unknown. We hypothesized that localized B
PMID 20926766

Japanese Journal

Oral bretylium tosylate use during pregnancy and subsequent breastfeeding : A case report

GUTGESELL M
Am J Perinat 7, 144-145, 1990
NAID 30041702372

第3詳抗不整脈剤-sotalol及びbretylium tosylate-の急性心筋虚血時の心室筋に対する電気生理学的検討

小倉敏嗣,徳竹英一,斎藤友昭,渡辺一郎,日比谷和平,高橋信博,斎藤頴,小沢友紀雄,波多野道信
Japanese circulation journal 49回学術集会, 283, 1985-03-01
NAID 110002566954

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リンク元	「ブレチリウムトシレート」「bretylium tosilate」
関連記事	「tosylate」「bretylium」

「ブレチリウムトシレート」

Bretylium
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	N-(2-bromobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylethanaminium
Clinical data
MedlinePlus	a682861
Pregnancy cat.	C (AU) C (US)
Legal status	℞-only (US)
Routes	IV, IM
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	NA
Protein binding	NA
Metabolism	None
Half-life	7-8 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS number	59-41-6
ATC code	C01BD02
PubChem	CID 2431
DrugBank	DB01158
ChemSpider	2337
UNII	RZR75EQ2KJ
KEGG	D00645
ChEBI	CHEBI:3172
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1199080
Chemical data
Formula	C11H17BrN+
Mol. mass	243.163 g/mol
	SMILES Brc1ccccc1C[N+](CC)(C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C11H17BrN/c1-4-13(2,3)9-10-7-5-6-8-11(10)12/h5-8H,4,9H2,1-3H3/q+1 ; Key:AAQOQKQBGPPFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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英: bretylium tosylate
関: トシル酸ブレチリウム

「bretylium tosilate」

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トシル酸ブレチリウム

関: bretylium tosylate

「tosylate」

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トシレート、トシル化物、シル化する

「bretylium」

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同: Bretylol

[pmid1667290-0] Tiku PE, Nowell PT (December 1991). "Selective inhibition of K(+)-stimulation of Na,K-ATPase by bretylium". Br. J. Pharmacol. 104 (4): 895–900. PMC 1908819. PMID 1667290. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1908819.

[urlUniversity_of_Minnesota:_Scholars_Walk-1] "University of Minnesota: Scholars Walk". http://www.scholarswalk.umn.edu/discovery/wall_names.html. Retrieved 2008-09-23.

[urlACS-2] "ACS". http://www2.kumc.edu/wichita/meded/intro/modules/ami/reading/RAMI-09.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-23. ^{[dead link]}

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bretylium tosylate