WordNet
- divide into parts, pieces, or sections; "The Arab peninsula was partitioned by the British" (同)partition off
- separate or apportion into sections; "partition a room off" (同)zone
- (computer science) the part of a hard disk that is dedicated to a particular operating system or application and accessed as a single unit
- a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another) (同)divider
- (anatomy) a structure that separates areas in an organism
- attack with gas; subject to gas fumes; "The despot gassed the rebellious tribes"
- the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity; relatively great expansion and contraction with changes in pressure and temperature; the ability to diffuse readily; and the spontaneous tendency to become distributed uniformly throughout any container (同)gaseous state
- a fluid in the gaseous state having neither independent shape nor volume and being able to expand indefinitely
- smear with blood, as in a hunting initiation rite, where the face of a person is smeared with the blood of the kill
- temperament or disposition; "a person of hot blood"
- people viewed as members of a group; "we need more young blood in this organization"
- the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped through the body by the heart and contains plasma, blood cells, and platelets; "blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and carries away waste products"; "the ancients believed that blood was the sea
- a constant number that serves as a measure of some property or characteristic
- a unit of force equal to the force exerted by gravity; used to indicate the force to which a body is subjected when it is accelerated (同)gee, g-force
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉(‥の)分割,区分《+『of』麥『名』》 / 〈C〉(分割された)部分 / 〈C〉仕切り壁 / (…に)…‘を'分割する,分配する《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / …‘を'仕切る,区切る《+『off』+『名,』+『名』+『off』》
- 〈U〉〈C〉『気体』,『ガス』 / 〈U〉(灯用・燃料用)ガス / 〈U〉《米話》=gasoline / 〈U〉(麻酔用の)亜酸化窒素,笑気(laughing gas);毒ガス(mustard gas, tear gasなど) / 〈U〉《話》むだ話,ばか話 / 〈C〉《単数形で》とても楽しいこと / 〈敵など〉‘を'毒ガスで攻撃する / 《米話》〈車〉‘に'ガソリンを入れる《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / 長々とむだ話をする
- 『血』,『血』液 / 流血(bloodshed);殺人 / 気質,気性,血気,血潮 / 『血統』,血縁(kinship);生まれ,家柄;《the~》王家の血統 / (人種・出身国の)系 / 〈人〉‘に'初めての経験をさせる / 〈猟犬〉‘に'初めて獲物を血を味わわせる
- (数学で)係数,(物理で)係数,率
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/21 09:40:11」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Blood–gas partition coefficient, also known as Ostwald coefficient for blood–gas,[1] is a term used in pharmacology to describe the solubility of inhaled general anesthetics in blood.[2] The coefficient is defined as the ratio of the concentration in blood to the concentration in gas that is in contact with that blood, when the partial pressure in both compartments is equal. The coefficient, thence, has no units. The concentration of the anesthetic in blood includes the portion that is undissolved in plasma and the portion that is dissolved (bound to plasma proteins). The more soluble the inhaled anesthetic is in blood compared to in air, the more it binds to plasma proteins in the blood and the higher the blood–gas partition coefficient.
It is inversely related to induction rate.
Newer anesthetics (such as desflurane) typically have smaller blood-gas partition coefficients than older ones (such as ether); these are preferred because they lead to faster onset of anesthesia and faster emergence from anesthesia once application of the anesthetic is stopped.[3][4] If an anesthetic has a high coefficient, then a large amount of it will have to be taken up in the body's blood before being passed on to the fatty (lipid) tissues of the brain where it can exert its effect.
The potency of an anesthetic is associated with its lipid solubility which is measured by its oil/gas partition coefficient.[5]
Inhalational anaesthetics
[6]
| Anesthetic |
MAC (%) |
Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient (at 37° C) |
Oil/gas Partition Coefficient (at 37° C) |
|
| Nitrous oxide |
105 |
0.47 |
1.4 |
| Halothane |
0.74 |
2.54 |
|
| Isoflurane (Forane) |
1.15 |
1.4 |
99 |
| Sevoflurane (Ultane) |
2 |
0.6 |
50 |
| Desflurane (Suprane) |
5.8 |
0.42 |
18.7 |
References
- ^ "Ostwald solubility coefficient". Drugs.com. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
- ^ Magee, Patrick; Tooley, Mark (22 September 2011). The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-19-959515-0.
- ^ Grossherr, M; Hengstenberg, A; Dibbelt, L; Igl, BW; Noel, R; Knesebeck, Av; Schmucker, P; Gehring, H (Oct 2009). "Blood gas partition coefficient and pulmonary extraction ratio for propofol in goats and pigs.". Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems 39 (10): 782–7. doi:10.1080/00498250903056109. PMID 19548775.
- ^ Bergadano, A; Lauber, R; Zbinden, A; Schatzmann, U; Moens, Y (Aug 2003). "Blood/gas partition coefficients of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in horse blood". British journal of anaesthesia 91 (2): 276–8. doi:10.1093/bja/aeg151. PMID 12878628.
- ^ Battino, Rubin (1984). "The Ostwald coefficient of gas solubility". Fluid Phase Equilibria 15 (3): 231–240. doi:10.1016/0378-3812(84)87009-0.
- ^ Nagelhout, J.J. (2014). Pharmacokinetics of Inhalation Anesthetics. Nurse anesthesia (5th ed., ). p. 79.
|
Anesthesia (outline)
|
|
| Types |
- General
- Spinal
- Epidural
- Conduction anesthesia
- Local
- Topical
- Intercostal nerve block
- Sedation / Twilight anesthesia
- Dental (Inferior alveolar nerve)
- Neuroleptanalgesic anesthesia
|
|
| Techniques |
- Airway management
- Anesthesia provision in the US
- Arterial catheter
- Bronchoscopy
- Capnography
- Dogliotti's principle
- Drug-induced amnesia
- Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring
- Nerve block
- Penthrox inhaler
- Tracheal intubation
|
|
| Scientific Principles |
- Blood–gas partition coefficient
- Concentration effect
- Fink effect
- Minimum alveolar concentration
- Second gas effect
|
|
| Measurements |
- ASA physical status classification system
- Baricity
- Bispectral index
- Direct Fick method
- Entropy monitoring
- Fick principle
- Goldman index
- Guedel's classification
- Mallampati score
- Neuromuscular monitoring
- Thyromental distance
|
|
| Instruments |
- Anaesthetic machine
- Anesthesia cart
- Boyle's machine
- Gas cylinder
- Laryngeal mask airway
- Laryngeal tube
- Medical monitor
- Odom's indicator
- Relative analgesia machine
- Vaporiser
- Double-lumen endotracheal tube
- Endobronchial blocker
|
|
| Drugs |
- Benzodiazepine
- Etomidate
- General anaesthetic
- Inhalational anaesthetic
- Infiltration analgesia
- Ketamine
- Local anesthetic
- Methohexital
- Methoxyflurane
- Midazolam
- Neuraxial blockade
- Opiate
- Propofol
- Thiopental
- Thiopentone
|
|
| Complications |
- Emergence delirium
- Allergic reactions
- Anesthesia awareness
- Local anesthetic toxicity
- Malignant hyperthermia
- Perioperative mortality
- Postanesthetic shivering
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting
- Postoperative residual curarization
|
|
| Fields of study |
- Cardiothoracic
- Geriatric
- Oral sedation dentistry
|
|
| Professions |
- Anesthesiologist
- Anesthesiologist assistant
- Nurse anesthetist
- Operating Department Practitioners
- Certified Anesthesia Technician
- Certified Anesthesia Technologist
- Anaesthetic technician
|
|
| History |
- A.C.E. mixture
- Helsinki Declaration for Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology
- History of general anesthesia
- History of neuraxial anesthesia
- History of tracheal intubation
|
|
| Organizations |
- American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
- American Society of Anesthesia Technologists & Technicians
- American Society of Anesthesiologists
- Anaesthesia Trauma and Critical Care
- Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland
- Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists
- Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists
- Australian Society of Anaesthetists
- International Anesthesia Research Society
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Comparing the effects of desflurane and isoflurane on middle ear pressure.
- Acar B, Degerli S, Sahin S, Karasen RM.SourceDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology;
- Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale.Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital.2010 Dec;30(6):285.
- The aim of this study was to determine middle ear pressure changes during the operation performed under anaesthesia induced by isoflurane or desflurane. This was a prospective, case-control study. A total of 38 children with no middle ear pathology scheduled for inguinal hernia surgery were included
- PMID 21808448
Japanese Journal
- ベンチマークドース法を用いた1,2-ジクロロエタンの吸入曝露による発がんユニットリスクの算出
- 松本 理,青木 康展
- 大気環境学会誌 41(4), 196-208, 2006-07-10
- 有害大気汚染物質のうち,中央環境審議会が対策の優先度の高いものとして示した「優先取組物質」22物質のひとつ,1,2-ジクロロエタンの吸入による発がんのユニットリスクを,吸入がん原性試験の雌ラットの乳腺腫瘍のデータを用いて,ベンチマークドース法により算出した。雌ラットにおける乳腺腫瘍の発生個体数は,各群50匹中0ppm:8,10ppm:8,40ppm:11,160ppm:25匹で,このデータをモデル …
- NAID 110004758696
Related Links
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