WordNet

of or belonging to a racial group having dark skin especially of sub-Saharan African origin; "a great people--a black people--...injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization"- Martin Luther King Jr.
the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white) (同)blackness, inkiness
(board games) the darker pieces
black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning); "the widow wore black"
(of the face) made black especially as with suffused blood; "a face black with fury" (同)blackened
offering little or no hope; "the future looked black"; "prospects were bleak"; "Life in the Aran Islands has always been bleak and difficult"- J.M.Synge; "took a dim view of things" (同)bleak, dim
(of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin; "the stock market crashed on Black Friday"; "a calamitous defeat"; "the battle was a disastrous end to a disastrous campaign"; "such doctrines, if true, would be absolutely fatal to my theory"- Charles Darwin; "it is fatal to enter any war without the will to win it"- Douglas MacArthur; "a fateful error" (同)calamitous, disastrous, fatal, fateful
stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable; "black deeds"; "a black lie"; "his black heart has concocted yet another black deed"; "Darth Vader of the dark side"; "a dark purpose"; "dark undercurrents of ethnic hostility"; "the scheme of some sinister intelligence bent on punishing him"-Thomas Hardy (同)dark, sinister
(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame; "Man...has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands"- Rachel Carson; "an ignominious retreat"; "inglorious defeat"; "an opprobrious monument to human greed"; "a shameful display of cowardice" (同)disgraceful, ignominious, inglorious, opprobrious, shameful
harshly ironic or sinister; "black humor"; "a grim joke"; "grim laughter"; "fun ranging from slapstick clowning ... to savage mordant wit" (同)grim, mordant
extremely dark; "a black moonless night"; "through the pitch-black woods"; "it was pitch-dark in the cellar" (同)pitch-black, pitch-dark
soiled with dirt or soot; "with feet black from playing outdoors"; "his shirt was black within an hour" (同)smutty
(of coffee) without cream or sugar
(of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading; "black propaganda"
being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light; "black leather jackets"; "as black as coal"; "rich black soil"
marked by anger or resentment or hostility; "black looks"; "black words"
a person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa) (同)Black person, blackamoor, Negro, Negroid
British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799) (同)Joseph Black
popular child actress of the 1930s (born in 1928) (同)Shirley Temple Black, Shirley Temple
defectiveness or unsoundness; "drugs have become a sickness they cannot cure"; "a great sickness of his judgment"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『黒い』,黒色の / 『暗い』,まっ暗な(dark) / (特にアフリカ系)黒人の / 汚い(dirty),汚れた(soiled) / 陰気な(gloomy);不吉な;見通しの暗い / 怒った(angry);不きげんな(sullen) / 腹黒い,邪悪な(wicked, evil) / 《文》不名誉な / (コーヒーに)クリーム(牛乳)を入れない,ブラックの / 〈U〉『黒』,『黒色』 / 〈C〉《しばしば『B-』》黒人 / 〈U〉黒衣,(特に)喪服 / 黒くなる;暗くなる / …'を'黒くする;…'を'暗くする(blacken) / (靴墨で)〈靴〉'を'みがく
〈U〉『病気でいること』;〈C〉(個々の)『病気』 / 〈U〉吐き気(nausea)
黒くするもの,(特に)靴墨

UpToDate Contents

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1. 内臓リーシュマニア症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis
2. 内臓リーシュマニア症の治療 treatment of visceral leishmaniasis
3. 内臓リーシュマニア症の疫学および管理 epidemiology and control of visceral leishmaniasis
4. 脾腫およびその他の脾疾患を有する成人患者に対するアプローチ approach to the adult patient with splenomegaly and other splenic disorders
5. 好中球減少症における感染の原因 infectious causes of neutropenia

English Journal

Field and in vitro insecticidal efficacy of alphacypermethrin-treated high density polyethylene mesh against Culicoides biting midges in South Africa.

Page PC1, Labuschagne K2, Venter GJ2, Schoeman JP3, Guthrie AJ4.Author information 1Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa. Electronic address: patrick.page@up.ac.za.2PVVD, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.3Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.4Equine Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.AbstractThe efficacy of untreated and alphacypermethrin-treated high density polyethylene (HDPE) mesh against Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) was determined using Onderstepoort downdraught black light traps and a contact bioassay. Three traps were operated overnight in four replicates of a 3×3 randomised Latin square design near horses under South African field conditions. Both the untreated and alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh significantly (P<0.05) reduced the numbers of Culicoides midges, predominantly Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer, collected in the light traps by 4.2 and 7.2 times, respectively. A repellent effect of the alphacypermethrin-treated mesh was not confirmed because the number of midges collected in the light traps with untreated and alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh was not significantly different (P=0.656). Bioassay of the insecticidal contact efficacy indicated median C. imicola mortality of 100% from 30 and 10min following exposure to the alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh for 1 or 3min, respectively. In the bioassay, mortality was significantly higher (P=0.016) at 5min post exposure in the midges exposed to the alphacypermethrin-treated mesh for 3min (74.8%) compared to the 1min exposure group (59.5%). The HDPE mesh could be used to reduce exposure of housed animals to Culicoides midges, specifically C. imicola, and viruses transmitted by these midges. Mesh treated with alphacypermethrin had the additional benefit of a rapid insecticidal effect on C. imicola.
Veterinary parasitology.Vet Parasitol.2014 Mar 6. pii: S0304-4017(14)00142-3. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.02.051. [Epub ahead of print]
The efficacy of untreated and alphacypermethrin-treated high density polyethylene (HDPE) mesh against Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) was determined using Onderstepoort downdraught black light traps and a contact bioassay. Three traps were operated overnight in four replicates of
PMID 24655725

Psoriasis prevalence among adults in the United States.

Rachakonda TD1, Schupp CW2, Armstrong AW3.Author information 1University of Colorado at Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.2Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.3University of Colorado at Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: aprilarmstrong@post.harvard.edu.AbstractBACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Up-to-date prevalence data on psoriasis provide the foundation for informing population research, education, and health policy.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.J Am Acad Dermatol.2014 Mar;70(3):512-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.11.013. Epub 2014 Jan 2.
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Up-to-date prevalence data on psoriasis provide the foundation for informing population research, education, and health policy.OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the prevalence of psoriasis a
PMID 24388724

Integration of sensory information precedes the sensation of vection: a combined behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) study.

Keshavarz B1, Berti S2.Author information 1Department of Research, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: behrang.keshavarz@uhn.ca.2Department for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.AbstractIllusory self-motion (known as vection) describes the sensation of ego-motion in the absence of physical movement. Vection typically occurs in stationary observers being exposed to visual information that suggest self-motion (e.g. simulators, virtual reality). In the present study, we tested whether sensory integration of visual information triggers vection: participants (N=13) perceived patterns of moving altered black-and-white vertical stripes on a screen that was divided into a central and a surrounding peripheral visual field. In both fields the pattern was either moving or stationary, resulting in four combinations of central and peripheral motions: (1) central and peripheral stripes moved into the same direction, (2) central and peripheral stripes moved in opposite directions, or (3) either the central or (4) the peripheral stripes were stable while the other stripes were in motion. This stimulation induced vection: Results showed significantly higher vection ratings when the stationary center of the pattern was surrounded by a moving periphery. Event-related potentials mirrored this finding: The occipital N2 was largest with stationary central and moving peripheral stripes. Our findings suggest that sensory integration of peripheral and central visual information triggers the perception of vection. Furthermore, we found evidence that neural processes precede the subjective perception of vection strength prior to the actual onset of vection. We will discuss our findings with respect to the role of stimulus eccentricity, stimulus' depth, and neural correlates involved during the genesis of vection.
Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2014 Feb 1;259:131-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.045. Epub 2013 Nov 5.
Illusory self-motion (known as vection) describes the sensation of ego-motion in the absence of physical movement. Vection typically occurs in stationary observers being exposed to visual information that suggest self-motion (e.g. simulators, virtual reality). In the present study, we tested whether
PMID 24211538

Japanese Journal

紛争と飢餓の地での援助を表象する新たな「植民地小説」--ジョナサン・ファラの『プラ・マーシー』分析

大池真知子
文明科学研究 1, 1-12, 2006
… In old colonial novels such as Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, the European protagonist is fascinated with, ventures into, and imposes interpretation over, the unknown, while in a modern version like Poor Mercy, most often he, but sometimes she, sacrifices him/herself for an aid work in the land of war and conflict, and sickness and famine.The second part analyzes the text of Poor Mercy, and shows how it represents the failure of aid work and how it fails to create a romance from aid. …
NAID 120001072798

Study of vertigo in children.

柳田三洋子
Ｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍ　Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ 45(2), 175-188, 1986
… test were carried in 4356 pupils of onekindergarten, four primary schools, and one middle school in 1982. 1 Questionnaries 1) Rotatory vertigo, dizziness, and black-out were reported in 3.000, 4.5%, and 11.0% of the pupils respectively. 2) Children complaining of vertigo have a stronger tendency to develop motion sickness and to be slow-footed than normal children. 2 Equilibrium tests 1) The normal ranges of standing test (both foot standing, Mann's standing, and one leg standing), …
NAID 130000853614