同: BPP

WordNet

write about; "The author of this article profiles a famous painter"
a vertical section of the Earths crust showing the different horizons or layers
an analysis (often in graphical form) representing the extent to which something exhibits various characteristics; "a biochemical profile of blood"; "a psychological profile of serial killers"
an outline of something (especially a human face as seen from one side)
biographical sketch
represent in profile, by drawing or painting
recording a persons behavior and analyzing psychological characteristics in order to predict or assess their ability in a certain sphere or to identify a particular group of people

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横顔,ゲロフィール / (彫象などの)側面 / (背景をパックにした)輪郭,外形 / (通例,図やグラフで示す)分折,分ジ違表 / (新物・雑誌などの)人物紹介 / …‘の'横顔を書く / 《受動体で》(…を背景に)…‘の'輪郭を描く《+『名』+『against』+『名』》・犯人像を描く
プロファイリング、犯人の心理を分析しながら事件を解明すること

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/11 22:37:46」(JST)

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Ultrasound

A biophysical profile is a prenatal ultrasound evaluation of fetal well-being involving a scoring system,^[1] with the score being termed Manning's score.^[2] It is often done when a non-stress test is non reactive, or for other obstetrical indications.

Procedure

The biophysical profile (BPP) has 5 components: 4 ultrasound (US) assessments and a nonstress test (NST). The nonstress test (NST)(CTG) evaluates fetal heart rate and response to fetal movement. The five discrete biophysical variables:

Fetal movement
Fetal tone
Fetal breathing
Amniotic fluid volume
Fetal Heart Rate

Parameter	Normal (2 points)	Abnormal (0 points)
NST/Reactive FHR	At least two accelerations in 20 minutes	Less than two accelerations to satisfy the test in 20 minutes
US: Fetal breathing movements	At least one episode of > 30s^{[citation needed]} or >20s^[3] in 30 minutes	None or less than 30s^{[citation needed]} or 20s^[3]
US: Fetal activity / gross body movements	At least two^[3] movements of the torso or limbs	Less than three^{[citation needed]} or two^[3] movements
US: Fetal muscle tone	At least one^[3] episodes of active bending and straightening of the limb or trunk	No movements or movements slow and incomplete
US: Qualitative AFV/AFI	At least one vertical pocket> 2 cm or more in the vertical axis	Largest vertical pocket</=2 cm

Use of acoustic stimulation to accelerate evaluation has been described.^[4]

Interpretation

Each assessment is graded either 0 or 2 points, and then added up to yield a number between 0 and 10. A BPP of 8 or 10 is generally considered reassuring. A BPP normally is not performed before the second half of a pregnancy, since fetal breathing movements do not occur in the first half.

The presence of these biophysical variables implies absence of significant central nervous system hypoxemia/acidemia at the time of testing. By comparison, a compromised fetus typically exhibits loss of accelerations of the fetal heart rate (FHR), decreased body movement and breathing, hypotonia, and, less acutely, decreased amniotic fluid volume.

Recommended management based on the biophysical profile^[5]
BPP	Recommended management
≤2	Labor induction
4	Labor induction if gestational age >32 weeks Repeating test same day if <32 weeks, then delivery if BPP <6
6	Labor induction if >36 weeks if favorable cervix and normal AFI Repeating test in 24 hours if <36 weeks and cervix unfavorable; then delivery if BPP <6, and follow-up if >6
8	Labor induction if presence of oligohydramnios

References

^ Alfirevic Z, Neilson JP (2000). Alfirevic, Zarko. ed. "Biophysical profile for fetal assessment in high risk pregnancies". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2): CD000038. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000038. PMID 10796097.
^ Page 215, Chapter 39 on Biophysical Profile (BPP), in: Title: Diagnostic Ultrasound, Volume: 2, Issue: 1 of The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice, Author: Norman W. Rantanen. Publisher: Jaypee Brothers Publishers, 1986. ISBN: 8184480644, 9788184480641. Length: 261 pages
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Biophysical Profile, Ultrasound: eMedicine Radiology". http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/405454-overview. Retrieved 2009-12-29.
^ Pinette MG, Blackstone J, Wax JR, Cartin A (June 2005). "Using fetal acoustic stimulation to shorten the biophysical profile". J Clin Ultrasound 33 (5): 223–5. doi:10.1002/jcu.20116. PMID 16047387.
^ Intrauterine Growth Retardation. ROBERT C. VANDENBOSCHE, M.D., and JEFFREY T. KIRCHNER, D.O., Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Am Fam Physician. 1998 Oct 15;58(6):1384-1390. [1] [2]

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1. 胎児機能評価 the fetal biophysical profile
2. 胎児評価の概要 overview of fetal assessment
3. 癒着胎盤、嵌入胎盤、および穿通胎盤のマネージメント management of placenta accreta increta and percreta
4. 胎児の発育遅延：評価およびマネージメント fetal growth restriction evaluation and management
5. 分娩前の胎児心拍数評価 antepartum fetal heart rate assessment

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