腋窩リンパ節
WordNet
- used to express refusal or denial or disagreement etc or especially to emphasize a negative statement; "no, you are wrong"
- a negative; "his no was loud and clear"
- referring to the degree to which a certain quality is present; "he was no heavier than a child" (同)no more
- not in any degree or manner; not at all; "he is no better today"
- quantifier; used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns for indicating a complete or almost complete lack or zero quantity of; "we have no bananas"; "no eggs left and no money to buy any"; "have you no decency?"; "did it with no help"; "Ill get you there in no time"
- sway gently back and forth, as in a nodding motion; "the flowers were nodding in the breeze"
- be almost asleep; "The old man sat nodding by the fireplace"
- let the head fall forward through drowsiness; "The old man was nodding in his chair"
- the act of nodding the head
- a sign of assent or salutation or command
- express or signify by nodding; "He nodded his approval"
- lower and raise the head, as to indicate assent or agreement or confirmation; "The teacher nodded when the student gave the right answer"
- any thickened enlargement (同)knob, thickening
- (botany) the small swelling that is the part of a plant stem from which one or more leaves emerge (同)leaf node
- a connecting point at which several lines come together
- (computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a computer network (同)client, guest
- (astronomy) a point where an orbit crosses a plane
- (physics) the point of minimum displacement in a periodic system
- any bulge or swelling of an anatomical structure or part
- of or relating to the armpit; "axillary gland"
- of or relating to the axil (同)alar
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 《名詞の前に置いて》『一つも』(『一人も,少しも』)・・・『ない』 / 《補語につけて》『決して・・・でない』 / 《省略文で》・・・なし;・・・お断り / 《話》少ししか(あまり)・・・ない / (肯定の問いに対して)『いいえ』;(否定の問いに対して)はい,ええ / 《not, norの前に挿入して》『いや』,否 / 《形容詞の前に置その形容詞を否定して》…どころではない / 《比較級の前に置いて》ちっとも…でない,…と全く同じ / 《… or no の形で》…であってもなくても / 《驚き・困惑・不信などを表して》とんでもない / 《単数形で》『拒否』,「『いいえ』」という返事 / 《複数形で》反対[投]票
- (承諾・あいさつ・合図などで)『うなずく』,会釈する / (眠くて)『こっくりする』,(油断して)うとうとする《+off》 / 〈草木・穂などが〉揺れる / (承諾・あいさつなどで)〈頭〉‘を'『うなずかせる』 / …‘を'うなずいて示す / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈人〉‘に'うなずいて示す / 《同意・承諾・あいさつ・命令など,また時には拒絶を表して》(…に対する)『うなずき』,『会釈』《+『to』+『名』》;(眠気による)こっくり
- (茎・幹の)節(ふし) / (体組織にできた)結節,こぶ(リンパ瘤(りゅう)など) / (天体の軌道の)交点 / (物事の)中心点
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/15 21:44:55」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Axillary lymph nodes |
|
Lymphatics of the breast and the axillary glands
|
2. Axillary lymphatic plexus
4. Cubital lymph nodes (not part of the lymph node drainage of the breast)
5. Superficial axillary (low axillary)
6. Deep axillary lymph nodes
7. Brachial axillary lymph nodes
8. Interpectoral axillary lymph nodes (Rotter nodes)
10. Paramammary or intramammary lymph nodes
11. Parasternal lymph nodes (internal mammary nodes) |
| Details |
| Drains from |
Axilla |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
Nodi lymphoidei axillares |
| TA |
A13.3.01.002 |
| FMA |
12771 71741, 12771 |
| Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
|
The axillary lymph nodes or armpit lymph nodes (20 to 30 in number) drain lymph vessels from the lateral quadrants of the breast, the superficial lymph vessels from the walls of the chest and the abdomen above the level of the navel, and the vessels from the upper limb. They are divided in several groups according to their location in the armpit. These lymph nodes are clinically significant in breast cancer, and metastases from the breast to the axillary lymph nodes are considered in the staging of the disease.[1]
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Breast cancer
- 3 Additional images
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Structure
The axillary lymph nodes are arranged in six groups:
- Anterior (pectoral) group: Lying along the lower border of the pectoralis minor behind the pectoralis major, these nodes receive lymph vessels from the lateral quadrants of the breast and superficial vessels from the anterolateral abdominal wall above the level of the umbilicus.
- Posterior (subscapular) group: Lying in front of the subscapularis muscle, these nodes receive superficial lymph vessels from the back, down as far as the level of the iliac crests.
- Lateral group: Lying along the medial side of the axillary vein, these nodes receive most of the lymph vessels of the upper limb (except those superficial vessels draining the lateral side—see infraclavicular nodes, below).
- Central group: Lying in the center of the axilla in the axillary fat, these nodes receive lymph from the above three groups.
- Infraclavicular (deltopectoral) group: These nodes are not strictly axillary nodes because they are located outside the axilla. They lie in the groove between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles and receive superficial lymph vessels from the lateral side of the hand, forearm, and arm.
- Apical group: Lying at the apex of the axilla at the lateral border of the 1st rib, these nodes receive the efferent lymph vessels from all the other axillary nodes.
The apical nodes drain into the subclavian lymph trunk. On the left side, this trunk drains into the thoracic duct; on the right side, it drains into the right lymphatic duct. Alternatively, the lymph trunks may drain directly into one of the large veins at the root of the neck.[2]
Breast cancer
About 75% of lymph from the breasts drains into the axillary lymph nodes, making them important in the diagnosis of breast cancer. A doctor will usually refer a patient to a surgeon to have an axillary lymph node dissection to see if the cancer cells have been trapped in the nodes. For clinical stages I and II breast cancer, axillary lymph node dissection should only be performed after first attempting sentinel node biopsy.[3]
If cancer cells are found in the nodes it increases the risk of metastatic breast cancer. Another method of determining breast cancer spread is to perform an endoscopic axillary sentinel node biopsy. This involves injecting a dye into the breast lump and seeing which node it first spread to (the sentinel node). This node is then removed and examined. If there is no cancer present, it is assumed the cancer has not spread to the other lymph nodes. This procedure is often less invasive and less damaging than the axillary lymph node dissection. The estimated risk of lymphedema following sentinel lymph node procedure is less than 3%.[citation needed] The approximate risk of lymphedema following axillary lymph node dissection is 10-15% and this can slightly increase with the addition of radiotherapy and chemotherapy to as much as 20-25% depending on the extent of dissection, extent of radiotherapy fields, and history of chemotherapy.[citation needed]
Axillary lymph nodes are included within the standard tangential fields in radiotherapy for breast cancer. In the case of comprehensive nodal irradiation, which includes axillary levels I, II, and III, as well as a supraclavicular lymph node field, there is a risk of damage to brachial plexus. The risk is estimated to be less than 5% as the brachial plexus radiation tolerance according to (Emami 1991) is 60 Gy in standard fractionation (2 Gy per fraction).[citation needed] A common prescribed dose for breast cancer with comprehensive nodal fields would be 50 Gy in 25 fractions with a boost planned to the lumpectomy cavity in the breast or scar on the chest wall if it is a mastectomy. If brachial plexopathy does occur, it is generally a late effect and may not manifest itself until 10 or 15 years later, and usually presents with slight painless muscular atrophy.
Additional images
-
-
Lymph nodes of the upper limb and breast
-
The superficial lymph glands and lymphatic vessels of the upper extremity
See also
- Lymphatic system
- Rotter's lymph nodes
- Supraclavicular lymph nodes
References
- ^ Longo, D; Fauci, A; Kasper, D; Hauser, S; Jameson, J; Loscalzo, J (2012). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (18th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 757–759. ISBN 978-0071748896.
- ^ Snell Clinical Anatomy By Regions. (9th ed.). p. 356.
- ^ American College of Surgeons (September 2013), "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation (American College of Surgeons), retrieved 2 January 2013 , which cites various primary research studies.
External links
- Image at breastcancer.org
- LymphAdvice.com
- lesson3axillarylymphnodes at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
|
Anatomy of the lymphatic system
|
|
| Head and neck |
| Head |
| Back |
- Occipital
- Mastoid/retroauricular
- Parotid
- Superficial
- Deep
- preauricular
- infra-auricular
- intraglandular
|
|
| Front |
- Facial
- Mandibular
- Submental
|
|
|
| Cervical |
| Superficial |
|
|
| Deep |
- Deep anterior cervical
- pretracheal
- paratracheal
- prelaryngeal
- thyroid
- Deep lateral cervical
- superior deep cervical
- inferior deep cervical
- retropharyngeal
- jugulodigastric
- jugulo-omohyoid
|
|
| Other |
- Anterior cervical
- Lateral cervical
- Supraclavicular
|
|
|
| Vessels |
|
|
|
| Arm and axilla |
| Nodes |
- Axillary
- Brachial
- Pectoral
- Subscapular
- Central
- Apical
- Arm
- Supratrochlear
- Deltopectoral
|
|
| Vessels |
|
|
|
| Chest |
| Nodes |
- Parasternal
- Intercostal
- Superior diaphragmatic
- Trachea and bronchi
- superior
- inferior
- bronchopulmonary
- paratracheal
- intrapulmonary
|
|
| Vessels |
- Thoracic duct
- Right lymphatic duct
- Bronchomediastinal lymph trunk
|
|
|
| Abdomen |
| Nodes |
| Paraaortic |
- Retroaortic
- Lateral aortic
- Preaortic
- (Celiac
- Superior mesenteric
- mesenteric
- ileocolic
- mesocolic
- Inferior mesenteric
|
|
| Other |
- Iliac
- Retroperitoneal lymph nodes
|
|
|
| Vessels |
- Lumbar lymph trunk
- Intestinal trunk
- Cisterna chyli
|
|
|
| Leg |
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
Japanese Journal
- 1H12 転移リンパ節に対するリンパ行性薬剤送達法に関する研究
- 上行結腸癌術後22年に集学的治療により非担癌状態を得た，左鎖骨上～腋窩リンパ節転移の1例
Related Links
- 2. Axillary lymphatic plexus 4. Cubital lymph nodes (not part of the lymph node drainage of the breast) 5. Superficial axillary (low axillary) 6. Deep axillary lymph nodes 7. Brachial axillary lymph nodes 8. Interpectoral axillary lymph ...
- Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Switch to new thesaurus Noun 1. axillary node - any of the lymph glands of the armpit; fights infections in the neck and chest and arm regions lymph gland, lymph node, node - the source of lymph and lymphocytes
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 同
- 胸筋リンパ節 pectoral node pectoral lymph node
- 関
- 胸筋間腋窩リンパ節 interpectoral nodes, interpectoral lymph nodes、腋窩リンパ節 axillary lymph node axillary node
[★]
- 関
- clause、ganglia、ganglion、ganglionic、knot、lymph node、nodal、nodose、nodulate、section、tubercle、tubercular、tuberosity
[★]
- 関
- armpit、axilla、axillae
[★]
- 関
- armpit、axillae、axillary
[★]